Biology Chapter 4 Quiz

Which cellular organelle is required for photosynthesis to occur in eukaryotic cells?

chloroplast

The contractile vacuole _____.

eliminates excess water from the cytoplasm of freshwater protists

Which of the following structures is directly involved in the passage of electrical signals between cells as, for example, in the vertebrate heart?

gap junctions

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both _____; they are different in that chloroplasts, but not mitochondria, _____.

have a double membrane ... carry out photosynthesis

The maximum size of a cell is limited by _____.

its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment

The nucleolus _____.

manufactures ribosomes

The protein actin is a component of a(n) _____.

microfilament

The internal skeleton of a cell is composed of _____.

microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments

Most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell is in the _____.

nucleus

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.

secrete a lot of material

What are the limits on which maximum cell size depends?

surface-to-volume ratio

To enter or leave any cell, substances must pass through _____.

the plasma membrane

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why?

The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.

Peroxisomes are organelles that are involved in the _____.

breakdown of fatty acids

The function of the chloroplast is to _____.

convert light energy to chemical energy

Which of the following are stored in the lysosomes of the cell?

digestive enzymes

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they _____.

lack a nucleus

Digestive cells produce many enzymes that break down ingested food. These cells have a large number of ribosomes _____.

on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Flagella and cilia are both composed of tubulin subunits. However, key differences can be observed. For example, _____.

only cilia move as a coordinated team

In plants, _____ are the cell junctions that allow the free exchange of small molecules that assist in communication. In animal cells, similar cell junctions are known as _____.

plasmodesmata ... gap junctions

Which of the following structures is/are found in prokaryotic cells?

ribosomes

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually used to build a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____.

Golgi apparatus