bio quiziz
what are codons
sets of 3 nitrogen bases in mRNA. Each set codes for an amino acid
Proteins are made of what
amino acids
what is rRNA
(Ribosomal RNA)makes up ribosomes which make proteins from animo acids
what is mRNA
(messenger RNA)moves info in DNA from inside the nucleus to the cytoplasm
what is tRNA
(transfer RNA)transports animo adids to proteins
what are the steps of translation
1) A ribosome holds onto & "reads" the message in mRNA 2)Translation begins at the start codon 3)1st matching tRNA carrying an amino acid attaches to mRNA 4) Next tRNA (w/ 2nd amino acid) attaches to mRNA. 5)The 2nd amino acid is connected to the first by a peptide bond. 6) Steps 4-5 continue until a chain of amino acids (which is a protein) is made
what are the steps of transription
1) an enzyme unzips the dna molecule 2)RNA nucleotides pair with DNA nucleotides exposed from step 1 this makes an RNA strand 3) once the gene is written as mRNA, the mRNA leaves the nucleus carrying the code for making a protein. 4)DNA strands zip back up
what is a gene
a DNA sequence carrying information for making a protein
tRNA molecules have what
anticodon
where does translation happen
cytoplasm
what are two types of nucleotides
dna and rna
difference between dna and rna
dna- double strand, Deoxyribose Sugar A - T & C - G. rna- single strand, Ribose Sugar,A - U & C - G
what is translation
mRNA used by ribosomes to make proteins
what is transcription
making an mRNA copy of a segment of dna
where does transcription happen
nucleus
dna is made up of what
nuleotides
proteins are made where
outside the nucleus
dna is where
stuck in the nucleus