BIOL-150 Chapter 8 Quiz

Which of the following statements is representative of the second law of thermodynamics?

Cells require a constant input of energy to maintain their high level of organization

When chemical, transport, or mechanical work is done by an organism, what happens to the heat generated?

It is lost to the environment

Why is ATP an important molecule in metabolism?

It provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions

Which of the following is true for all exergonic reactions?

The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy

Which of the following is (are) true for anabolic pathways?

They consume energy to build up polymers from monomers

Which of the following is an example of potential rather than kinetic energy?

a molecule of glucose

Reactants capable of interacting to form products in a chemical reaction must first overcome a thermodynamic barrier known as the reaction's

activation energy

How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme reaction?

by changing the shape of the enzyme's active site

Zinc, an essential trace element for most organisms, is present in the active site of the enzyme carboxypeptidase. The zinc most likely functions as a(n)

cofactor necessary for enzyme activity

Some of the drugs used to treat HIV patients are competitive inhibitors of the HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme. Unfortunately, the high mutation rate of HIV means that the virus rapidly acquires mutations with amino acid changes that make them resistant to these competitive inhibitors. Where in the reverse transcriptase enzyme would such amino acid changes most likely occur in drug-resistant viruses?

in or near the active site