bio exam 3

Which of the following can cause cancer to develop and progress?

an oncogene and mutated tumor suppressor gene

Bacteria reproduce by

binary fission

A sensitive S. aureus bacterium acquires a new gene that allows it to resist the effects of beta-lactam antibiotics (that is, the bacterium is now resistant). What might the protein encoded by that gene do?

digest beta-lactam antibiotics

What are the two major mechanisms by which bacterial populations generate genetic diversity?

gene exchange (= horizontal gene transfer) and mutation

A mutation causes a substitution of one amino acid for another in the encoded protein. What type of mutation is this?

missense

Taxol (a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat some cancers) interferes with ________ and it is active in ________ of the cell cycle.

mitosis; metaphase/anaphase

In a diploid cell undergoing meiosis, its DNA replicates ____________ and the cell divides _____________.

once, twice

The process that directly causes the thickened mucous in the lungs of CF patients is

osmosis

The exchange of homologous chromosome arms occurs during _____________ of _______________.

prophase I; meiosis

tumor suppressor genes

tell cells to pause the cell cycle to fix mistakes