Biology - LIfe at the Molecular Level (Organic Compounds)

guanine

In DNA, _____________ bonds with cytosine.

adenine

In DNA, _____________ bonds with thymine.

hydrogen bonds

Nitrogen bases are held together by ______________________.

DNA and RNA

Two types of nucleic acids.

DNA

a nucleic acid common to all living things; it stores genetic information; has a double strand

enzymes

a special group of proteins that SPEED UP reactions; they are UNCHANGED during reactions

carbon

all organic compounds contain ____________ and are necessary for life.

carbohydrates

are BUILT to store energy in plants and are BROKEN DOWN to be used as cellular energy

organic compounds

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

substrates

enzymes use _____________, which have specific shapes that allow them to interact with only one type of ACTIVE SITE

DNA

has a double strand

RNA

has a single strand

Rosalind Franklin

individual who took x-ray photographs of DNA that helped determine DNA's structure.

genetic engineering

involves inserting foreign DNA into host DNA to make a recombinant DNA.

insulation

lipids like whale blubber and human fat do this to keep organisms warm

proteins

organic compound made up of AMINO ACIDS joined together by PEPTIDE BONDS

lipids

organic compounds that include fat, oil, and wax. They store energy in animals.

nucleotide

the building block of a nucleic acid; it is made of SUGAR, a PHOSPHATE, and a NITROGEN BASE

monosaccarides

the building blocks of carbohydrates (example: glucose)

Watson & Crick

the individuals who discovered the DNA molecule

4

the number of different organic compounds.

replication

the process that makes an exact copy of DNA

cuticle

the protective lipid layer on leaves that prevents water loss

double helix

the shape of a DNA molecule

deoxyribose

the sugar in DNA

ribose

the sugar in RNA

uracil

what ADENINE bonds with in RNA