Biology 2 - Quiz 6

Which statement describes a virulent phage?

A virulent phage destroys bacteria.

Which statement about bacteria is TRUE?

Bacteria are cellular and are classified as life forms.

How are viruses classified?

By their host range and other characteristics

T/F: Bacterial chemoautotrophs use organic chemicals as an energy source.

False

T/F: Transformation, conjugation, and transduction are forms of vertical gene transfer for prokaryotes.

False

T/F: Bacteria protect themselves from bacteriophage infections by producing restriction enzymes that cut up foreign RNA of the phage.

False; DNA not RNA

What is the purpose of sex pili?

To transmit DNA between bacteria

T/F: A virus is a very small infective agent that consists of a core of nucleic acid and is dependent on a living host.

True

T/F: Bacterial plasmids often have genes that code for genetic exchange or antibiotic resistance.

True

T/F: Conjugation is the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact.

True

T/F: Horizontal gene transfer greatly contributes to the rapid evolution that takes place in prokaryotes.

True

T/F: Lytic reproductive cycles destroy host cells.

True

Which statement about viruses is FALSE?

Viruses can manufacture proteins

Plasmids of bacteria often have genes involved in:

antibiotic resistance

At what stage of a lytic infection are phage components put together to make new viruses?

assembly

Before an animal cell's membrane fuses with a virus, the virus must first:

attach to a specific receptor on the plasma membrane of the host cell

Another name for horizontal gene transfer is (blank)

lateral gene transfer

What type of conversion occurs when a bacterium carrying viral genes takes on new, atypical characteristics?

lysogenic

What is the correct unit of measurement for the size of most viruses?

nanometers

When a virus penetrates the host plasma membrane and moves into the cytoplasm it is called:

penetration

Which of the following typically occurs all at once and results in rapid cell lysis?

phage release

What are the viruses that attack bacteria?

phages

What are the small circles of DNA that exist within the bacterial cytoplasm in addition to the bacterial chromosome?

plasmids

What is a chain of round bacteria called?

streptococci

Peptidoglycan consists of:

sugars crosslinked with proteins

Some bacteria avoid being phagocytized by a host's immune system by means of:

their capsule or slime layer

Which characteristic defines a virus?

viruses cannot metabolize

What is the protein coat of a virus called?

capsid

A bacterium that uses the oxidation of inorganic compounds to provide energy for manufacturing nutritious organic compounds is a:

chemoautotroph

Small hairlike structures made up of protein on the surface of bacteria are called:

fimbriae