Biology 205 : Chapter 5 ( Integumentary system )

Stratum Granulosum

"Grainy layer* 3-5 layers of Keratinocytes most cells *stop dividing here* & start making *keratin* plasma membrane thickens, organelles disintegrate , cell dies PROTEIN LAYER FORMS #3

Stratum Basale(germanitivum)

- Kerantinocytes undergo *mitosis* ever *19 days* columnar cells *melanocytes* located here secrete basement lamina #1

Stratum Corneum

-25+ layers of *dead cornified* cells (SURFACE LAYER) Soft keratin - skin hard keratin- hair *fat soluble* will diffuse through this layer

Apocrine

Body odor empty into hair follicle lactation is this type of secretion

ear wax

Cerumen is produced by glands located in the __________.

Cleavage lines

Collagen & elastin fibers arranged in bundles oriented to resist forces applied to skin during normal movement are called _______ lines

Dermis

Dense Irregular connective tissue 2 layers : *Reticular* & *Papillary* Macrophages

Merkel cells

Found in Skin surfaces that *lack hair* combines with *tactile* disc , sensitive to touch when compressed , release chemicals

Stratum lucidum

Found only in "thick" skin , appears glassy transparanet thin layer covers *palms and soles* #4

Stratum basale,

In which layers of the epidermis do mitotic divisions occur?

Papillary layer

Layer that gives *finger & foot prints* Consist of *Aerolar* tissue contains: capillaries, lymphatic vessels, sensory neurons papillae provide *grip* and *friction* # 2

Reticular Layer

Lies *deep* to Papillary layer contains: Collagen and elastic fibers Accessory structures: hair follicles, sweat glands, *blood vessels* and *nerves*

palms of hand

Merocrine sweat glands are most abundant in the __________.

Stratum Spinosum

Named for appearance on slides 8-10 layers *keratin* production little cell division contain *langerhans cells* ( defense against superficial penetration)

Cutaneous plexus

Plexus lies along border of hypodermis w/ reticular layer of dermis tributaries of arteries supply *adipose tissues of subcutaneous*

subpapillary plexus

Plexus provides arterial *blood* to capillary loops that follow the contours of the *epidermis-dermis boundary*

Reticular layer

The dermal layer primarily responsible for the strength of the skin is the __________ layer.

Stratum Corneum

The epidermal layer that consists almost entirely of keratin is the __________ #5

Stratum Corneum & Stratum lucidum

The epidermis has several layers. Which layers of the epidermis would be different in thick skin compared to a sample of thin skin?

areolar and dense irregular connective

The hypodermis is composed of __________ tissues.

B.)germinativum, spinosum, granulosum, corneum

The layers of the epidermis, beginning with the deepest layer and proceeding outward, include the strata __________. A.) spinosum, germinativum, corneum, granulosum B.)germinativum, spinosum, granulosum, corneum C.)granulosum, spinosum, germinativum, corneum D.)corneum, granulosum, spinosum, germinativum

Dermal papilla

The skin layer just beneath the stratum basale is the __________ layer.

Stratum lucidum

Which epidermal layer is found only in thick skin? #4

The melanocytes grow rapidly and metastasize through the lymphatic system.

Why are malignant melanomas extremely dangerous and life-threatening?

Merocrine

also called *Eccrine* empty onto skin surface temp regulation type of serous secretion