Biology 4.1

Carbohydrates role in ATP production.

Carbohydrates, especially the simple sugar glucose , are most commonly broken down to make ATP.

Which types of carbon-based molecules can be broken down to make ATP?

Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

Four parts of the relationship of ATP and ADP.

1. Energy carried by ATP is released. 2. 3rd phosphate group removed by chemical reaction. 3. ATP converted to ADP. 4. ADP changed back to ATP by the addition of another phosphate.

What is ADP?

A lower-energy molecule that can be changed back into ATP by the addition of another phosphate group.

The prefix tri- means "three", and the prefix di- means "two". How do these prefixes tell you the difference between adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)?

ATP has 3 phosphate groups and ADP has 2 phosphate groups.

What is the relationship between ATP and ADP?

ATP is converted into ADP and ADP can be changed back to ATP by the addition of a phosphate group.

what is the function of ATP?

ATP transfers energy from the breakdown of molecules in food to cell processes.

What do all cells use for energy?

ATP.

What is ATP?

Chemical energy used by cells carried in a molecule.

The prefix chemo- means "chemical", and synthesis comes from a greek word that means "to put together". How do these meanings tell you what chemosynthesis means?

Chemosynthesis, using chemicals, puts together food for the organism.

What is chemosynthesis?

Organisms that survive without light can make their own food molecules through a process called Chemosynthesis.

Proteins role in ATP production.

Proteins are the molecules least likely to be broken down, but they store about the same amount of energy as carbohydrates.

Lipids role in ATP production.

The breakdown of a lipid produces many more ATP molecules that does the breakdown of a sugar.