Biology Chapter 6

_____ is/are identical in structure to centrioles.

Basal bodies and centrioles have identical structures.

The smooth ER functions mainly......

in lipid synthesis and processing and detoxifies drugs

Prokaryotic cell only

nucleoid

Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the _____.

nucleolus

. During muscle contractions, myosin motor proteins move across tracks of _________________

microfilaments

Central Vacuole in Plant Cell..

created internal pressure and stores cell compounds, regulates cytoplasm composition

Which organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion?

lysosome

Eukaryotic cell only

lysosome, mitochondria, and nucleolus

Microfilaments are responsible for....

cell locomotion and the cell's structural characteristics.

Animal Cell only

centriole

The _____ is composed of DNA and protein.

chromatin

Many cell organelles, most notably the nucleus, are anchored by __________________which are assembled from a diverse class of proteins.

intermediate filaments

The rough ER is the site of...

secretory protein synthesis

Centrosomes are sites where protein dimers assemble into _______________

microtubules

Which of these provides the cell with structural support?

Microfilaments are a component of the cytoskeleton.

The nucleus contains most of a cell's ...

DNA

Which of these cell junctions form a barrier to the passage of materials

tight junctions

Which of the following are common traits of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Both have their own DNA.

Plant Cell only

cellulose cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole

Animal and Plant Cells

plasma membrane, golgi, cytoskeleton, ER, nucleus & mitochondrion

Intermediate filaments are....

rope-like structures that anchor organelles and intercellular junctions called desmosomes. They are specialized for bearing tension.

Beginning within the nucleus, the first step leading to the synthesis of a polypeptide is _____.

transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA (Transcription)

Which of these manufactures cellular membranes by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its own membrane?

As membrane proteins grow from ribosomes on rough ER, the proteins are embedded into the rough ER membrane.

_____ aid in the coordination of the activities of adjacent animal cells.

Gap (communicating) junctions

Which of these are hollow rods that shape and support the cell?

Microtubules are rods that also play a role in organelle movement.

Which of these organelles carries out cellular respiration?

Mitochondria convert the chemical energy of organic molecules to chemical energy in the form of ATP.

Which of these organelles produces H2O2 as a by-product?

Peroxisomes produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product of their metabolic processes.

_____ are the sites of protein synthesis.

Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

Pro & Euk Cells

Ribosoms, plasma membrane, flagella

Where is calcium stored?

Smooth ER

Which of these structures stores, modifies, and packages products?

The Golgi apparatus modifies, stores, and packages products of the ER.

The _____ is a selective barrier, regulating the passage of material into and out of the cell.

The plasma membrane regulates the passage of material into and out of the cell.

Which statements are true for chloroplasts?

They have membranous sacs called thylakoids that are surrounded by a fluid called stroma. They are the sites of reactions that convert solar energy into chemical energy. They contain the green pigment chlorophyll.

Which of these is the double membrane that encloses the nucleus?

This is the nuclear envelope.

The primary role of _____ is to bind animal cells together.

desmosomes (anchoring junctions)

Microtubules serve as....

intracellular highways for transporting vesicles and organelles; they are also required for cellular locomotion via flagella and cilia.