biopsychology exam 2
The precentral gyrus is essential for the ____.
control of fine movements
Olfactory information is processed by the ____.
cortex via the olfactory bulbs
One way to relieve the pain associated with a phantom limb is to ____.
have the amputee learn to use an artificial limb
A person with two recessive genes is considered to be ____ for that trait.
homozygous
The ascending portion of the reticular formation ____.
increases arousal and attention
The cerebellum contributes to the control of what function?
movement
Secretions from which gland will also affect the secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and ovaries or testes?
pituitary gland
Nerve growth factor (NGF) ____.
promotes the survival and growth of the axon
Which part of the nervous system prepares the body for "fight or flight" activities?
sympathetic
If a trait has high heritability, ____.
the environment may possibly influence that trait
Cortical blindness may result from the destruction of ____.
the occipital cortex
Prefrontal lobotomies were conducted in the United States in an attempt to ____.
treat severe psychiatric disorders
Synaptogenesis is a process that begins before birth and continues throughout life.
true
Why is a genetic explanation for altruism problematic?
Altruistic behaviors rarely benefit the individual performing them.
Why is it that all neurons in a healthy adult brain have made appropriate connections?
If an axon does not make the appropriate connections by a certain age, it dies.
A gene is found that controls the age at which a man grows bald, if at all. That gene seldom affects women, even if they have the gene. What kind of gene is this MOST likely to be?
a sex-limited gene
Damage due to stroke caused by ischemia can be minimized by administering a drug that ____.
breaks up blood clots
After the migrating neuron reaches its destination, ____ begin to form.
dendrites
Suppose "A" is a dominant gene for the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide and "a" is a recessive gene for the inability to taste it. Which couples could possibly have both a child who tastes it and a child who does not?
father Aa, mother Aa
Roger Sperry cut a newt's optic nerve and rotated the eye. Axons from what used to be the dorsal part of the retina (now located on the ventral side) grew back to the target areas ____.
that ordinarily get input from the dorsal retina
Evolution improves the fitness of the population, which is defined as ____.
the number of copies of one's genes that endure in later generations
How is it possible to prevent the intellectual disabilities that are generally associated with PKU?
through diet
Which method would be best suited to answer questions about which specific brain areas in humans are activated while performing a mental task?
(fMRI)
How many pairs of cranial nerves do humans have?
12
___steer new axonal branches and synapses in the right direction.
Neurotrophins
Which statement best explains why males can grow breasts under certain hormonal conditions?
Sex-limited genes become activated.
Which of the following best characterizes how axons arrive at the correct target cells?
They follow chemical gradients from the target cell.
Sex-limited genes are found on ____.
any chromosomes