Biology chapter 4-6

Which of the following is absolutely necessary for diffusion to occur

A concentration difference between two areas

Osmosis requires:

A differentially permeable membrane

According to the fluid mosaic model a cell membrane is assembled from

A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

If the election transport chain stopped during photosynthesis what would be the direct result

ATP would not be produced

Which part of an enzyme binds to it's substrate

Active site

What process uses energy to move a substance from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

Active transport

ATP is made up of

Adenine, ribose, and three phosphates

You observe a cell that has lysosomes and a nucleus but no chloroplasts based on these observations you can conclude that the cell is most likely of what kind

Animal cell

The major goal of the Calvin cycle is to produce what material

Carbohydrate

During the process of photosynthesis which of the following products are formed

Carbohydrate and oxygen

In the figure above what does a represent

Carbon dioxide

In a study of the raw materials used for photosynthesis what two kinds if molecules would be studied

Carbon dioxide and water

What is the effect of burning trees on atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide levels increase because trace would ordinarily absorb carbon dioxide

The Calvin cycle is directly dependent upon a supply of

Carbon dioxide, NADPH and ATP

Why is the cell wall important when a plant cell is placed into a hypotonic solution

Cell wall prevents the cell from bursting

What is the cell structure marked a on the plant cell diagram

Central vacuole

What is the cell structure marked e on the animal cell diagram

Centrioles

A biologist is studying the formation of carbohydrate during photosynthesis so the best part of the chloroplast to study would be what

Chloroplast stroma

The substance that initially traps solar energy is photosynthesis is

Chlorphyll

Which cytoskeleton structures on the lining of the respiratory tract are needed to sweep dust and debris away

Cilia

If a membrane only allows certain types of substances to go through then the membrane is said to be what kind

Differentially permeable

Which organelle is physically connected to the nuclear envelope

Endoplasmic reticulum

Which theory states that the chloroplast and mitochondria are formed due to a eukaryotic cell engulfing prokaryotic cells

Endosymbiosis theory

Which of the following states the first law of thermodynamics

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Which is the process by which newly made proteins are secreted out of an animal cell

Exocytosis

When solute molecules pass through the membrane using a carrier protein without any energy input it is referred to as

Facilitated diffusion

In photosynthesis which of the following molecules will be directly converted into glucose and other organic molecules

G3P

A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will

Gain water

What is the cell structure marked c on the animal cell diagram

Golgi apparatus

Which organelle is responsible for processing, packing, and the secretion of proteins

Golgi apparatus

What does c represent in the diagram of the plasma membrane

Hydrophilic heads

Water is split and oxygen is released during which process in photosynthesis

Light reactions

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will

Lose water

Where inside an animal cell would engulfed bacteria, debris and macromolecules be broken down?

Lysosomes

This figure shows a cross section of a typical plant leaf what does c represent

Mesophyll

What is the cell structure marked b on the animal cell diagram

Mitochondria

Which organelle acts as the powerhouse of the cell

Mitochondria

What is(are) the end product(s) of the light reaction in photosynthesis

NADPH and ATP

A scientist studies a dark region inside the nucleus where rRNA joins with ribosomes. Which structure is this

Nucleolus

It would be a great surprise to find which of the following structures in prokaryotic cell

Nucleus

What part if the light reactions starts off photosynthesis

Photo system 2

Which process imports liquid and very small particles into cells

Pinocytosis

based on observations that a cell has a nucleus, a cell wall, and a large central vacuole, you can conclude that this cell is most likely a(n)

Plant cell

Why are the cristae important in the inner membrane of mitochondria

Provide larger surface area for ATP synthesis

What is the cell structure marked a on the animal cell diagram

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

This figure shows a cross section of a typical plant leaf what does d represent

Stoma

In human intestinal cells what specialized feature increase the surface area to volume ratio and allows increase absorption of materials

Surface folds called microvilli

Is a poison specifically destroyed the ribosomes of a cell shat is the main reason that the cell would die

The cell would not be able to make any new proteins

What model proposes that enzymes slightly alter their shape to bind to a substrate

The induced fit model

How can enzymes speed up chemical reactions

The lower the activation energy needed for the reaction

Which of the following statements would disqualify and organism as an autotroph

They must take in organic matter to make energy

This figure shows a plant chloroplast what does d represent

Thylakoid membrane

What is the function of the cell structure marked b on the plant cell diagram

To convert light energy into chemical energy

Why is water split during photosynthesis

To replace the electron lost in photosystem 2

What is the function of the cell structure marked a on the plant cell diagram

To store water and wastes

The methods of turning ADP into ATP is called cemiosmosis because ATP production is tied to a hydrogen ion gradient across the membrane

True

True or False: if an enzymes was denatured it would no longer bind efficiently with its substrate efficiency

True

In the figure what part of the leaf is indicated by b

Upped epidermis

The reason that deciduous leaves turn red and yellow in the fall is

When chlorophyll breaks down the red and yellow pigments which are already present become visible

The basic unit of structure and function for all life is the

cell.