Biology - Test Questions
Animals store glucose-containing fragments in the form of...
Glycogen
Buffers prevent fluctuation in...
pH
Amino acids are monomers of...
proteins
Pigments involved in photosynthesis are located in the ___.
thylakoid membrane
Where do the light reactions take place?
thylakoid membrane
True or false - a prokaryotic cell has no nucleus.
true
True or false - mitochondria are unique because they contain their own DNA.
true
The formation of polymers from monomers is an example of...
anabolism (requires energy)
In what form of reproduction are offspring genetically the same as the parent organism?
asexual
Acid solutions have a pH that is where on the pH scale?
below 7
What is the process of the diffusion of ions through ATP synthase?
chemiosmosis
Use light energy to make carbohydrates from CO2 and H2O.
chloroplasts
Will increasing light intensity cause photosynthesis to decrease or increase?
increase
Because certain chemical characteristics do not allow ions to cross the cell membrane, they require ___.
ion channels
This term describes when substances cross a membrane without any input of energy from the cell.
passive diffusion
The pigment chlorophyll a absorbs mostly which color light?
red
Functions as an intercellular highway; contains ribosomes
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Where do the dark reactions take place?
stroma
Hair-like structures that extend from the cell surface and aid in movement
flagella
The simple diffusion of water is called what?
osmosis
If an atom involved in a REDOX reaction loses an electron, it is said to be...
oxidized
Biological catalysts
enzymes
Where are an atom's electrons found?
In orbitals around the nucleus
Which 3 elements are most often found in organic compounds? (Give symbols)
H, O, C
If an atom has 6 electrons in its outer shell, it is likely to form...
2 covalent bonds
Transport through vesicles is a type of_____.
active transport
What is the process called when carbon is taken from the environment and incorporated into organic compounds?
carbon fixation
This organelle specific to plants is a rigid layer composed of a matrix of proteins and carbohydrates, including cellulose, which provides support to the cell.
cell wall
Responsible for microtubule organization during cell division.
centrioles
The difference in concentration of molecules across a distance/membrane is called a__.
concentration gradient
The cell is filled with jelly-like liquid called the___.
cytoplasm
True or false - because water is a nonpolar molecule, it tends to cause ionic compounds mixed in water to dissociate into ions.
false
True or false - starch is a type of lipid.
false
In all organisms, DNA contains what kind of information?
genetic
Receives vesicles from ER and modify the contents of those vesicles.
golgi apparatus
Multiple thylakoids are organized into stacks or columns called ___.
grana
Basically, the biological term for "keeping things the same".
homeostasis
Which is not a theme that unifies biology - interdependence, evolution, diversity and unity of life, or homeostasis?
homeostasis
What are the two stages of photosynthesis (respectively)?
light reactions; dark reactions
The sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism is called what?
metabolism
Small organelles that transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP.
mitochondria
What are the four basic parts of all cells?
nucleus/concentrated area of DNA, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, ribosomes
Electrons that leave photosystem I are replaced by electrons from ____.
photosystem II
A molecule with a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other is called a(n)...
polar molecule
Small, spherical organelles that build protein
ribosomes
Functions as an intercellular highway; lacks ribosomes
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Electrons that leave photosystem II are replaced by electrons from an enzyme that___ in the ____.
splits water; thylakoid
Most importantly, a hypothesis must be...
testable
Glycerol is linked to 3 fatty acids to form a(n) __by a process called ___.
triglyceride; condensation