Biology Chapter 5

Whether a molecule can cross the plasma membrane depends upon the size of the molecule. the shape of the molecule. the polarity of the molecule. the charge of the molecule. All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

An isotonic solution means that the solute concentration outside the cell: Is much greater than inside the cell Is slightly less than inside the cell Is much less than inside the cell Is slightly greater than inside the cell Is same as inside the cell

Is same as inside the cell

Which if the following is not true of the nature of the plasma membrane? It is fluid in nature. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer embedded with various proteins. Carbohydrates on the surface of the membrane act as cell identification markers or ID tags Membrane lipids carry out most of its functions such as transport, communication and cell identification. It is selectively permeable.

Membrane lipids carry out most of its functions such as transport, communication and cell identification.

Which of the following is not true of the plasma membrane of cells? It is selectively permeable and allows only certain molecules to pass through it. It is composed primarily of lipid and protein which carbohydrate chains attached to the surface. It is fluid in nature due to the unsaturated fatty acids of the phospholipids. Phospholipids of the plasma membrane orient themselves to form a bilayer because the polar heads are hydrophobic and the fatty acid tails are hydrophilic. The major functions of the membrane are carried out by proteins.

Phospholipids of the plasma membrane orient themselves to form a bilayer because the polar heads are hydrophobic and the fatty acid tails are hydrophilic.

Which is the correct association of protein types in the plasma membrane? Carrier proteins - carry out metabolic reactions of the surface of the membrane Receptor proteins - have a binding site for a signal molecule so cells can communicate Enzymatic proteins - allow cells to recognize self from foreign invaders. Cell recognition proteins - help substance move across the cell membrane Channel proteins- help to bind cells together to form tissues.

Receptor proteins - have a binding site for a signal molecule so cells can communicate

Which statement is correct concerning movement of molecules across the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. Polar molecules pass through easily. Small nonpolar molecules pass through easily. Large molecules pass through easily. Charged molecules pass through easily.

Small nonpolar molecules pass through easily.

When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution the cell wall prevents what from occurring? Diffusion Active transport The cell from bursting The cell from shrinking Creanation

The cell from bursting

If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, which will occur? Salts will move out of the cell and the cell will shrivel. Water will move out of the cell and the cell will shrivel Salts will move into the cell and the cell will swell and burst. Water will move into the cell and the cell will swell and burst. None of the choices will occur.

Water will move out of the cell and the cell will shrivel

Glucose is pumped by a transport protein into liver cells to be stored as glycogen even though the concentration is higher on the inside. This requires ATP and is an example of: diffusion. active transport. osmosis. facilitated diffusion. endocytosis.

active transport

When a substance moves from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration while using energy, the process is termed: Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated diffusion Pinocytosis Active transport

active transport

The sodium-potassium pump moves sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane using a carrier protein with two binding sites and ATP. This is an example of: facilitated transport. active transport. cotransport. endocytosis. excocytosis.

active transport.

The carbohydrate chains projecting from the plasma membrane are involved in: selecting what enters or leaves a cell. connecting cell together to at junctions moving molecule into cells. cell-to-cell recoginition. energy storage.

cell-to-cell recoginition.

Which of the following molecules add stiffness and strength to the plasma membrane? glycoproteins cholesterol phospholipids enzymatic proteins

cholesterol

Molecules such as glucose and amino acids are NOT lipid soluble and therefore easily pass across the cell membrane. require active transport to cross the cell membrane. must be converted to lipids before they can enter a cell. combine with carrier proteins and pass across by facilitated transport. must be engulfed by a cell using endocytosis.

combine with carrier proteins and pass across by facilitated transport.

Cells export or secrete large macromolecules such hormones and enzymes by _____. active transport receptor-mediated endocytosis osmosis exocytosis

exocytosis

When solute molecules pass through the membrane passively from a high to low concentration using a carrier protein, it is referred to as: Active transport Simple diffusion Osmosis Facilitated transport Pinocytosis

facilitated transport

Which of the following terms is not relevant to bulk transport? vesicle formation energy from ATP a channel protein macromolecule endocytosis

macromolecule

Which is the best definition of diffusion? movement of molecules from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration movement of molecules from an area of their lower concentration to an area of their higher concentration movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low water concentration to an area of higher water concentration movement of a substance against its concentration through the release of energy from ATP

movement of molecules from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration

Which is not a primary component of an animal cell plasma membrane? phospholipids proteins nucleic acids cholesterol carbohydrate chains

nucleic acids

White blood cells are immune system cells that engulf bacteria by _____. exocytosis facilitated transport phagocytosis osmosis

phagocytosis

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins present in the plasma membrane? assist in the passage of materials in and out of the cell carry out specific chemical reactions bind with signaling molecules such as hormones cell-to-cell recognition produce lipids for secretion

produce lipids for secretion

Cells can detect signal molecules like the hormone insulin, from outside the cell because they have __________ which bind to the hormone. carrier proteins receptor proteins carbohydrate chains juntion proteins glycoprotein spikes

receptor proteins

Nonpolar gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide move in and out of cells by: active transport facilitated transport bulk transport simple diffusion osmosis

simple diffusion

An animal cell placed in a hypotonic solution will: swell and burst shrink not change lose water via osmosis

swell and burst

A plant cell placed in a hypotonic solution will: swell and burst swell to become very turgid shrink and pull away from cell wall not change

swell to become very turgid

The pressure that builds up inside of plant cells due to osmosis and the strength of the cell wall is called: plasmolysis cytolysis hydrolysis turgor tonicity

turgor

Dead plants seen alongside a salted roadway died because the saline solution caused the cells to undergo crenation. undergo lysis. undergo hemolysis. undergo plasmolysis. the saline solution did not have an effect on the plants.

undergo plasmolysis

Osmosis is the diffusion of what substance in and out of cells? water any solutes glucose oxygen carbon dioxide

water