Biology A - Cells in Organisms

Why do creation scientists believe that God created the "cell"?

-because the complex organic chemicals of life can only be produced within and by the direction of a cell. -because the known principles of chemistry do not support evolution -because the proper organic chemicals found in cells cannot form spontaneously or remain in the presence of the earth's atmosphere

organ level

A degree of organism complexity. Organisms at this level have their cells arranged into organs.

system level

A degree of organism complexity. Organisms at this level have their cells arranged into systems.

tissue level

A degree of organism complexity. Organisms at this level have their cells arranged into tissues.

cellular level

A degree of organism complexity. Organisms in this level are either unicellular or colonial.

Tissue

A group of cells working together to perform a particular task.

System

A group of organs working together for a common purpose.

Organ

A group of tissues working together as a unit for a particular purpose in the body.

muscle fiber

A very long, contracting cell which makes up the muscles of our body.

T or F: A unicellular alga is specialized.

False

T or F: No cell is "simple."

False

T or F: Since all muscle cells are specialized, they are necessarily identical.

False

________are the highest level of cellular organization.

Organisms

colonial

Organisms that live in a group called a colony.

organism level

The highest level of complexity of a living thing in which the systems work together for the good of the whole. Any living thing must be considered to have reached this level.

Specialization

The limiting of the function of a cell to a specific function.

division of labor

The work being divided up into specialized tasks as in a cell or a society.

T or F: An "organism" is considered the highest level of organization of cells, yet it is also found at the lowest level of cellular organization.

True

T or F: Some organisms consist of just one cell.

True

A functioning organisms:

can be a plant or animal must possess interrelated systems can be unicellular

keeps tissues involved alive, provides oxygen for energy for motion

enthyrocyte

Which of the following is a system operation in amoeba?

excretion

If a particular biological amino acid, protein, or DNA could accidentally form by chance, it could wait around for millions of years (remain stable) while ALL the hundreds of other necessary cellular chemicals were also being formed by accident. because:

false biological chemicals are unstable

keeps the tissues involved free of disease

leukocyte

causes the actual contraction of muscles to raise leg

muscle fiber

sends message from brain to move up

neuron

Two or more tissues which cooperate as a unit are considered a(n) ________.

organ

A functional plant or animal, existing through the cooperative organization of interrelated systems, is called a(n) _____.

organism

Some leukocytes absorb entire bacteria by the process of ________.

phagocytosis

Which statements describe organisms referred to as "colonial"?

similar bacteria or protozoa which group together

Multicellular organisms exhibit a division of labor among cells known as ______.

specialization

Multiple organs which are engaged in a specific process form a(n) ________.

system

The highest level of cellular organization requires the cooperation of multiple ________.

systems

differentiation strategy

the maturation of a cell for a specific function

A particular function performed by an arrangement of similar cells is characteristic of ______.

tissues