BIO104 Exam 4

Allomyces has an unusual life cycle in that it spends part of its life as a multicellular haploid thallus and part as a multicellular diploid thallus. This life cycle is known as which of the following?

Alterations of generations

Consuming even a single mushroom of the genus ____ can be fatal.

Amanita

The most diverse, successful, and familiar group of plants today are the:

Angiosperms

Puffballs and bracket fungi are most closely related to:

Black bread mold

Which is an example of a member of phylum Zygomycota?

Black bread mold

How do mosses help prevent soil erosion?

form dense colonies

In most developing eudicot seeds, the primary source of nutritive material is in the:

Endosperms

What is a fungal chemical that shows promise as an anticancer agent because of its ability to inhibit the formation of new blood vessels?

Fumagillan

The haploid portion of the life cycle is called the _______________ because it gives rise to haploid gametes by mitosis.

Gametophyte generation

The gametophyte is the dominant stage in the life cycle for which plant groups?

Liverworts

What do the large female cones of a pine tree contain?

Megasporangia

According to the fossil record, the oldest vascular plants are placed in which phylum?

Rhyniophyta

Which genus is used to produce beer and wine?

Saccharomyces

In most fungi, hyphae are divided by cross walls, termed which of the following?

Septa

Modern botanists think that all plants evolved from a common ancestor, an ancient green alga. What is the best explanation for this hypothesis?

Share many biochemical and metabolic traits

When two gametes fuse, the diploid portion of the life cycle is called:

Sporophyte generation

How do mycorrhizae benefit plants?

Increasing the surface area of the roots

A plant with parallel veins and floral parts in threes or multiples of three would be classified as a:

Monocot

Which is the gametophyte form of most liverworts?

Thallus

Plants that have a distinct haploid stage and diploid stage exhibit:

alterations of generations

The haploid gametophytes produce male gametangia known as:

Antheridia

What type of leaf venation do eudicots possess?

Netted

After fertilization in angiosperms, what does the ovule develop into?

A seed

The sac fungi are characterized by sexual reproductive structures called:

Asci

Mushrooms that we eat are technically referred to as:

Basidiocarps

What is the function of the phloem in plants?

Carries dissolved sugars throughout the plant

The cell walls of fungi are composed of:

Cellulous

What are interesting research plants for studies in genetics because they are polyploids and have multiple sets of chromosomes?

Ferns

Most conifers have separate male and female reproductive parts on the same tree. This condition is referred to as:

Monoecious

Which part of a flowering plant is the immature male gametophyte?

Pollen grain

The gametophyte generation of ferns is the:

Prothallus

Each individual gametophyte plant has tiny, hair like absorptive structures known as:

Rhizoids

The endosperm of an angiosperm seed is typically:

Triploid

What is an example of a plant disease caused by a basidiomycete?

Wheat rust

Seed plants produce ovules, each of which is a megasporangium surrounded by:

integument

Which generation is significantly reduced in size and entirely dependent on the sporophyte generation?

Gametophyte

The name conifer comes from the reproductive parts of conifers as they have separate male and female reproductive parts in different locations on the same plant. What is the technical name for the structures bearing these reproductive parts?

Strobili

Which unicellular fungus is probably in most kitchens?

Yeast

The genus Pinus, by far the largest genus in the conifers, consists of about how many species?

100 species

Some liverworts reproduce asexually by forming tiny balls of tissue called:

Gemma

Meiosis occurs forming spores within which structure?

Sporangium

Which plants generally have leaves called needles that are long, narrow, tough, and leathery?

Conifers

A flower that has sepals, petals, and stamens, but lacks carpels, is known as:

Incomplete and imperfect

Why are seeds reproductively superior to spores?

Seeds contain a young plant and are protected by a seed coat

When bread gets moldy with visible black or blue spots, you are looking at masses of the colored:

Spores

What does each male cone's leaflike scales that bear sporangia on the underside consist of?

Sporophylls

Thrush, a painful yeast infection of the mouth, throat and vagina, is caused by a member of the genus:

candida

Gametophytes also produce female gametangia known as:

Archegonia

The club fungi typically reproduce by producing:

Basidia

Yeasts reproduce asexually by:

Budding

Which of the following is the structural and molecular data that indicate that land plants probably descended from a group of green algae?

Charophytes

Like fungi, chytrid cell walls contain which of the following?

Chitin

Lichens reproduce mainly by asexual means, usually by which of the following?

Fragmentation

The sori of most ferns are found on which part of the plant?

Fronds

As a seed develops from an ovule, the ovule wall enlarges and develops into a:

Fruit

In a fungus, a complex multicellular reproductive structure is called a(n):

Fruiting bodies

Which of the following phyla is unusual because it is composed of a single species?

Gingkoes

Many seedless plants produce spores of one morphological type, which is referred to as:

Homospory

Which plant has a jointed hollow stem with reduced megaphylls?

Horsetails

Why are mosses and liverworts limited in size?

Lacks vascular tissue

A key step in the evolution of vascular plants was the ability to produce ____, a strengthening polymer in the walls of cells that provide support and conduction.

Lignin

____ are small leaves with a single vascular strand.

Microphyll

The hypha, a filament that makes up the vegetative body of most fungi, serves which of the following functions?

Nutrient absorption

What is an example of a monocot?

Onion

What is the function of the sepal of a flowering plant?

Protect the bud

When a moss spore lands in a suitable spot, it germinates and grows into a filament of cells called a:

Protonema

How are the sperm of moss transported to the archegonia?

Water and insects

Which vascular tissue in both gymnosperms and flowering plants is for conducting water and dissolved minerals?

Xylem

Which vascular tissue is responsible for conducting water and dissolved minerals in plants?

Xylem

How is the pollen of pine trees primarily disseminated?

wind