Biology Test 3 ||
What are the parts of the cell theory ?
1. All living things are composed of one or more 2. All cells come from pre existing cells 3. Basic unit of structure and function
What is required for facilitated diffusion to take place ?
A transmembrane protein
What type of cellular junction cements cells together that use cadherins as a belt around each cell
Adhering junctions
Since sodium potassium pumps transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into a cell, what type of carrier proteins are they ?
Antiporters
What is the difference between the transmission and scanning electron microscopes ?
Electrons pass through a thinly cut surface for transmission, electrons pass over the surface for scanning
In a lipid bilayer, _________ fatty acid tails face each other within the bilayer and form a region that excludes water
Hydrophobic
Cause a decrease in turgor pressure
Hypertonic solution
Causes a cell to become crenated
Hypertonic solution
Causes cytolysis
Hypotonic
Causes a cell to become turgid
Hypotonic solution
Causes a cell to become flaccid
Isotonic solution
What does the process of differential centrifugation achieve?
It separates components of the cell that have different densities
Which statement best describes the activity of the sodium potassium pump ?
It transport 3 sodium ions out of the cell in exchange for 2 potassium ions.
A patient who has had a severe hemorrhage accidentally receives a large transfusion of distilled water directly into a major blood vessel. What effect will have on the patient ?
It will have serious, perhaps fatal consequences because the red blood cells could swell and burst
The ratio of the size of the image seen with the microscope to the actual size of the object is called
Magnification
Signal trans mission is carried out by
Neurotransmitters or hormones
If a toxin, such a bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, what cellular activity will be affected first ?
Protein synthesis
What does the nucleolus within the nucleus synthesize ?
Ribosomal rna
He observed cells dividing and giving rise to daughter cells
Rudolf virchow
Which list describes the correct sequence of events involved in cell signaling ?
Signal transmission, reception, signal transduction, response
What type of cells must receive, relay and respond to the information signaled ?
Target cells
Compare and contrast the processes of facilitated diffusion and active transport
They both use transport proteins, facilitated requires no energy and active transport requires energy.
The proteins present in the plasma membrane serve a variety of functions. List at least 2 functions.
Transport and enzymes
What facilitate the rapid transport of water through the plasma membrane?
Aquaporins
You light a scented candle in the guest bathroom. Within a few minutes you can already smell the candle's scent throughout the hallway. What process is occuring ?
Simple diffusion
Why do cells maintain a small size ?
So they absorb at a fast enough pace
He said animals are made of cells
Theodore Schwann
What substance acts as a fluidity buffer ?
Cholesterol
What protects a cell and may help keep other cells at a distance ?
Glycocalyx
During phagocytosis, what may fuse with the vacuole to further degrade the ingested material ?
Lysosome
What cellular process is represented in the accompanying figure ?
Exocytosis
He said plants are made of cells
Matthias schleiden
Which of the following organelles plays an important role in apoptosis or programmed cell death ?
Mitochondria
What is the passive movement of water along a concentration gradient?
Osmosis
What method does a human white blood cell employ to engulf a bacteria cell ?
Phagocytosis
What is one cellular characteristic found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells ?
Plasma membrane
He coined the name cell
Robert Hooke