bio102 ch 14- principles of evolution, fill in the blank
The flipper of a seal is homologous with the _____ of a bird, and both of these are homologous with the _____ of a human. The wing of a bird and the wing of a butterfly are described as _____ structures that arose as a result of _____ evolution. Remnants of structures in animals that have no use for them, such as the small hind leg bones of whales, are described as _____ structures.
wing, arm; analogous, convergent; vestigial
Georges Cuvier espoused a concept called _____ to explain layers of rock with embedded fossils. Charles Lyell, building on the work of James Hutton, proposed an alternative explanation called _____, which states that layers of rock and many other geological features can be explained by gradual processes that occurred in the past just as they do in the present. This concept provided important support for evolution because it required that Earth be extremely _____.
catastrophism; uniformitarianism; old
The finding that all organisms share the same genetic code provides evidence that all descended from a(n) _____. Further evidence is provided by the fact that all cells use roughly the same set of _____ to build proteins, and all cells use the molecule _____ as an energy carrier.
common ancestor; amino acids, ATP
The process by which inherited characteristics of populations change over time is called _____. Variability among individuals is the result of chance changes called _____ that occur in the hereditary molecule _____.
evolution; mutations, DNA
Darwin's postulate 2 states that _____. The work of _____ provided the first experimental evidence for this postulate.
many traits are inherited; Gregor Mendel
The process by which individuals with traits that provide an advantage in their natural habitats are more successful at reproducing is called _____. People who breed animals or plants can produce large changes in their characteristics in a relatively short time, a process called _____.
natural selection; artificial selection
