BIOL 228 - Lecture 1 Exam

Name the 3 layers of the heart wall, from the outermost layer to the innermost layer.

(outermost)epicardium (middle)myocardium (inner)endocardium

Place the following structures in the order in which a drop of blood would travel through the right side of the heart, beginning with the superior and inferior vena cava and ending with the lungs. a. pulmonary arteries b. pulmonary trunk c. right atrioventricular valve d. right atrium e. pulmonary semilunar valve f. right ventricle

(superior and inferior vena cava) d. right atrium c. right atrioventricular valve f. right ventricle e. pulmonary semilunar valve b. pulmonary trunk a. pulmonary arteries (lungs)

The endothelium of the heart is composed of what specific tissue?

endocardium?

Name the blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart (veins or arteries).

arteries

Where does heart pump blood in the systemic circuit?

body

Give 4 or more characteristics of cardiac muscle.

involuntary striated branched single nucleated

Which heart chamber has the thickest wall?

left ventricle

Where does the heart pump blood in the pulmonary circuit?

lungs

Name the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

mitral or bicuspid valve

Blood leaving the left ventricle must pass through which valve?

mitral valve

The muscles that attach to tendinous cords (chordae tendineae) are called:

papillary muscles

What is the purpose of the chordae tendineae?

pull the walls of the ventricles inward during contraction

The superior and inferior vena cava drain blood into which heart chamber?

right atrium

Which carries blood under higher pressure, the systemic circuit or the pulmonary circuit?

systemic

Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves each contain __________ (two/three) cusps and prevent backflow of blood into the _______ (atria/ventricles).

three, ventricles

Name the valve(s) to which the chordae tendineae attach.

tricuspid and mitral valve

Blood leaving the right ventricle must pass through which valve?

tricuspid valve

Name the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

tricuspid valve

Name the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart (veins or arteries).

veins

Match the description listed in column A with the corresponding structure listed in column B. Column A 1. inner portion of the pericardial sac 2. layer of the pericardium that is tightly adhered to the heart. 3. outer portion of the pericardial sac. Column B a. fibrous pericardium b. parietal layer of the serous pericardium c. visceral layer of the serous pericardium

1. c 2. b 3. a

What do we call the layer of the pericardial sac that tightly adheres to the heart?

visceral layer of pericardium or epicardium