Biology 111 Lab Final

Centi

1 x 10 ^ -2

Milli

1 x 10 ^ -3

Micro

1 x 10 ^ -6

Nano

1 x 10 ^ -9

What are the stages of development?

1) Gamete 2) Zygote 3) Morula 4) Blastula 5) Gastrula

What is true about science?

1) It is an orderly process 2) It proceeds by posing and answering questions 3) Results in scientific experiments are repeatable

What role does NADH play in cellular respiration?

1) It powers proton pumps 2) It transfers electrons 3) It is involved in redox reactions

Given the following data set of frog snout-to-ischium (the ischium is a bone in the hip region) lengths (given in cm), what is the range in cm of the data set: 2.51, 1.10, 5.35, 0.79, 4.95, 1.32, 1.82

4.56

You walk 4.5 meters to reach the sink in lab. What is the equivalent number of centimeters?

450.0

In a typical cell cycle, what amount of time is spent in mitosis?

5-10%

What is the difference between a gene and an allele?

Alleles are specific forms of genes, and may be dominant or recessive.

What are the building blocks (monomers) pf an enzyme?

Amino Aacids

If an archer shoots arrows at a target, and all of his arrows hit very nearly the same spot, but the spot is not the bull's eye he was aiming for, what can be concluded about his efforts?

He was precise but not accurate

What is the name of the type of joint found in the elbow?

Hinge

Isotonic

The concentration of solutions is even in both the inside and outside of the cell.

The study of cell structure is known as

cytology

A destroyed enzyme or protein is called

denatured

During DNA isolation, adding ice-cold _________ will cause the DNA to precipitate.

ethanol

Bone attaches to muscle via

tendons

Parcentered

the specimen will remain in the center of the field of view when the objectives are rotated.

Parfocal

the specimen will stay focused when objective lenses are rotated.

What is true about anaerobic respiration?

1) Lactate may be produced 2) Ethanol may be produced 3) The reactions happen in the cytoplasm 4) CO2 is produced

What are the steps in the scientific method?

1) Observation 2) Pose questions 3) Clarify questions 4) Formulate Hypothesis 5) Experiment 6) Analyze Data 7) Repeat Experiment 8) Form a conclusion

When is CO2 released?

1) Oxidation of pyruvate 2) Krebs Cycle

What variables affect the rate of diffusion?

1) Solubillity of molecules 2) Size of molecules 3) Concentration gradient 4) Polarity of molecules

What should be considered in formulating a hypothesis?

1) The possibility the hypothesis will not be supported by the experimental data 2) Prediction 3) The possibility the hypothesis will be supported by the experimental data

What are the functions of albumin?

1) Water source 2) Food source

What affects the rate of an enzyme-driven reaction?

1) pH 2) Temperature 3) Concentration of enzyme 4) Concentration of substrate

Given the following data set of frog snout-to-ischium (the ischium is a bone in the hip region) lengths (given in cm), what is the median in cm of the data set: 2.51, 1.10, 5.35, 0.79, 4.95, 1.32, 1.82

1.82

Given the following data set of frog snout-to-ischium (the ischium is a bone in the hip region) lengths (given in cm), what is the standard deviation of the data set: 2.51, 1.10, 5.35, 0.79, 4.95, 1.32, 1.82

1.86

If your microscope has a 10x ocular lens, and you are observing a specimen using a 10x objective lens, what is the total magnification of your microscope?

100

What is the best resolving power that can be attained with a light microscope?

100x

Given the following data set of frog snout-to-ischium (the ischium is a bone in the hip region) lengths (given in cm), what is the mean in cm of the data set: 2.51, 1.10, 5.35, 0.79, 4.95, 1.32, 1.82

2.55

Given the following data set of frog snout-to-ischium (the ischium is a bone in the hip region) lengths (given in cm), what is the variance of the data set: 2.51, 1.10, 5.35, 0.79, 4.95, 1.32, 1.82

3.47

What is the correct equation for photosynthesis?

6 CO2 + 12 H2O --> C6H1206 + 6 H2O + 6 O2

What is the name of the type of joint found in the hip/

Ball and socket

Which is a human example of codominance?

Blood type

What color is visible if iodine is in the presence of starch ?

Blue-black

Chlorophyll a

Blue-green

How is the plasmolysis of a plant cell in a hypertonic solution different from what would happen to an animal cell in the same solution?

Both plant and animal cells would shrink in hypertonic solutions, but while the whole animal cell would shrink, plant cells would shrink only within boundary of the cell wall.

If the biochemical reactions in a plant were interrupted so that the light reactions could occur, but nothing after the light reactions, including the dark reactions, could occur, what would be the immediate consequence(s) for the plant?

CO2 would not be converted into glucose.

What are some accessory pigment?

Carotene, Xanthophyll

Temperature

Celsius

Salt solution

Cheek cell collection

What is the primary photosynthetic pigment?

Chlorophyll

What does chlorophyll do when wavelengths of light hit it?

Chlorophyll absorbs some wavelengths and reflects other waverlengths.

Mitochondrion

Chloroplast

Organelle of photosynthesis

Chloroplast

Mesoderm

Circulatory system

A Neuron

Compound Microscope

A Think Slice of Bone

Compound Microscope

A White Blood Cell

Compound Microscope

An Amoeba

Compound Microscope

Bacteria

Compound Microscope

Hypotonic

Concentration is less on the outside of the cell; flow of solution is INTO the cell thus causing it to swell and burst.

Hypertonic

Concentration is more on the outside of the cell; flow of solution is OUT of the cell thus causing it to shrivel and shrink.

________ is defined as mass divided by volume.

Density

The material used in this lab to stimulate the permeability of a cell membrane is ________ tubing.

Dialysis

A Pine Cone

Dissecting Scope

A Snail Shell

Dissecting Scope

An Intact Bone

Dissecting Scope

Presidential Lincoln in his Monument on the Back of a Penny

Dissecting Scope

For a reaction to happen, an energy hill that normally prevents the reaction from occuring must be overcome. What is the effect of an enzyme on that energy hill?

Enzymes decrease the energy hill.

During which season might we see accessory pigments?

Fall

ATP is formed during the oxidation of pyruvate.

False

Biotechnology is a new science.

False

Bones are held together by tendons.

False

Brownian movement moves molecules from low to high concentration.

False

Individual chromosomes are visible with a light microscope during interphase.

False

Individual genes are visible with a light microscope during mitosis.

False

Scientists are the only individuals who use the scientific method.

False

The active site is located on the substrate.

False

The blastula is 64 times larger than a fertilized egg.

False

The cells produced in oogenesis are equal in size.

False

The formula for Rf = distance from pigment origin to the solvent front divided by the distance that the pigment moved

False

The terms magnification and resolution can be used interchangeably.

False

To flex a muscle is to straighten the muscle.

False

When focusing a slide, one should begin with the high power objective and work down to the scanning objective.

False

When are the germ layers established?

Gastrulation

The manipulation of genes is known as ___________.

Genetic Engineering

_______ is the molecule that is the starting point for aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Glucose

Mass

Grams

If you swim too many laps at once. your _____ muscle in your arm might be sore.

Latissimus

What is the only material that should be used to clean the lenses of a microscope?

Lens paper

Endoderm

Lining of the digestive tract

Volume

Liter

What would make it clear that a recessive trait is carried on the X chromosome in humans?

Many more males would show the trait compared to females.

Length

Meter

Ectoderm

Nervous system

Do organisms directly use the energy stored in food (without converting it)?

No

What do the cells of the vegetal pole give rise to?

Nutrient source

What is the difference between osmosis and diffusion?

Osmosis involves the movement of water; diffusion involves the movement of a solute.

Which does not represent a grouping of cyanobacteria?

Paramecium

Do most enzymes consist of carbohydrate, protein, or lipid?

Protein

Meat tenderizer

Protein digestion

Dishwashing detergent

Release DNA into solution

What will chromatography do to the pigments in the plant extract?

Seperate the pigments

The process of _______ enhances the visibility of a specimen under microscopic examination.

Staining

Allow gas diffusion

Stomata

Matrix

Stroma

Semiliquid with enzymes for light dependent reactions

Stroma

What is the name of the type of joint that holds the bones of the skul together?

Suture

What does it mean if a microscope is parfocal and parcentered?

The image will stay focused and centered if the objective lens is rotated.

How will the distributin of molecules occur when diffusion is complete in a solution?

The molecules will be distributed evenly in a solution.

How can fermentation aid food preservation?

The process acidifies the pH, which prevents microbes from growing.

Would a reaction that is normally enzyme-driven ever occur if enzyme was removed?

The reaction would occur much more slowly.

Why does the expression of cellular respiration as one summary equation not tell the whole story?

There are many steps in cellular respiration.

What is the role of an accessory pigment?

They transfer energy to primary pigments and absorb wavelengths beyond chlorophyll's range.

Cristae

Thylakoid

Membrane with enzyme complexes

Thylakoid

Phenolphthalein turns red in a basic solution.

True

When is meiosis 2 completed in an egg?

When the egg is fertilized

Xanthophyll

Yellow

Chlorophyll b

Yellow-green

Carotene

Yellow-orange

What would contain lactobacilli

Yogurt

What is the energy hill called that reactants must overcome to become products?

activation energy

An alternate form of a gene is an

allele

Which suffix usually makes up the end of an enzyme's name?

ase

When you do a pull-up, you are promarily using your ________ muscle.

biceps

Earl cleavage results in the formation of a hollow ball of cells known as the _______.

blastula

An intermediate phenotype indicates that a trait has ______ dominance.

incomplete

The _______ hypothesis states there will be no difference between the control and experimental groups in an experiment.

null

In a well-designed experiment, only ______ treatment variable that differs between the control and experimental group is tested.

one

If a membrane allows some molecules to pass, it is called semi or differentially _________

permeable

Cold ethanol

precipitate DNA

Meiosis in flowering plants occur in the ovary in the female plant and in the ______ of the male plant.

stamen