BIO PSYC ch.5 pt.2

Color and brightness constancy are best explained by the ____ theory of color vision.

retinex

Which theory can best explain why people that are wearing yellow-colored glasses can still identify the color of a green apple?

retinex theory

Horizontal cells receive their input from ____, and they send output to ____.

rods and cones; bipolar cells

The lateral geniculate nucleus is part of the ____.

thalamus

In the visual system, the ____ and ____ constantly feed information back and forth.

thalamus; cortex

The fact that all colors on older televisions were created by combining only three different colors of light supports the ____ theory of color vision.

trichromatic

At the level of rods and cones, the ____ theory seems to fit best, while at the level of the bipolar cells, the ____ theory seems to fit best.

trichromatic; opponent process

Melba is one of the unique individuals that has 4 kinds of cones. What is not true about Melba?

She has two forms of the short-wavelength cone

Laurence is able to drive his car within a lane since he can clearly see the lines and edge of the road. His nervous system enhances his ability to see edges by ______.

an illusion created in the retina called lateral inhibition

Parvocellular neurons most likely receive input from ____.

bipolar cells that receive input from cones

According to the retinex theory, we perceive color by ____.

contrasting the activity in one area of the visual field with that of the others

In foveal vision, ____.

each ganglion cell is excited by a single cone

____ cells axons make up the optic nerve.

ganglion

In the vertebrate retina, which cells are responsible for lateral inhibition?

horizontal cells

Branches of the optic nerve go directly to what areas of the brain?

lateral geniculate and superior colliculus

The optic nerve sends most of its information to the _____ of the _____.

lateral geniculate nucleus; thalamus

Suppose someone has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of horizontal cells in the retina. Which visual phenomenon is most likely to be impaired?

lateral inhibition

What is responsible for sharpening contrast at visual borders?

lateral inhibition

Cutting the left optic nerve in front of the optic chiasm would result in blindness in the ____.

left eye

The most common form of color vision deficiency is due to ____.

long- and medium-wavelength cones making the same photopigment

As a human, Lino is really good at detecting motion. This is because of his _____.

magnocellular neurons in the periphery

Lynn was developing film in a room with red light. When she came out of the room, everything looked a little green for a while. Which theory explains why this is happening to her?

opponent-process theory

Which theory of color vision is best able to explain negative color afterimages?

opponent-process theory

The optic nerves from the right and left eye initially meet at the ____.

optic chiasm

Noella is a makeup artist and is very good at using makeup to create fine details to create a visual effect (ex. making a person look older). As she works, her ______ cells help her to see the details.

parvocellular

The receptive field of a receptor is the ____.

point in space from which light strikes the receptor

The ____ of any neuron in the visual system is the area of the visual field that excites or inhibits it.

receptive field

The point in space from which light strikes the receptor is called the ____.

receptive field

Color constancy is the ability to ____.

recognize the color of an object despite changes in lighting

Clement has the most common form of color vision deficiency and has trouble distinguishing ____ from _____.

red; green