Biology Unit 2 Quiz
How many Nostrils are in a Toothed Whale Blowhole?
1 Nostril
How many Nostrils are in a Baleen
2 Nostrils
Name the 2 Whale groups.
Baleen & Toothed Whales
What are Dolphins and Porpoises known as? What is their length range?
Cetaceans Length Range: 2-4m
How often are Cetaceans in the water?
Cetaceans are fully aquatic animals
What does the Spermaceti do when the Sperm Whale dives and when it accends?
Increases Oil density when they dive, and decrease when ascending.
Is Cetacean gestation and development of the fetus internal or external?
Internal
What did the adaptation discussed in question 62 allow?
It allowed them to remain underwater while it breathes
How thick is Blubber?
It can be as thick as 2 inches
How much fat does Blue Whale milk contain?
It contains 50% fat
What is Whale milk rich in?
It is rich in Protein and fat
What 2 things does Blubber do?
It protects the skin of the whale from getting Cold
What does the water coming into the mouth of a Baleen Whale contain?
It takes in enormous amounts of water.
Who are the largest and smallest Cetaceans?
Large: Whales Smallest: Dolphins and porpoises
Explain what Lobtailing may be a sign of.
Lobtailing is a sign of whales smashing their tails on the surface of the water.
Winter Migration
Mate & Breed in GW: Baja California AW: Carribean
What do the components in Whale milk help with?
The components in whale milk help with newborns and cold layers of insulating fat.
Who is the fastest swimmer out of all marine mammals? How fast can they swim?
The fastest are the killer whales (55km/hr)
How does the Gray Whale migration route compare to other Whales? What is its length?
The gray whale migration compared to other whales
Name the largest and smallest Toothed Whales
The largest toothed whale is the Sperm Whale while the Smallest is the Narwhal
When a whale dives, what is the last part of their body out of the water?
The last part are the tail flukes
Fall Migration
GW: Alaska to Baja California AW: Iceland to Carribean
Spring Migration
GW: Baja Cali to Alaska AW: Carribean to Iceland
List the average Cetacean gestational period. What is the significance of the largest month listed?
Gestational Period is 11 to 18 months. 18 months found in largest whales.
What two things are Gray Whales doing in Baja CA?
They mate and give birth in water.
What do many Whales migrate between?
They migrate between Breeding Grounds and Feeding Grounds
What do Whales need everywhere, even in tropical seas?
They need Insulation
Give 2 reasons for why Whales need insulation everywhere.
They need Insulation everywhere because warm bodies lose heat to water
How long do mother Whales nurse calfs for?
They nurse calves for 6 to 10 months
What do these nutrient rich waters produce?
They produce great quantities of Plankton
What do Toothed Whales do with their prey after seizing it?
They swallow them whole
What kind of swimmers are Whales?
They swim very fast in water
Explain what ancient peoples once thought about the male Narwhal tusk.
They thought it belonged to a Unicorn
Explain what happened with terrestrial mammals about 50 million years ago according to the fossil record.
They transitioned from a life on land to a life in the sea.
Describe who Whales travel with.
They travel with someone....
What do Toothed Whales use their teeth for?
They use their teeth to catch prey
Why does the Sperm Whale dive?
To catch their preys: Giant Squid
Why is the throat of some Baleen Whales pleated like an accordion?
To expand and hold the quantity of water
Does the Blowhole need to surface in order for a Whale to breathe?
Yes
Summer
Feed in GW: Alaska AW: Iceland
Why is it most adaptive for babies to be born in warmer water?
Because they can get the layers they need for protection
Where do Grey Whales feed?
Bering Sea and Arctic Ocean near
Explain what Breaching might be a means of. What else is Breaching used for?
Breaching is a means of leaping in which the whales leaps out of the water and crashes back down. Used for removing parasites and communication.
Name the 4 Toothed Whale prey.
Fish, seals, penguins, and squid
How are Dolphins and Porpoises in terms of intelligence and socialization?
Dolphins and porpoises are very intelligent and social
Which two organisms have a Blowhole?
Dolphins and whales
Explain the 2 differences between Dolphins and Porpoises.
Dolphins can swim faster than Porpoises
Describe what Dolphins like to do with boats.
Dolphins like to catch up with speeding boats to ride in their bow waves
How often do Cetaceans breed?
Every 3 years
Do Cetaceans return to land to breed?
No
What are adult Gray Whales not doing during this time?
No feed
Describe the significance of the bones in Pectoral Fins.
The bones in the Pectoral fins are used for steering braking and balance
What is Spermaceti believed to produce?
Sounds and Echolocation
What is the long spiral tusk in the male Narwhal used for?
That is used for attracting females and fending off rivals
What do Baleen Plates look like? Where are they located?
The Baleen Plates look like giant combs that hang from the roof of the whale's mouth.
Name the Suborder Baleen Whales belong to.
The Baleen Whales belong to the Mysticeti
List the size the Narwhal grows up to.
The Narwhal grows up to 5m long.
List the size the Sperm Whale grows to.
The Sperm whale grows to about 15m long
What was the Sperm Whale named after?
The Spermaceti: Waxy oil in the Whales head. Attributes to diving.
What is the length and weight of the Blue Whale? How is this special?
The blue whale is about 30m long and weighs 150Kg (Biggest animal that has lived on this earth)
Describe how a male Narwhal's teeth are different from a females.
The male's teeth has a long tooth that grows out of the left side of its upper jaw.
Explain what a mother Whale does with a newborn Whale immediately following birth. Why does the mother Whale do this?
The mother pushes newborn up to the surface so they won't drown
How do the powerful tail flukes move? What causes this?
The powerful tail flukes move up and down with the body muscles
Name the Suborder Toothed Whales belong to.
The suborder Toothed whales belong to the Sperm, Killer, Pilot, Narwhal, Belgua whales, and Dolphin and Porpoises.
Describe the type of teeth a Sperm Whale has. Where are these teeth located?
The teeth are located on its Jaw
What kind of hunters are Toothed Whales?
The toothed whales are active hunters, they swallow its prey whole.
Describe the waters in Baja CA.
The waters in the Baja are warm shallow, and secluded
What did the Whale do in the course of its evolution?
The whale in its evolution had a successful transition from land to water in the course of its evolution.
What are Cetacean Brains like? How is their intelligence?
Their brains are like very intelligent and large
What Order do Whales belong to? How many species are there?
There are 80 species of Cetaceans
Where is food chewed?
There food is chewed through components
What do Whales accumulate in these waters? What does this result in?
They accumulate large amounts of fat or more Blubber
Which direction are Whales born?
They are born tail first
What happened to the Nostrils as early Whales evolved and became more aquatic?
They are moved from the front to the top of the head
What kind of swimmers are Whales?
They are powerful swimmers
What do the sound waves that Sperm Whales produce do?
They are produced in air waves, focused by a fatty bump in its forehead.
Describe the shape of a Toothed Whale's teeth.
They are shaped like pegs
What types of acrobatic behaviors do both Dolphins and Porpoises display?
They both like to do acro leaps, spins and somersaults take them into the air out of H20
How deep does a Sperm Whale typically dive? How deep can a Sperm Whale dive up to?
They can dive up to depts of 2k to 4k meters
Where are sounds produced in Dolphins? What occurs in their Melon?
They communicate using clicks and other various sounds
How many glasses of milk a day does the mother Blue Whale feed her baby?
They drink about 400 glasses of milk a day
Explain what type of feeders Baleen Whales are. What do they eat?
They eat plankton and small fish
How did these terrestrial mammals bodies evolve?
They evolve into forms more suitable for swimming and diving
What two things did these terrestrial mammals find in the ocean?
They found Plenty of room and new sources of food.
How much weight does a Blue Whale calf gain per day?
They gain 198lbs per day
What do Whales do in warmer water? Where are the two warmer water locations?
They give birth in Warmer Water. Known waters are Baja California and the Carribean Sea
How many calf do female Whales give birth to at a time?
They give birth to one calf at a time.
How much time do mothers invest into their offspring? What does this result in?
They invest a great deal of care into their offspring.
What does being Endothermic mean for Whales?
Warm Blooded
Give 2 reasons for why it is most adaptive for baby Gray Whales to be born in warm water.
Warmer water is closer to comb conditions, so yeah..also the baby whales lack the blubber upon birth, so that is why they send the whales into the warmer seas.
What produces a visible plume of water vapor?
Water present in exhaled air and blowhole
What gave rise to the sailor's expression "Thar She Blows!"
When the whales breathe out air through the blowhole
