Biology
What did the Human Microbiome Project demonstrate?
A person walking through a room will leave behind millions of individual microbes from hundreds of species.
Identify the parts of the phylogenetic tree.
Branch, Node, Root
Which one is from the field of biogeography?
Two closely related, but distinct, species of squirrels inhabit the north and south rims of the Grand Canyon.
What did Carl Woese use to group organisms into three distinct domains?
the sequence of an rRNA molecule
Which statement is the definition of biogeography?
the study of species distributions across the planet
Which term is not present in bryophytes?
xylem cells
Seed plants
- Produce seeds - transport of water through xylem. - Independent on water for reproduction
Mosses
- Transform of water by diffusion - Limited to small sizes - Dependent on water for reproduction.
3. How do homologous and vestigial structures support the theory of evolution? What are some examples of b oth homologous and vestigial structures?
A basic structure inherited from a common ancestor may evolve different variations in different species. .similar structures which share a common ancestry, despite their differences in function.
Select the statement that correctly describes the evolutionary relationships among the domains of life.
Archaea and Eukarya are more genetically similar than Archaea and Bacteria.
Cocci
Circle
Place the taxonomic ranks in the correct order from the most general rank to the most specific rank
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Select all the domains of life.
Eukarya Archaea Bacteria
What is the primary difference between bacterial and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have membrane‑bound compartments called organelles, whereas bacterial cells do not.
How do scientists use fossils to draw conclusions about the evolution of life on Earth?
Fossils can be dated, providing a timeline for when certain types of life existed on Earth.
Why is the Archaea domain closer to Eukarya than Bacteria?
Genetically, the Archaea are more similar to Eukarya than Bacteria
Unique to eukaryotic cells
Golgi apparatus Nuclear Membrane Mitochondrion.
What symmetry do starfish and jellyfish have?
Radial symmetry.
Which statement accurately describes radiometric dating?
Radiometric dating uses isotopes to determine the age of fossils and rocks on a scale of absolute time.
What do birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish all have in common?
They all share a common ancestor with the echinoderms.
Which of the following is true about nonvascular plants?
They are small and low to the ground.
How do these plants contribute to nitrogen levels in the soil?
They house nitrogen‑fixing cyanobacteria in their tissues.
Movement in the animal kingdom first evolved along with
a body plan that had symmetry.
What is a pathogen?
a microorganism or virus that infects a host organism and is capable of causing a disease in the host organism
A vestigial structure is
a previously beneficial structure that no longer serves an adaptive purpose
The Cambrian explosion was
a sudden increase in the diversity of animal life as complex organisms evolved.
According to their numbers, what are the most successful animals on the planet?
arthropods
What type of body symmetry is found in animals that can move swiftly?
bilateral
Which statement describes all organisms that are extremophiles?
can survive in extreme environments
The absence of membrane-bound organelles in a cell tells you that the cell must be
either from a member of the domain Bacteria or from a member of the domain Archaea.
Which feature makes angiosperms different from all the other types of plants?
flowers
Which trait is one of the defining characteristics of all mammals?
hair
Which are members of the tetrapod clade?
hawks whales
Bacilli
hot dog shaped
Heterotroph
organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer
What was responsible for enriching Earth's atmosphere with oxygen?
photosynthesis by cyanobacteria
Evolution of pollen and seeds were key evolutionary milestones that allowed for
plants to succeed and diversify on land.
Autotrophs
producers
What are extreme thermophiles?
prokaryotes that thrive in extremely hot environments, such as boiling hot springs
Chemicals produced by plants that are not directly involved in growth or reproduction but that help protect the plant by their impacts on other organisms are called _____.
secondary metabolites
A vascular system is the
specialized plant tissues that transport water and nutrients
Spiral‑shaped
spiral shaped