Biology Unit 7 Test Review

exon

The base sequence that remains after RNA splicing and can be translated into a protein is a/an

exon

What is the structure that is labelled Y?

rRNA

Which type of ribonucleic acid is like a protein synthesis factory?

all living things

Refer to the chart. The triplet code found in this chart apply to:

uracil

Of the following bases, which one is NOT found in DNA? adenine guanine uracil thymine

Down syndrome male with an extra chromosome

The human karyotype shown experienced a nondisjunction during meiosis. The person with this karyotype is:

tRNA

What part of protein synthesis does this picture represent?

Before mutation: Met - Arg - Thr - Leu After mutation: Iso - Ala - Tyr - Leu

A mutation in DNA inserts a single thymine nucleotide, as shown below. DNA sequence before mutation: TACGCATGGAAT DNA sequence after mutation: TATCGCATGGAAT What amino acid substitutions will result from this frameshift mutation?

a single amino acid

A mutation in DNA replaces cytosine with thymine as shown below. Original DNA sequence: TATGAACTGGAA Mutated DNA sequence: TATGAATTGGAA Compared to a protein produced by the original DNA sequence, a protein produced by the mutated sequence will differ in

mutation

Any change in the sequence of DNA nucleotides is called

amino acid chains are assembled from information in the mRNA

In the process of translation, the ribosome is the site where

3,4,1,2,5

Study the sentences describing the steps in the above process. Which sequence places the steps in correct order? 1. Transfer RNA picks up individual amino acids and carries them to the ribosome. 2. Ribosomal RNA bonds mRNA and tRNA. 3. A single strand of DNA serves as a template for making mRNA 4. Messenger RNA carries the sequence of nucleotides to the ribosomes. 5. A protein is synthesized.

mRNA

The diagram below shows the process of translation. What is represented by the number 1?

GAUUGGAUUAUA

What base sequences would code for the amino acid sequence: Asp - Trp - Ile - Ile ?

Translates mRNA into a specific amino acid chain.

What describes a role that ribosomes assume in the production of proteins?

carrying the genetic message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes

What is the function of mRNA in this diagram?

to create polypeptides and, eventually, proteins for gene expression

What is the purpose of this process?

anticodon

What is the structure that is labeled by an X?

directs the order of amino acids in a protein

What statement describes the role of the role of structure 3?

TGA mutated to ATG

Which of the following mutations would change the amino acid sequence of a protein? CGA mutated to CGC AAT mutated to GAA TGA mutated to ATG ATA mutated to ATG

expressed

Which of these statements does NOT describe introns? non-expressed removed by splicing non-translated expressed

mRNA

Which type of ribonucleic acid carries the coding information to the site of protein synthesis?

The same for all organisms

The way that genetic information is coded in DNA is

only gamete cells carry genetic material to offspring

Mutated DNA in somatic cells occurs frequently but this modified DNA cannot be passed along to offspring because

occur in gametic cells

Mutated DNA sequences that can be passed from parent to offspring