bio chapter 5
Which molecule is not a carbohydrate? Cellulose Lipid Glycogen Starch
lipid
which monomers make up RNA?
nucleotides
a simple sugar is composed of equal parts carbon and water, which gave rise to the general name of any sugar as a
CARBOHYDRATE
what do receptor proteins do?
this protein has a binding site for a single protein and can emit a second messenger
deoxyribose
exlusively DNA
True or false? Enzymes in the digestive tract catalyze hydrolysis reactions.
true
True or false? Guanine and uracil are examples of nitrogenous bases.
true
If a DNA double helix is 100 nucleotide pairs long and contains 25 adenine bases, how many guanine bases does it contain?
75
The two strands of a DNA double helix are held together by _____ that form between pairs of nitrogenous bases.
HYDROGEN
a ______ cannot be hydrolyzed any further
MONOSACCHARIDE
Which of the following statements about monosaccharide structure is true? All monosaccharides contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. A six-carbon sugar is called a pentose. Aldoses and ketoses differ in the position of their hydroxyl groups. Monosaccharides can be classified according to the spatial arrangement of their atoms.
Monosaccharides can be classified according to the spatial arrangement of their atoms.
Which of these does NOT contain a structural protein? ligaments spider silk muscles tendons ovalbumin
OVALBUMIN - a storage protein
A nucleotide is composed of a(n) _____
PHOSPHATE GROUP, a nitrogen containing base, and a 5carbon sugar
a carbohydrate that yield many monosaccharide when hydrolyzed is a
POLYSACCHARIDE
Which of these is NOT a lipid? RNA steroids wax phospholipid cholesterol
RNA
uracil
RNA
True or false? Peptidoglycan is a polysaccharide found only in bacteria.
TRUE
glyocogen is
a polysaccharide found in animals
which linkage forms the backbone of a nucleic acid?
a sugar-phosphate linkage
proteins are polymers of
amino acids
Which complex carbohydrate contains only a-1,4-glycosidic linkages?
amylose
Which of the following is not attached to the central carbon atom in an amino acid
an oxygen
A function of cholesterol that does not harm health is its role _____.
as component of animal cell membranes
adenine
dna and rna
guanine
dna and rna
phosphate
dna and rna
the secondary structure of a protein results from
hydrogen bonds
Defensive proteins are manufactured by the _____ system
immune
tertiary structure is NOT directly dependent on
peptide bonds
Which polysaccharide contains a modified monosaccharide? Cellulose Starch Glycogen Peptidoglycan
peptidoglycan
what kind of lipid is this
phospholipid bc they are composed of a phosphate group, a glycerol, and fatty acids
Which of the following statements about nucleotide structure is false? The phosphate group is bonded to the nitrogenous base. The sugar is bonded to the phosphate group. The sugar can be either ribose or deoxyribose. The nitrogenous base is bonded to the sugar.
the first one be cause the phosphate group is bonded to sugar, not to the nitrogenous base
thymine
DNA
If a strand of DNA has the nitrogen base sequence 5'-ATTTGC-3', what will be the sequence of the matching strand?
3'-TAAACG-5'
What is the complementary DNA sequence to 5' ATGCATGTCA 3'?
5' TGACATGCAT 3'
CYSTOSINE
dna and rna
Which structure is not a component of a nucleotide? Phosphate group Nitrogen-containing base Pentose Sulfhydryl Oxygen group
A nucleotide does not contain a sulfhydryloxygen group
ribosE
RNA
what part of an amino acid is always acidic?
carboxyl functional group
Which of these is a polysaccharide? cellulose glucose galactose lactose sucrose
cellulose
Which of the following complex carbohydrates is listed with its correct function? Cellulose: structural component of plant cell walls Amylose: main component of plant starch Starch: primary energy-storage molecule in animals Chitin: constituent of bacterial cell walls
cellulose: structural component of plant cell walls
what is the most abundant organic compound on earth?
celulose
identify 2 possible components of a dna nucleotide
deoxyribose, phosphate group, thymine
glucose+glucose--> _______by ________
maltose+water.....dehydration synthesis
Which of these is rich in unsaturated fats? olive oil butter lard beef fat a fat that is solid at room temperature
olive oil
what type of bond joins the monomers in a proteins primary structure?
peptide
Which polymers are composed of amino acids?
proteins
arrow d is indicating a
receptor protein
This figure is an example of a
saturated fat bc the fatty acid tails lack double bonds
what structure of a protein does this illustrate?
secondary
arrow A is indicating a
structural protein
Which of the following statements about the formation of polypeptides from amino acids is true? The reaction occurs through the addition of a water molecule to the amino acids. Polypeptides form by condensation or hydrolysis reactions. A bond can form between any carbon and nitrogen atom in the two amino acids being joined. A bond forms between the carboxyl functional group of one amino acid and the amino functional group of the other amino acid.
A bond forms between the carboxyl functional group of one amino acid and the amino functional group of the other amino acid.
Select the statement that is incorrect. Complex sugars are carbohydrates. All carbohydrates have the general formula Cn(H2O)n. Simple sugars are carbohydrates. Simple sugars contain only carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms.
All carbohydrates have the general formula Cn(H2O)n.
lactose: the sugar in milk, is a _______ bc it can be split into 2 monosaccharides
DISACCHARIDE
dehydration synthesis
the linking of the monomers involves the removal of water.
Which of the following statements about DNA structure is true? Phosphodiester bonds form between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 5' carbon of the adjacent nucleotide. The nucleic acid strands in a DNA molecule are oriented antiparallel to each other. The arrangement of the sugar-phosphate groups determines the genetic code. DNA is always synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction.
the nucleic acid strands in a DNA molecule are oriented antiparallel to each other.
