BIO PSYC FINAL EXAM

Meissner's corpuscles are ____. A. elaborate neuron endings for touch C. bare endings surrounded by non-neural cells B. simple, bare neuron endings D. important components of the blood

A. elaborate neuron endings for touch

Marie participated in a research study where she was told to imagine different sounds. While she was imagining, she had activation of her ______. A. tympanic membrane C. cochlea B. A1 D. hair cells

B. A1

Which type of glia builds myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS? A. Astrocytes B. Oligodendrocytes C. Microglia D. Oligodendrocytes & Astrocytes

B. Oligodendrocytes

Which types of taste receptors use G-protein coupled signaling to depolarize the neuron to threshold? A. Salty, bitter, and sweet C. Sweet, umami, and sour B. Sweet, bitter, and umami D. Sour, sweet, and bitter

B. Sweet, bitter, and umami

Which statement is true of EPSPs? A. They work in pairs to produce an action potential. B. They decay over time and space. C. They can be either excitatory or inhibitory. D. They occur because potassium gates open.

B. They decay over time and space.

The tree-like branches of a neuron that receive information from other neurons are called _____. A. axons B. dendrites C. soma D. myelin

B. dendrites

The primary feature of a neuron that prevents the action potential from traveling back from where it just passed is the ____. A. concentration gradient B. refractory period C. sodium potassium pump D. phospholipid bilayer

B. refractory period

Which statement correctly describes how the concentration and electrical gradients act on potassium when the neuron is at rest? A. The concentration gradient moves potassium in, and the electrical gradient moves it in. B. The concentration gradient moves potassium in, and the electrical gradient moves it out. C. The concentration gradient moves potassium out, and the electrical gradient moves it in D. The concentration gradient moves potassium out, and the electrical gradient moves it out.

C. The concentration gradient moves potassium out, and the electrical gradient moves it in.

. Which of the following cranial nerves plays a role in the sensation of taste? Trochlear C. Accessory B. Abducens D. Glossopharyngeal

D. Glossopharyngeal

Which statement accurately describes which side of the body each hemisphere receives input from and over which side of the body each hemisphere exerts motor control? A. Input is from the contralateral side, and control is over the ipsilateral side C. Input is from the ipsilateral side, and control is over the ipsilateral side B. Input is from the ipsilateral side, and control is over the contralateral side D. Input is from the contralateral side, and control is over the contralateral side

D. Input is from the contralateral side, and control is over the contralateral side

A receptor can directly open a channel and thereby exert a(n) ____ . A. metabotropic effect B. pantropic effect C. isotropic effect D. ionotropic effect

D. ionotropic effect

Olfactory receptors carry their message to the ____. A. thalamus C. insular cortex B. nucleus of tractus solitarius D. olfactory bulb

D. olfactory bulb

Which of the following is part of the hindbrain? A. Cerebellum B. Thalamus C. Hippocampus D. Substantia nigra

A. Cerebellum

Which receptors are responsible for the perception of color? A. Cones only C. Both rods and cones B. Rods only D. Horizontal and amacrine cells

A. Cones only

In general, what change in perception occurs as the frequency of a tone increases? A. Pitch gets higher. C. Loudness increases. B. Pitch gets lower. D. Loudness decreases.

A. Pitch gets higher.

Which process is most likely to result in spatial summation? A. Present two or more weak stimuli at the same time. B. Start action potentials at both ends of one axon at the same time C. Do not allow a flexor muscle to relax before stimulating it again. D. Present a rapid sequence of weak stimuli.

A. Present two or more weak stimuli at the same time.

In order to properly digest her food, Viola needs which kind of muscles to move the food through her digestive system? A. Smooth B. Striated C. Cardiac D. Antagonistic

A. Smooth

An inhibitory graded potential is associated with _____. A. hyperpolarization B. depolarization C. spatial summation D. temporal summation

A. hyperpolarization

The parietal lobe is important for the sense of _____. A. touch B. taste C. sight D. sound

A. touch

Which of the following types of drug is a direct agonist? A. Antipsychotic drugs B. Opioids C. MAO inhibitors D. Cocain

B. Opioids

In Parkinson's disease, which pathway in the brain degenerates? A. Basal ganglia to cerebellum C. Cerebellum to spinal cord B. Substantia nigra to caudate nucleus and putamen D. Cerebral cortex to spinal cord

B. Substantia nigra to caudate nucleus and putamen

Which of the following is a direct result of depolarizing the presynaptic membrane of an axon terminal? A. Synaptic vesicles fuse with the membrane B. Voltage-gated calcium channels open C. An EPSP or IPSP is generated in the postsynaptic cell D. Ligand-gated channels open, allowing neurotransmitters to enter the synaptic cleft

B. Voltage-gated calcium channels open

The visual path in the parietal cortex is referred to as the ____. A. ventral stream C. parvocellular pathway B. dorsal stream D. magnocellular pathway

B. dorsal stream

Vibrations in the fluid of the cochlea cause ____. A. movement of the pinna C. vibrations of the eardrum B. hair cells to displace D. vestibular suppression

B. hair cells to displace

Cutting the left optic nerve in front of the optic chiasm would result in blindness in the ____. A. right eye C. right visual field B. left eye D. left visual field

B. left eye

A drug that is called an antagonist has: A. high efficacy and low affinity B. low efficacy and high affinity C. high efficacy and high affinity D. low efficacy and low affinity

B. low efficacy and high affinity

What is the shape of the receptive field to which a simple cell in the primary visual cortex responds? A. Circle of a particular radius C. Bar in a particular orientation B. Circle with a hole in the middle D. Bar of a particular length

C. Bar in a particular orientation

In what order does visual information pass through the retina? A. Receptor cells, ganglion cells, bipolar cells C. Receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells B. Ganglion cells, bipolar cells, receptor cells D. Bipolar cells, receptor cells, ganglion cells

C. Receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells

Which structure provides the main source of input to the cerebral cortex? A. Limbic system B. Medulla C. Thalamus D. Hypothalamus

C. Thalamus

What happens when a neurotransmitter is released by a presynaptic cell? A. It causes calcium to rush into the presynaptic neuron. B. It causes calcium to rush into the postsynaptic neuron. C. The neurotransmitter passively spreads across the synaptic cleft. D. The neurotransmitter is actively transported across the synaptic cleft.

C. The neurotransmitter passively spreads across the synaptic cleft.

An individual with damage to the primary somatosensory cortex would most have problems with ____. A. memory for physical activities C. ability to locate where they are being touched B. the ability to localize the source of odors D. balance and coordination of complex movements

C. ability to locate where they are being touched

As a general rule, axons convey information ____. A. toward dendrites of their own cell B. toward their own cell body C. away from their own cell body D. to surrounding glia

C. away from their own cell body

Touch fibers decussate at the level of the _______, and pain fibers decussate at the level of the _______. A. spinal cord; spinal cord C. medulla; spinal cord B. spinal cord; medulla D. medulla; medulla

C. medulla; spinal cord

The role of the Golgi tendon organs is to ____. A. produce rapid repetitive movements, such as finger tapping B. guard against fatigue of muscles C. prevent extreme muscle contractions D. protect the muscle from being overstretched

C. prevent extreme muscle contractions

Metabotropic effects _____. A. are inhibitory effects on the postsynaptic cell B. influence the speed of conduction by the postsynaptic cell C. produce long-lasting effects on the postsynaptic cell D. control vision and hearing

C. produce long-lasting effects on the postsynaptic cell

The basal ganglia are crucial to ____. A. reflexive movements C. unlearned movements B. involuntary movements D. self-initiated movements

D. self-initiated movements