Biology Unit 2

Scientists believe plant life moved from water to land and that plants evolved from multicellular

Green Algae

Scientists believe plant life moved from water to land and that plants evolved from multicellular _

green algae

Gymnosperms and angiosperms that were more adapted to land were seed-bearing and able to reproduce using

pollen cones flowers seeds

The earliest vascular plants were seedless, reproducing with _____ instead of seeds.

spores

Match the following plant types with their descriptions.

hydrophytes plants with very dry habitats 2. mesophytes plants with habitats that are neither too wet nor too dry 3. xerophytes aquatic plants

evolved during the Jurassic or Cretaceous periods.

Angiosperms

Which evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory? Select all that apply.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have a separate, simpler DNA from the nucleus DNA of a eukaryotic cell. These organelles' DNA resembles the DNA of prokaryotic cells. Mitochondria and chloroplasts self-replicate by a cell division process similar to binary fission, which is the way prokaryotes divide. The way mitochondria and chloroplasts synthesize proteins within the eukaryote cell is more similar to prokaryotes than to eukaryotes. There are living examples of prokaryotes, like cyanobacteria, that share similar features with both mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells.

evolved during the Carboniferous Period.

bryophytes

vocabulary

chemoautotroph an organism that can use inorganic sources for its own energy production cyanobacteria single-celled photosynthetic bacteria endosymbiotic theory a theory that explains the evolution of eukaryotic cells from the unionizing of prokaryotic cells hydrophyte plant adapted to live in water mesophyte plant adapted to live on land with moderate moisture photoautotroph an organism that can use sunlight for its own energy production xerophyte plant adapted to live on land in dry, arid environments

were the first organisms that released oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis.

chemoautotrophs

One piece of evidence for the endosymbiotic theory is that the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotes

self-replicate by binary fission, which is the way prokaryotes divide have DNA similar to prokaryotes synthesize proteins like prokaryotes

One piece of evidence for the endosymbiotic theory is that the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotes _____. self-replicate by binary fission, which is the way prokaryotes divide

self-replicate by binary fission, which is the way prokaryotes divide have DNA similar to prokaryotes synthesize proteins like prokaryotes