Bio Lab Exam 1
8
How many carpals make up the wrist?
7
Name the number of tarsals.
3
The adult hip bone consists of _____ regions.
distal
Where in the skeleton is the ulna located in reference to the humerus? 1. Distal 2. Lateral 3. Proximal 4. Medial
calcaneus
Identify the anatomical term for the "heel bone". 1. Calcaneus 2. Achilles 3. Talus 4. Cuneiform
fibula
Identify the bone found lateral to the tibia. 1. Fibularis 2. Calcaneus 3. Femur 4. Fibula
infraorbital foramen
Identify the small hole on the maxillary bone located below the orbit. 1. Infraorbital foramen 2. Inferior orbital fissure 3. Palatine process 4. Maxillary sinus
long
The femur is an example of a(n) __________ bone.
medial and lateral condyles
The flat surface of the tibia that articulates with the femur is the superior surface of which landmark? 1. Head 2. Medial and lateral condyles 3. Patellar surface 4. Medial malleolus
iliac crest
The ridge like superior edge of the ilium is known as the _____. 1. Anterior superior iliac spine 2. Ischial spine 3. Iliac crest 4. Anterior gluteal line
diaphysis
The shaft of a long bone is known as the __________.
long
What type of bones are the phalanges? 1. Short 2. Long 3. Flat 4. Irregular
pivot
What type of joint is formed between the radius and ulna? 1. Ball and socket 2. Synchondrosis 3. Pivot 4. Hinge
vesicular transport
What would require an input of energy?
large, irregularly shaped projection
A trochanter is a ________.
neurons
All the following are examples of connective tissue EXCEPT __________. 1. neurons 2. tendons 3. bones 4. ligaments
permeable
Glucose, water, and ion are examples of permeable or impermeable dialysis membrane?
demi-facet
Identify the articulation site for the head of a rib. 1. Pedicle 2. Demi-facet 3. Transverse costal facet 4. Lamina
3
Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes". 1. Occipital bone - C2 2. Occipital bone - axis 3. Occipital bone - atlas 4. Atlas - axis
medial and proximal
Identify the best description for the location of the head of the femur. 1. Medial and proximal 2. Posterior and proximal 3. Lateral and proximal 4. Medial and distal
trochlear notch
Identify the primary region of the ulna that forms the hinge joint with the humerus. 1. Trochlear notch 2. Coronoid process 3. Olecranon process 4. Olecranon fossa
5
How many pairs of ribs are considered false ribs?
7
How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum?
14
How many phalanges are located in the hand?
24
How many ribs make up the rib cage?
12
How many vertebrae comprise the thoracic region of the spine?
transverse process
Identify a lateral projection of a vertebra.
1
Identify the 2 bones that make up the zygomatic arch. 1. Zygomatic bone and temporal bone 2. Temporal bone and nasal bone 3. Zygomatic bone and maxillary bone 4. Zygomatic bone and frontal bone
tibia and talus
Identify the 2 bones that the fibula articulates with in the skeleton. 1. Femur and calcaneus 2. Femur and talus 3. Tibia and talus 4. Tibia and femur
medial malleolus
Identify the anatomical landmark resulting in a noticeable bump found on the medial surface of the ankle. 1. Styloid process 2. Medial condyle 3. Medial malleolus 4. Lateral malleolus
occipital condyles
Identify the area of the occipital bone that articulates with the vertebral column. 1. Occipital condyles 2. Foramen magnum 3. Mastoid processes 4. External occipital protuberances
2
Identify the articulation site for a tubercle of a rib. 1. Demi-facet 2. Transverse costal facet 3. Inferior articular facet 4. Superior articular facet
acetabulum
Identify the articulation site for the femur. 1. Auricular surface 2. Fovea capitis 3. Obturator foramen 4. Acetabulum
4
Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no". 1. Axis - C3 2. Occipital bone - axis 3. Occipital bone - atlas 4. Atlas - axis
mandibular notch
Name the U shaped border found between the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process. 1. Mandibular notch 2. Mandibular angle 3. Mandibular symphysis 4. Mandibular body
lateral malleolus
Name the noticeable bump on the outside of the ankle. 1. Lateral malleolus 2. Medial condyle 3. Medial malleolus 4. Lateral condyle
5
Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum.
foramen magnum
Name the opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes. 1. Foramen spinosum 2. Foramen ovale 3. Hypoglossal canal 4. Foramen magnum
hyaline cartilage
Name the type of connective tissue that anchors the ribs onto the sternum. 1. Fibrocartilage 2. Hyaline cartilage 3. Elastic cartilage 4. Dense regular connective tissue
spinous process
Name the vertebral projection found in a median plane.
neurons
Of the two major cell types found in nervous tissue, __________ cells are highly specialized to generate and conduct electrical signals. 1. neuroglial 2. neurons
1
Identify the best description of the mandibular condyle. 1. A projection on the mandible 2. A depression on the temporal bone 3. A depression on the mandible 4. A projection on the temporal bone
4
Identify the best description of the mandibular fossa. 1. A slight elevation 2. An opening 3. A projection 4. A shallow depression
tibial tuberosity
Identify the blunt elevation found on the anterior surface of the tibia between the lateral and medial condyles. 1. Articular surface of the medial condyle 2. Medial malleolus 3. Tibial tuberosity 4. Intercondylar eminence
parietal bone
Identify the bone that articulates superiorly with the temporal bone. 1. Sphenoid bone 2. Occipital bone 3. Parietal bone 4. Frontal bone
scapula
Identify the bone that articulates with the clavicle laterally. 1. Humerus 2. Sternum 3. First rib 4. scapula
sternum
Identify the bone that articulates with the clavicle medially. 1. Sternum 2. First rib 3. Humerus 4. Scapula
tibia
Identify the bone that articulates with the distal end of the femur. 1. Calcaneus 2. Fibula 3. Ulna 4. Tibia
scapula
Identify the bone that makes up the pectoral girdle with the clavicle. 1. Humerus 2. Sternum 3. Rib 4. Scapula
metatarsals
Identify the bones that make up the middle portion of the foot. 1. Metacarpals 2. Phalanges 3. Tarsals 4. Metatarsals
metacarpals
Identify the bones that make up the palm of the hand. 1. Metacarpals 2. Carpals 3. Metatarsals 4. Phalanges
carpals
Identify the bones that make up the wrist. 1. Carpals 2. Tarsals 3. Metacarpals 4. Phalanges
sacrum
Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis. 1. Coccyx 2. Pubic symphysis 3. Lumbar vertebrae 4. Sacrum
body
Identify the central portion of the sternum. 1. Manubrium 2. Body 3. Xiphoid Process 4. Soma
collarbone
Identify the common name for the clavicle. 1. Rib 2. Shoulder blade 3. Breast bone 4. Collarbone
olecranon fossa
Identify the depression found on the posterior surface of the humerus. 1. Olecranon fossa 2. Coronoid fossa 3. Medial epicondyle 4. Head
cheek
Identify the general location of the zygomatic arch. 1. Bridge of the nose 2. Cheek 3. Lower jaw 4. Orbit
4
Identify the hole that marks the opening of the ear canal on the superficial surface of the skull. 1. Mandibular fossa 2. Styloid process 3. Internal auditory meatus 4. External auditory meatus
linea aspera
Identify the landmark found on the diaphysis of the femur. 1. Greater trochanter 2. Linea aspera 3. Deltoid tuberosity 4. Fovea capitis
styloid process
Identify the landmark on the temporal bone that is a pointy spine. 1. Mastoid process 2. Temporal process 3. Zygomatic process 4. Styloid process
trochanter
Identify the landmark that is unique to the femur. 1. Notch 2. Condyle 3. Head 4. Trochanter
obturator foramen
Identify the large hole found in this bone. 1. Greater sciatic notch 2. Obturator foramen 3. Foramen magnum 4. Lesser sciatic notch
lambdoid
Identify the large suture on the posterior surface of the skull at the border of the occipital bone. 1. Squamous 2. Lambdoid 3. Coronal 4. Sagittal
1
Identify the location of the occipital bone. 1. Posterior surface and base of the cranium 2. Lateral surface of the cranium 3. Anterior surface and base of the cranium 4. Superior surface of the cranium
body
Identify the major weight bearing part of a vertebra.
fibula
Identify the non-weight bearing bone of the lower limb. 1. Femur 2. Talus 3. Fibula 4. Tibia
occipital condyles
Identify the occipital bone landmark that can not be palpated from the surface of the head. 1. Superior nuchal line 2. External occipital protuberance 3. Mastoid process 4. Occipital condyles
head
Identify the part of a rib that articulates in the demi-facets of the thoracic vertebra. 1. Neck 2. Tubercle 3. Head 4. Tuberosity
coronoid process
Identify the part of the mandible that serves as a site of attachment for the temporalis muscle. 1. Mandibular condyle 2. Coronoid process 3. Coracoid process 4. Mandibular notch
palatine bone
Identify the posterior most region of the hard palate. 1. Palatine process 2. Sphenoid 3. Palatine bone 4. Vomer
coracoid process
Identify the process on the scapula that does not articulate with another bone. 1. Acromion process 2. Coracoid process 3. Coronoid process 4. Glenoid cavity
styloid process
Identify the projection found on distal end of the ulna. 1. Styloid process 2. Coronoid process 3. Head 4. Olecranon process
tubercle
Identify the region of a rib that articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra. 1. Neck 2. Head 3. Shaft 4. Tubercle
ilium
Identify the region of the coxal bone that articulates with the sacrum. 1. Ischium 2. Coccyx 3. Ilium 4. Pubis
head
Identify the region of the femur that forms part of the hip joint. 1. Neck 2. Head 3. Medial condyle 4. Fovea capitis
trochlea
Identify the region of the humerus that articulates with the ulna. 1. Head 2. Trochlea 3. Capitulum 4. Medial epicondyle
mandibular condyle
Identify the region of the mandible that forms part of the temporomandibular joint. 1. Mandibular notch 2. Mandibular condyle 3. Mandibular fossa 4. Coronoid process
head
Identify the region of the radius that articulates with the ulna. 1. Neck 2. Head 3. Styloid process 4. Radial tuberosity
acromion process
Identify the region of the scapula that articulates with the clavicle. 1. Glenoid cavity 2. Acromion process 3. Coracoid process 4. Spine
occipital condyles
Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas. 1. Foramen magnum 2. Occipital condyles 3. Superior articular facets 4. Mastoid processes
mandibular fossa
Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the lower jaw. 1. Mandibular fossa 2. Mastoid process 3. Mandibular condyle 4. Zygomatic arch
mandibular fossa
Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the mandible. 1. Styloid process 2. Mandibular condyle 3. Mandibular notch 4. Mandibular fossa
zygomatic process
Identify the region of the temporal bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch. 1. Styloid process 2. Mastoid process 3. Zygomatic process 4. Temporal process
olecranon process
Identify the region of the ulna that articulates with the humerus when the forearm is in full extension. 1. Trochlea 2. Trochlear notch 3. Olecranon process 4. Coronoid process
zygomatic process
Identify the region on the temporal bone that forms much of the zygomatic arch. 1. Mastoid process 2. Zygomatic process 3. Styloid process 4. Temporal process
temporal process
Identify the region on the zygomatic bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch. 1. Styloid process 2. Zygomatic process 3. Mastoid process 4. Temporal process
manubrium
Identify the shield shaped top of the sternum. 1. Manubrium 2. Xiphoid Process 3. Body 4. Gladiolus
mandible
Identify the skull bone that can move independent of head movement. 1. Mandible 2. Maxilla 3. Nasal bone 4. Zygomatic bone
glenoid cavity
Identify the socket of the shoulder joint. 1. Glenoid cavity 2. Coracoid process 3. Spine 4. Lateral border
intramembranous ossification
Identify the specific process by which the clavicle develops. 1. Primary ossification 2. Osteogenesis 3. Endochondral ossification 4. Intramembranous ossification
sagittal
Identify the suture found between the 2 parietal bones.
coccyx
Identify the tailbone. 1. Sacrum 2. Spinous process 3. Coccyx 4. Xiphoid process
talus
Identify the tarsal that articulates with the tibia and fibula. 1. Calcaneus 2. Talus 3. Cuboid 4. Navicular
2
Identify the true statement about the head of the ulna. 1. Found at the proximal end of the bone. 2. Found at the distal end of the bone. 3. Helps form the elbow joint. 4. Helps form the pivot joint between the ulna and radius.
syndesmosis
Identify the type of joint found between the distal end of the tibia and fibula (distal tibiofibular joint). 1. Synchondrosis 2. Symphysis 3. Suture 4. Syndesmosis
supination
Identify the type of movement enabled by the articulation between the radius and ulna at the elbow. 1. Inversion 2. Flexion 3. Abduction 4. Supination
3-5
Identify the typical number of vertebrae that fuse during development to form the coccyx. 2 - 8 5 - 7 3 - 5 1 - 3
active
In __________ processes, the cell provides energy in the form of ATP to power the transport process.
phagocytosis
In __________, parts of the plasma membrane and cytoplasm extend and engulf a relatively large or solid material.
inferior articular processes
Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it. 1. Superior articular processes 2. Spinous process 3. Transverse processes 4. Inferior articular processes
epiphyseal plates
Longitudinal bone growth occurs at this location in long bones.
lower
Osmosis is the movement of a solvent from an area of higher concentration to an area of _______ concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.
1
The ball and socket joint in the hip is similar to the ball and socket joint of the shoulder but is designed more for __________ than ___________. 1. power; precision 2. speed; precision 3. precision; power 4. precision; speed
appendicular
The clavicle belongs to which of the following areas? 1. Arm 2. Appendicular skeleton 3. Axial skeleton 4. Rib cage
neck
The condition known as a "fractured hip" is most often a break in the femur. Where is the femur particularly susceptible to a fracture? 1. Acetabulum 2. Head 3. Neck 4. Greater trochanter
f
The hip bone is part of the axial skeleton. t or f
t
The lumbar vertebrae are found in the lower back. T or F
f
The lumbar vertebrae are part of the appendicular skeleton. T or F
f
The lumbar vertebrae are roughly the same size as vertebrae from the rest of the vertebral column. T or F
4
The mandible is not responsible for: 1. Structure of the lower jaw 2. Chewing food 3. Structure of the chin 4. Structure of the palate
passive
Diffusion and osmosis are ______ processes.
higher
Diffusion is the movement of solutes from an area of ________ concentration to an area of lower concentration.
down
During osmosis, water moves ______ its concentration gradient.
shrinking
During overhydration, sodium ions move out of the cell into the extracellular fluid. What is the effect on cell shape?
tissues
Groups of cells that are anatomically similar and share a function are called __________. 1. organs 2. organisms 3. organ systems 4. tissues
5
How many lumbar vertebrae are in the vertebral column?
sacral region
hat region of the vertebral column does the hip bone articulate with? 1. Coccygeal region 2. Lumbar region 3. Sacral region 4. Thoracic region
impermeable
protein and glycogen are examples of permeable or impermeable dialysis membrane?
ileum
Which of the following is the largest region of the hip bone? 1. Ischium 2. Ileum 3. Pubis 4. Ilium
1
Which of the following digits contain only 2 phalanges?
helps form a joint
A condyle differs from an epicondyle in that the condyle ________.
diffusion
A passive process, __________ is the movement of solute molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.
1
A solution surrounding a cell is hypertonic if __________. 1. it contains more nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of the cell 2. it contains the same amount of nonpenetrating solute particles as the interior of the cell 3. it contains fewer nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of the cell
phalanges
All of the following are short bones except ________. 1. patella 2. phalanges 3. tarsals 4. carpals
t
Blood is a type of connective tissue. T or F
articulations
Bones of the skeleton are connected at junctions called ________.
selective permeability
The plasma membrane not only provides a protective boundary for the cell but also determines which substances enter or exit the cell. We call this characteristic __________.
t
The projection at the inferior end of the greater sciatic notch is the ischial spine. t or f
rotator cuff
The scapula is the site of origin of a group of muscles that stabilize the shoulder joint. Identify this muscle group. 1. Upper arm flexor 2. Upper arm extensor 3. Upper arm abductor 4. Rotator cuff
t
The shape of the spinous process can be used to help determine if a vertebra is from the lumbar region. T or F
osteon
The structural unit of compact bone is the_______.
femur
This bone articulates with the acetabulum. 1. tibia 2. fibula 3. humerus 4. femur
patella
This bone is commonly called the kneecap. 1. pectoral 2. petrous 3. patella 4. pelvic
hyaline
This is the most common type of skeletal cartilage
hyaline
This type of cartilage attaches ribs to the sternum.
smooth muscle
This type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs. It has no striations, and its cells are spindle shaped. It is __________. 1. cardiac muscle 2. skeletal muscle 3. smooth muscle
irregular
Vertebrae belong to this category of bones.
keratin
What additional component associated with outer skin epithelium is not seen in oral epithelium? 1. nerve fibers 2. basal lamina 3. blood vessels 4. keratin
atlas
What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?
axis
What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?
head
What part of the humerus articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder joint? 1. Head 2. Trochlea 3. Deltoid tuberosity 4. Greater tubercle
xiphoid process
What part of the sternum is palpated prior to giving CPR? 1. Xiphoid Process 2. Manubrium 3. Body 4. Sternal angle
1
What regions of the hip bones articulate to form a symphysis? 1. Right and left pubic bodies 2. Ischial tuberosities 3. Right and left pubic tubercles 4. Right and left Iliac fossa
crest
What structure is an attachment site for muscles or ligaments?
long
What type of bone is a phalanx? 1. Long 2. Short 3. Irregular 4. Flat
long
What type of bone is the fibula? 1. Flat 2. Irregular 3. Short 4. Long
chromatin
When a cell is NOT dividing, the DNA is loosely spread throughout the nucleus in a threadlike form called __________.
1
Where is the mandibular fossa located? 1. Inferior surface of the zygomatic process 2. Medial to the styloid process 3. Posterior to the external auditory meatus 4. Inferior to the mastoid process
lateral
Where is the radius located in reference to the ulna? 1. Distal 2. Medial 3. Lateral 4. Proximal
femur
Which bone articulates in the acetabulum? 1. Tibia 2. Humerus 3. Calcaneus 4. Femur
lacrimal bone
Which bone is NOT considered to be part of the cranium?
sphenoid
Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor?
thumb
Which digit is composed of only two phalanges? 1. Middle finger 2. Index finger 3. Pinky finger 4. Thumb 5. Ring finger
1
Which digit is the radius closest to?
ischial tuberosity
Which landmark of the hip bone can be felt on a hard chair? 1. Ischial body 2. Pubic rami 3. Ischial tuberosity 4. Iliac crest
clavicle
Which of the following bone belongs to the appendicular skeleton? 1. cranium 2. clavicle 3. ribs 4. vertebrae
sternum
Which of the following bone belongs to the axial skeleton and is a flat bone? 1. vertebrae 2. scapula 3. sternum 4. coxal (pelvic) bone
sternum
Which of the following bones belongs to the axial skeleton? 1. carpals 2. sternum 3. humerus 4. patella
nasal
Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus? 1. Maxillary 2. Nasal 3. Sphenoid 4. Frontal
frontal
Which of the following bones is unpaired? 1. Frontal 2. Temporal 3. Zygomatic 4. Parietal
facial
Which of the following categories is the best fit for the zygomatic arch? 1. Vertebral 2. Facial 3. Cranial 4. Appendicular
elongated spinous process
Which of the following characteristics do not belong to the lumbar region? 1. Bulky centrum 2. Blunt spinous process 3. Large size overall 4. Elongated spinous process
2
Which of the following is true about the rate of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane? 1. The size of the molecules has no effect on the rate of diffusion through the membrane. 2. Smaller molecules diffuse faster than larger molecules through a membrane. 3. Larger molecules diffuse faster than smaller molecules through a membrane. 4. All molecules diffuse at the same rate through the membrane.
malleoli
Which of the following landmarks can be found on both the tibia and fibula? 1. Tuberosity 2. Malleoli 3. Head 4. Condyles
greater tubercle
Which of the following landmarks found on the proximal end of the humerus? 1. Greater tubercle 2. Medial epicondyle 3. Deltoid tuberosity 4. Capitulum
lateral epicondyle
Which of the following landmarks is found on the distal end of the humerus? 1. Greater tubercle 2. Neck 3. Lesser tubercle 4. Lateral epicondyle
spine
Which of the following landmarks is found on the posterior surface of the scapula? 1. Coracoid process 2. Lateral border 3. Glenoid cavity 4. Spine
nasal septum
Which of the following locations is not formed by part of the maxillae? 1. Hard palate 2. Nasal septum 3. Upper jaw 4. Orbit
styloid process
Which of the following regions of the radius help form the wrist joint? 1. Head 2. Styloid process 3. Radial tuberosity 4. Neck
intervertebral discs
Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen? 1. Intervertebral discs 2. Dura mater 3. Spinal nerve roots 4. Spinal cord
T12
Which of the following thoracic vertebrae is the largest? 1. T7 2. T1 3. T5 4. T12
palatine bones
Which part of the maxillary bones form the roof of the mouth? 1. Alveolar margins 2. Palatine processes 3. Palatine bones 4. Frontal processes
ilium
Which region of the hip bone articulates with the sacrum? 1. Ischium 2. Pubis 3. Ilium 4. Coccyx
mandibular condyle
Which region of the mandible articulates with the cranium? 1. Mandibular fossa 2. Coronoid process 3. Mandibular condyle 4. Mandibular notch
acromion process
Which region of the scapula does articulate with another bone? 1. Suprascapular notch 2. Medial border 3. Acromion process 4. Lateral border
appendicular
Which region of the skeleton contains the humerus? 1. Appendicular 2. Pectoral girdle 3. Axial 4. Rib cage
sacral
Which region of the vertebral column is immediately inferior to the lumbar region?
thoracic
Which region of the vertebral column is immediately superior to the lumbar region?
1
Which region of the vertebral column is located superior to the thoracic region and which region is inferior to the thoracic region, respectively? 1. Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: lumbar 2. Superiorly: lumbar and inferiorly: cervical 3. Superiorly: lumbar and inferiorly: coccyx 4. Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: sacrum
hypotonic
Which solution in a test tube would work best in extracting DNA from cheek cells for analysis? 1. hypertonic 2. mesotonic 3. hypotonic 4. isotonic
medial
Which surface of the maxillary bones fuse together? 1. Lateral 2. Medial 3. Inferior 4. Superior
tibia
ame the bone that articulates with the distal end of the femur. 1. Fibula 2. Tibia 3. Calcaneus 4. Fibularis
f
the palpable hip bone projections in the front of the body felt when you put your hands on your hips are the posterior inferior iliac spines. T or F
