Biology Final exam

The endomembrane system consists of all the following EXCEPT

The cell wall

What is the net charge of an atom at the natural state?

The net charge of an atom at its natural state is neutral

What is the net charge of the nucleus? Where is it getting its net charge?

The net charge of the nucleus is positive. It gets its net charge from the protons, which are positive

What is the charge of a neutron of an atom?

The neutron has a neutral charge

What do you call the outermost electron/energy shell?

The outermost energy shell is called the valence shell

What is an electron shell?

The place where the electrons are held to orbit the atom's nucleus

What is the charge of a proton of an atom?

The proton has a positive charge

What is a chemical bond?

There are two bonds strong and weak

Which is the most common type of intercellular junction between cells of the bladder?

Tight junctions

Which is the following is the function of glycoproteins?

To permit cells to recognize one another

If the scientist would like to study the cell ultrastructure or the internal anatomy of the cell, which of the following will you suggest for them to use?

Transmission electron microscope

A conversion factor is a ratio that is always equal to one (1).

True

A revised version of the original metric system is called the International System of Units, or SI.

True

One gram is about the mass of a paper clip.

True

One kilogram is about the mass of a liter of water

True

One of the goals in science is for scientists to collect and organize information in a careful, orderly way. looking for patterns and connections between events.

True

Protein within extracellular matrix play a role in communicating between the matrix and the cytoskeleton

True

Technology is the application of science to meet the needs of our society, while pure science attempts to learn more about the world by continuously searching for scientific knowledge.

True

There are two types of inference: Quantitive verses qualitative.

True

You use graphs to organize and classify your data, and then analyze them by using charts like tables.

True

Why are electrons important?

Two atoms connect to each other through the interaction of the electrons

Which of the following moves materials between the organelles of the endomembrane system?

Vesicles

Which of the following can be viewed ONLY with an electron microscope?

Virus

What is an ion?

a charged atom or molecule

Centrioles are made of

microtubules

What are the two main parts of an atom?

nucleus and electrons

What is an atom?

smallest unit of matter

If 273 Kelvin is converted to Celsius, then the answer will be?

0 (zero) degree Celsius

What is the ratio of the elements of the following substance? C6 H12 O6

1 Carbon atoms is to 2 hydrogen atoms is to 1 oxygen atoms

Convert 1.255 L to mL!

1.255 mL

Shaq measured his outstretched hand between the tip of his thumb and the tip of his little finger. It was recorded as 30 cm. What would that be in inches? In feet?

12 inches: 1 foot

If 1.85242 hectometer is converted to millimeter, then the answer will be what?

185242 mm

What is the scientific notation of the following number: 3,691,000,000.00 mm

3.691 x 10^11 mm

If 45 degrees Celsius is converted to kelvin, what would it be?

318.15 K

convert 216 degrees fahrenheit to kelvin!

375K

How many natural elements do we have?

92

What is a cation? Give examples.

A cation is when there are more protons then electrons (ca2+)

What is a compound?

A compound is a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements

As a molecule moves through the plasma membrane, it passes through

A hydrophobic layer of phospholipid tails, then a hydrophilic layer of phospholipid heads, and then another hydrophobic layer of phospholipid tails

What is a molecule?

A molecule is a group of atoms bonded together

What is a monomer? A polymer?

A monomer are small while a polymers are large

The plasma membrane is said to be a fluid-mosaic model because it contains

A mosaic of proteins suspended within a phospholipid bilayer

Which of the following reasons convinced scientists to use a common system of measurement which led to the creation of SI units?

All the above.

What is anion? Give examples

An anion is when there is more electrons then protons

What is the charge of an electron?

An electron has a negative charge

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both______, but are different in that mitochondria, but not chloroplasts, ______

Are organelles involved in the production of proteins; are found in animal cells

What is the funciton of receptor proteins?

Bind to a signal molecule and bring about a cellular response

What are biomolecules?

Biomolecules start out as monomers and you add onto them to build them up into polymers

Which of the following is the largest known cell?

Both b and c

The___ is located outside the cell wall in a prokaryotic cell.

Capsule

Which structures determine the flexibility of the extracellular matrix?

Carbohydrates

Which of the following types of protiens allow materials to move into, or out of the cell?

Channel Proteins

What is an element?

Chemical substance that cannot be broken down into other substances, made of atoms

WHY ARE WE STUDYING CHEMISTRY IN BIOLOGY?

Chemistry is the foundation of biology

Which of the following is found in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell?

Chloroplasts

Plant cells have plasmodesmata that

Connect the cytoplasm of one cell with that of another

Which chemical bond is the strongest? Which one is the weakest?

Covalent bonds are the strongest, hydrogen bonds are the weakest

Science / study of cells

Cytology

All cells have some characteristics in common; both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have

Cytoplasm, a plasma membrane, and DNA

Surface-to-volume ration is an important characteristic for cell function; some cells increase their ration by:

Developing finger-like projections

What are diatomic molecules?

Diatomic molecule that are always in pairs and that are nonmetals

One meter is a little shorter than one (1) yard.

False

Scientific theories describe only what phenomena had happened, while the scientific laws explain why some phenomena happened based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning

False

These are s all whiplike structures that are involved in the movement of the cell.

Flagella

Identify the substance: C6 H12 O6

Glucose

What does this folding of the mitrochondrial inner membrane, shown here, provide?

Greater surface area for ATP production

What are examples of a diatomic molecules?

H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

As a cell decreases in size, its surface-area-to-volume ratio

Increases

What are the four types of chemical bond? Define each one of them and give examples each.

Ionic bond, covalent bond, hydrogen bonds, and van dar wal bonds

The majority of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) needed by the cell is produced by the ____

Mitochondria

The nucleus has a double membrane that encloses the DNA. Inside the nucleus, the DNA acts as a the template to produce mRNA and ribosomes. To exit the nucleus, these molecules must:

Pass through pores that span both membranes

Since the plasma membrane blocks the passage of all but a few molecules with specific traits, it is necessary for other molecules to

Pass through the membranes via proteins

What are the four elements that make up most of the remaining 4%

Phosphorus,sulfur,calcium, potassium

What are the two parts of a nucleus of an atom?

Proton and neutron

Which of these structures is the site of protein synthesis?

Ribosome

Which of the following is not par of the cytoskeleton?

Ribosomes

What are the levels of organization in biology?

atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

What are the four elements that make up 96% of living matter?

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen

What are the two types of an ion?

cation, anion