Biology Study Guide 1

What would be the ultimate effect on an ecosystem if decomposers were eliminated?

All life would eventually cease due to a lack of available nutrients.

To which phylum do humans belong?

Chordata

An organism that is neither prokaryotic nor photosynthetic, and must obtain its nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into the environment, belongs to which group of organisms?

Fungi

Which is a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

It is falsifiable.

Which statement concerning a scientific theory is FALSE? Group of answer choices

It is unchangeable.

Which scenario best describes a double-blind study?

Neither the investigator nor the subjects know who is in the experimental or control groups.

Which is a byproduct of photosynthesis?

Oxygen

Which cells do not have a nucleus?

Prokaryotic

You discover an organism that is eukaryotic, unicellular, and photosynthetic. Based on this evidence, to which group would you assign this organism?

Protists

Which is a benefit of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

The interaction of the genes from both parents allows genetic variation.

What statement best describes "biology"?

The science of life

What is the purpose of the cilia and flagella of cells?

They provide movement for the cell.

What is an end product of cellular respiration?

carbon dioxide

What is a branching diagram that depicts the relationships among organisms based on shared characteristics?

cladogram

A falsifiable hypothesis cannot be tested.

false

Adaptation involves changes in ecosystem rather than in individual organism.

false

What are units of hereditary information? Group of answer choices

genes

Information in living organisms is transmitted by which mechanism(s)?

genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters

Suppose a particular protein is produced in excess of the cellʼs needs. What kind of mechanism will intervene to stop production?

homeostatic

The primary purpose of homeostasis is to:

maintain a constant internal environment

Using the Linnaean system of nomenclature, corn is named Zea mays. What is the specific epithet in this name?

mays

In living organisms, chemical reactions responsible for growth, repair, and nutrition are collectively referred to as: Group of answer choices

metabolism

DNA molecule is made up of:

necluotidees

Similar families of organisms are next grouped together in the same:

order

When tissues organize, what do they form?

organ

One of the conclusions drawn from Darwinʼs theory of evolution is that:

organisms living today descended from previously existing forms

All members of the same species occupying the same area at the same time constitute a(n):

population

By definition, an organism that is eukaryotic:

possesses a nucleus

Which sequence represents the pattern of energy flow within an ecosystem?

producers → consumers → decomposers

What is a subspecialty of systematics and is the science of naming and classifying organisms?

taxonomy

Which stimulus most directly causes the Venus flytrap to catch an insect?

touch

All of the genes present in a population make up its gene pool.

true

Autotrophs synthesize macromolecules from CO2, water, and energy.

true

The scientific name for coffee is Coffea arabica. More specifically, the species name is arabica.

true