Biology chapter 33.3 Questions

Smoking can cause

Emphysema, lung cancer, and chronic bronchitis

Explain how a molecule of Oxygen flowing through the respiratory system is like a commuter driving home from work.

For commuters, when they drive back to home from work, they need to go through small passageways in the human body

Describe the effects of smoking on the respiratory system

Increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Damages cilia in the lungs. Reduces airflow

When you exhale, the diaphragm....

Relaxes, decreasing the volume of the chest cavity

CO, a poisonous gas, binds to hemoglobin more easily than O2 does. Based on this information, why do you think that CO alarms in homes have saved many lives.

Since carbon monoxide is odorless and colorless, it is very hard to detect. The alarm warns of higher levels which allows families to get help before it is too late.

Explain the process of breathing

Movements of the diaphragm and rib cage change air pressure in the chest cavity during inhalation and exhalation. During inhalation, the rib cage rises and the diaphragm contracts, increasing the size of the chest cavity. During exhalation, the rib cage lowers and the diaphragm relaxes, decreasing the size of the chest cavity. When the size of the chest cavity increases, the pressure lowers. The pressure outside is high causing it to flow easy

People with emphysema cannot exhale as much CO2 as people with healthy lungs can. Why do you think this leaves them short of breath.

Not all of the carbon dioxide gets out of the lungs so not as much oxygen can be let it

A structure that serves as a passageway for both air and food is the...

Pharynx

The brain's breathing center responds to the level of CO2 in the blood, not the level of O2. What consequences could this have for people at high altitudes, where O2 levels are low.

You would gasp for air to get more oxygen. At high altitude, won't get as much oxygen as you need causing you to pass out

Because there is more oxygen in the alveoli than in the surrounding blood, oxygen diffuses from the...

alveoli in the blood

Explain the function of the respiratory system.

The respiratory system's primary function is to supply oxygen to all the parts of your body. It accomplishes this through breathing: inhaling oxygen-rich air and exhaling air filled with carbon dioxide, which is a waste gas.

Hairs lining the entrance to the nasal cavity function to...

Trap large particles in the air to prevent them from getting into lungs

Describe the process of gas exchange from the lungs

Gas exchange is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs. It occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which are located in the walls of the alveoli.