Biology 5.3
A human egg cell has ___ chromosomes.
23
A human zygote has ____ chromosomes.
46
Organisms that have a life cycle with _________ generations switch back and forth between diploid and haploid stages.
Alternation
Involves a single parent
Asexual
The ________ life cycle is the simplest life cycle.
Asexual
Binary fission, fragmentation, and ___________ are types of asexual reproduction.
Budding
involves two parents
Sexual
Male gametes are called ______, and female gametes are a(n) ______ cell.
Sperm and Egg
T or F "Crossing-over" can occur in meiosis I but not meiosis II.
True
T or F In binary fission, parent and offspring are identical.
True
T or F In humans, a gamete will have 23 chromosomes.
True
T or F In sexual reproduction, parents and offspring are never identical.
True
T or F Meiosis is involved in the production of gametes.
True
T or F Meiosis starts with one cell and ends with four.
True
T or F Sexual reproduction always involves two parents.
True
T or F Starfish can reproduce by fragmentation - that is, a whole new fish can grow from just a single arm.
True
T or FA zygote is the first cell of a new organism.
True
Sexual reproduction involves _____ parents.
Two
Zygote
a diploid cell
Egg
a haploid cell
Haploid
having half the number of chromosomes
Diploid
having twice the number of chromosomes
Gametogenesis
he development of haploid cells into gametes
Gametes
reproductive cells that unite to form an offspring
Life Cycle
series of life stages and events of a sexually reproducing organism
Fertilization
the process in which two gametes unite
Crossing-Over
the swapping of genetic material during meiosis
During ________, spindle fibers attach to the paired homologous chromosomes.
Prophase 1
T or F Egg and sperm are diploid gametes.
False Egg sperm are always haploid gametes.
T or F Asexual reproduction always involves two parents.
False, Asexual reproduction only involves one parent
T or F The basic types of reproduction are asexual reproduction, binary reproduction and sexual reproduction.
False, Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction.
T or F Gametes are diploid, a zygote is haploid.
False, Just the opposite. the gametes are HAPLOID and the zygote is DIPLOID.
T or F Meiosis I and mitosis are very similar.
False, Meiosis II and mitosis are similar
T or F Prokaryotes go through meiosis I and eukaryotes go through meiosis II.
False, Prokaryotes do NOT carry out meiosis. Eukaryotes undergo both meiosis I and meiosis II in order to make gametes.
Meiosis begins with one cell, and ends with ______ cells.
Four
Crossing-over is the exchange of ________ material between homologous chromosomes.
Genetic
Meiosis is a type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by _____
Half
When cells divide during meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter cells, and different chromosomes segregate ________ of each other.
Independently
a type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half
Meiosis
