Biology - 7th - Class Notes - Animal Kingdom
What is a zygote?
A fertilized egg
What do animals begin their life as?
A fertilized egg called a zygote
What is segmentation?
Advanced animals that have a body segment and specialization of tissue
What is cephalization?
An Interior concentration of scent organs
What are asymmetrical animals?
Animals that are irregularly shaped
What are filter-feeders?
Aquatic animals that strain food from water
What are examples of animals in the Mollusca phylum?
Clams, Squid, snails
What do some invertebrates have to help control different body parts?
Clusters of nerve cells called ganglia
How do animals circulate?
Diffusion or a circulatory system
What are examples of animals from the Annelida phylum?
Earth worms and segmented worms
What do all animals have, except for sponges, that helps them respond?
Fibers called nerves that carry signals to control body movements
What are examples of animals from the Platyhelminthes phylum?
Flatworms
where is the interior of an animal?
Head region
What are examples of animals in the Chordata phylum?
Includes are animals with vertebrate
What is radial symmetry?
It can be divided along any plane through a central access into equal halves shaped like a wheel
What does the phylum, PORIFERA, mean?
It means "having spores" Ex. Sponges
Where do animals breathe?
Lungs, gills, skin
What are simple invertebrates?
Nerves arranged in networks or in nerve rings
What is asymmetrical symmetry?
No patterns
What is excretion?
Process by which waste products are eliminated from blood, tissues or organs
What are examples of animals from the Nematoda phylum?
Round worms
What are examples of animals from Cnidaria phylum?
Sea anemones Jelly fish Hydra Coral
What are examples of animals in the Echinodermata phylum?
Starfish
What are examples of animals with radial symmetry?
Starfish and Jellyfish
Where is the posterior of an animal?
Tail region
What is respiration?
Taking in Oxygen and giving off Carbon Dioxide
What is digestion?
The breakdown of food into smaller components that are more easy to be absorbed into the bloodstream
What is ingestion?
The consumption of a substance by an organism
What happens when animals become more complex?
The more pronounced their cephalization becomes
What is assimilation?
The process by which simple nutrients are taken in by different organs and used for different purposes
What is absorption?
The process of taking up material by a living organism into the bloodstream
what is Zoology?
The study of animals
What is Physiology?
The study of functions of organs
What is Anatomy?
The study of the structure of the organs
What is different about animals that have simple invertebrates?
They do not have a head or a brain
How do many vertebrates increase their numbers rapidly?
They reproduce asexually although most reproduce sexually
Do most animals move?
Yes
What are symmetrical animals?
animals that are regularly shaped
Where is the dorsal on an animal?
backside
Where is the ventral on an animal?
bellyside
What is bilateral symmetry?
has a right and left side
What are examples of animals with bilateral symmetry?
humans, insects and cats
What are the characteristics of animals?
multi celled sexual reproduction specialized cells movement heterotroph endotherm ectotherm Eukaryotic Lack cell walls 95% are invertebrates 5% are vertebrate
What are examples of animals from the Arthropoda phylum?
spiders, millepedes, shrimp, crabs, lobster
What are examples of animals that are asymmetrical?
sponge and coral
What is egestion?
the act of discharging undigested and waste material from a cell
Which body parts do animals that have bilateral symmetry have?
1. Dorsal 2. Ventral 3. Interior 4. Posterior
What are the 7 essential animal functions?
1. Feeding 2. Respiration 3. Circulation 4. Excretion 5. Response 6. Movement 7. Reproduction
What are the 5 steps of feeding?
1. Ingestion 2. Digestion 3. Absorption 4. Assimilation 5. Egestion
What are the 9 major animal phyla?
1. Porifera 2. Cnidaria 3. Platyhelminthes 4. Nematoda 5. Annelida 6. Arthropoda 7. Mollusca 8. Chordata 9. Echinodermata
How do animals respond?
1. Receptor cells respond to external stimuli: sound, light, smell and touch
What is special about the Arthropoda phylum?
1. largest phylum in the kingdom 2. Contains the most number of species
