BIS 4753 Structured systems analysis-Final Exam
Displaying text in mixed uppercase and lowercase and using conventional punctuation is related to which of the guidelines for displaying text?
Case
If an organization is using applications rented from a third party vendor running in a remote location, they are most likely using what type of software system?
Cloud computing
________ is the process whereby the physical design specifications created by the analysis team are turned into working computer code by the programming team.
Coding
Which interaction places a substantial burden on the user to remember names, syntax, and operations?
Command language interaction
A(n) ________ data model is a detailed model that captures the overall structure of organizational data that is independent of any database management system or other implementation considerations.
Conceptual
_____ is a special type of software application for collecting, organizing, and publishing website content
Content Management System
Joel wants to install the system by turning off the old system and turning up new system. Joel is implementing the ________ installation method.
Direct
An unstructured relation is a relation that contains a minimum amount of redundancy and that allows users to insert, modify, and delete the rows without error or inconsistencies.
False
Internet design is complex than client/server due to proliferation of standards
False
What is the example of SaaS?
Google Sheets
Which of the following is a general guideline about highlighting in a report?
Highlight should be used conservatively.
Analysis
In which phase of the SDLC are the system requirements studied and structured?
When an organization has the resources and a system must be built from scratch, an organization should choose what type of software?
In-house development
A(n) ________ is a file organization in which rows are stored either sequentially or non- sequentially, and an index is created that allows software to locate individual rows.
Indexed file organization
Which of the following is a method by which users interact with an information system?
Interface
Under which design specification category for interfaces and dialogues do form/report designs appear?
Interface/Dialogue Designs
________ is a lightweight data interchange approach that is relatively easy for humans to understand and for computers to generate or interpret.
JSON
Issues with speed are typically experienced when using which of the following devices?
Keyboard
________ is the cabling, hardware, and software used to connect workstations, computers and file servers located in a confined geographical area.
LAN
If group members work alone in the beginning of the project and then pool the ideas with guidance, they are participating in ________.
A Nominal Group Technique
Which of the following errors can occur when adding additional characters to a field?
Appending
A(n) ________ is a computing server where data analysis functions primarily reside.
Application server
A functional dependency is a particular relationship between two ________.
Attributes
________ is NOT a valid type of partitioning method in relational database products.
Boundary
Why is open-source software different than the other types of software?
The source code is free.
For interface and dialogue designs, one additional subsection is included: a section outlining the dialogue sequence which is ________.
The ways a user moves from one display to another
In ________ normal form, nonprimary key attributes do not depend on each other (what we call no transitive dependencies).
Third
The ________ rule specifies that each entity instance of the supertype must be a member of some subtype of the relationship.
Total specialization
User fatigue is a potentially high usability problem associated with which device?
Touch screen
Which device is a suitable replacement for a mouse when work space for a mouse is not available?
Trackball
Which business rule specifies the validity of attribute values?
Triggering operations
An icon may also look like a button that, when selected or depressed, causes the system to take an action relevant to that form, such as cancel, save, edit a record, or ask for help.
True
Which of the following is NOT a guideline for better cost estimation?
Update estimates at the end of the project.
What is the first step in the BPR effort?
Use induction
Kathy is creating ________ detailing visual information about an application system, how it works, and how to use it.
User documentation
A(n) ________ is a software emulation of a physical computer system, both hardware and operating system, that allows more efficient sharing of physical hardware resources.
Virtual machine
Natural language interaction can be applied to ________.
Voice entry systems
A(n) ________ is a method of communication between two electronic devices over a network
Web service
Systems analyst
Who has the primary responsibility for the design and analysis of information systems?
"Command verbs should clearly and specifically describe operations" falls under which category for menu design guidelines?
Wording
________ is an Internet authoring language that allows designers to create customized tags, enabling the definition, transmission, validation, and interpretation of data between applications.
XML
What is a, b, and c?
a: SaaS, b: PaaS, and c: IaaS
All of the following are ways of validating purchased software information except ________.
asking the manufacturer if they feel their software is best
________ refers to the use of previously written software resources, especially objects and components, in new applications.
reuse
The critical path represents the ________ time in which a project can be completed.
shortest
Nodes not on the critical path contain ________ time and allow the project manager some flexibility in scheduling.
slack
Which of the following is NOT a basic reuse software step?
testing
A ________ is a DFD that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail.
Level-0 diagram
Balancing is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a DFD process when that process is decomposed to a ________ level.
Lower
__________ is the ease with which software can be understood, corrected, adapted, and enhanced.
Maintainability
Which of the following is NOT a source of requirements gathering for the systems analyst?
Market conditions
All of the following are guidelines for menu design except ________.
Meaningful to the user
Which common property of windows and forms in a GUI environment requires users to resolve the request for information before proceeding?
Modality
Under which design specification category for interfaces and dialogues do environmental characteristics appear?
Narrative Overview
Under which design specification category for interfaces and dialogues does interface/dialogue name appear?
Narrative Overview
All of the following are guidelines for the design of human-computer dialogues except ________.
Native language
In logical database design, we use a process called ________, which is a way to build a data model that has the properties of simplicity, non-redundancy, and minimal maintenance.
Normalizaion
A ________ value is a special field value, distinct from zero, blank, or any other value, that indicates that the value for the field is missing or otherwise unknown.
Null
A new hardware purchase is classified as a(n)
One-time cost
"Use lists to break information into manageable pieces," is related to which guideline for designing usable help?
Organize
All of the following are sections in the design specification except ________.
Physical database design
A(n) ________ is a field of data that can be used to locate a related field or row of data.
Pointer
________ are NOT a part of a decision table.
Policies
Which menu method is also known as a dialogue box?
Pop-up menu
Which maintenance involves changes made to a system to reduce the chance of future system failure?
Preventive
Data cannot move directly from one data store to another data store. Data must be moved by a ________.
Process
Which of the following is NOT a generic strategy identified by Porter?
Product introduction
All of these are outcomes and deliverables from designing distributed systems except ________.
Profile of the User
During ________, the project manager performs several activities to assess the size, scope, and complexity of the project and to establish procedures to support subsequent activities.
Project initiation
Which tool enables you to quickly take basic requirements and create a limited working system?
Prototyping
One purpose of database design is to structure the data in stable structures, called normalized tables, that are not likely to change over time and that have minimal ________.
Redundancy
Which of the following is NOT a common criterion when choosing off-the-shelf software?
Reputation of the firm
In the ________ model, the customer uses only applications provided via a cloud infrastructure. Typically, such applications include Web-based e-mail services and Web-based productivity suites.
SaaS
"Avoid placing navigational links below where a page opens because many users may miss these important options that are below the opening window," is a tip to avoid which error?
Scrolling Navigation Pages
In ________ normal form, each nonprimary key attribute is identified by the whole key (what we call full functional dependency).
Second
Which of the following is NOT a primary activity in project identification?
Stop current projects
Cam is working on the GUI environment for a new project. He told his team to make sure the GUI has the ability to allow a form to have a ________ to directly access the save function.
System menu
A(n) ________ comes from an information system that can be measured monetarily.
Tangible benefit
Which test is done to ensure that data conform to a standard format?
Templates
Under which design specification category for interfaces and dialogues do rate of errors and testing objectives appear?
Testing and Usability Assessment
FALSE
The Agile Methodologies focus on the roles that people perform rather than placing the emphasis on individuals.
Contrary to corrective maintenance, ________ maintenance is generally a small part of an organization's maintenance effort, but it adds value to the organization.
Adaptive
In which maintenance type are changes made to a system to evolve its functionality to changing business needs or technologies?
Adaptive
What is a crucial factor to measure when assessing maintenance effectiveness related to the frequency of issues?
All of the above
A(n) ________ refers to the software building blocks that are used to ensure that common system capabilities, such as user interfaces and printing, as well as modules are standardized to facilitate data exchange between clients and servers.
Application Program Interface (API)
Which of the following is an incorrect explanation for key physical database design decisions?
Arranging related records in primary memory (hard disks and magnetic tapes) so that records can be stored, retrieved and updated rapidly
Which test is done to ensure that data are of proper type, e.g., all numeric, all alphabetic, all alphanumeric?
Class
File servers transfer files when data are requested from a ________.
Client
The ________ is the (front-end) portion of the client/server database system that provides the user interface and data manipulation functions.
Client
Following architecture is _______
Client/Server Architecture
________ is a human-computer interaction method whereby users enter explicit statements into a system to invoke operations.
Command language interaction
In which maintenance type are changes made to a system to repair flaws in its design, coding, or implementation?
Corrective
Of all types of maintenance, which maintenance accounts for as much as 75 percent of all maintenance activity according to Andrews and Leventhal?
Corrective
A ________ is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system.
Data flow diagram
Three-tiered client/server is an advanced client/server architecture in which there are three logical and distinct applications—________, presentation, and analysis—that are combined to create a single information system.
Data management
The ________ functions of an IS manage just the interface between system users and the software, including the display and printing of forms and reports and possibly validating system inputs.
Data presentation
A ________ is the (back-end) portion of the client/server database system running on the server that provides database processing and shared access functions.
Database engine
A ________ is an end product of an SDLC phase.
Deliverable
________ is the process of splitting or combining normalized relations into physical tables based on affinity of use of rows and fields.
Denormalization
Which of the following is NOT included as a total when using a weighted multi-criteria project?
Department rankings
________ is a testing technique in which the program code is sequentially executed manually by the reviewer.
Desk checking
________ will mostly likely choose projects that are easy to integrate with the current hardware and software.
Development group
Which installation strategy is this?
Direct installation
Customer loyalty and trustworthiness results in customers feeling like the site and their data are secure. Following are ways to convey this except______
Disconnected to the rest of the Web (credibility)
All of the following are general guidelines for the design of reports and forms except ________.
Display all available information
In the dialogue diagramming box, the bottom section contains ________.
Display reference numbers that can be accessed from the current display
Which of the following is NOT a phase in the Planning Game?
Documentation
Which menus have become very popular in recent years because they provide consistency in menu location and operation among applications and efficiently use display space?
Drop-down menu
hinking about attributes, which of the following is an example of a synonym?
EMP_ID and Employee_ID
"It should be a simple process for users to enter information and navigate between screens," is related to which guideline for the design of human-computer dialogues?
Ease
A mouse is the most accurate device for a data entry task.
False
Command language interaction does not require users to remember command syntax and semantics.
False
When designing Internet systems, it is important to have a creative look with a distinctive style for each page, by using different colors, fonts, or other elements.
False
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of top management when choosing an IS project selection?
Faster development
A ________, which is conducted by the project manager, involves determining if the information system makes sense for the organization from an economic and operational standpoint.
Feasibility study
Following architecture is _________
File Server Architecture
A ________ is a device that manages file operations and is shared by each client PC attached to a LAN.
File server
Which usability factor specifies that information should be viewed and retrieved in a manner most convenient to the user?
Flexibility
A ________ is a business document that contains some predefined data and may include some areas where additional data are to be filled in.
Form
The premise of ________ is to allow users to fill in the blanks when working with a system.
Form interaction
Which interaction is a highly intuitive human-computer interaction method whereby data fields are formatted in a manner similar to paper-based forms?
Form interaction
________ are recognized in official documentation of the organization.
Formal systems
________ is the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of DFDs or discrepancies within a single DFD
Gap analysis
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of good systems analyst?
Great at finances
Which of the below is NOT a limitations of file servers?
Handle integrity and security
All human-computer interfaces must have an interaction style and use some ________ device(s) for supporting this interaction.
Hardware
________ is a common error when design the interface and dialogues of websites.
Hidden links
In situations where a company has not developed its systems in-house but instead has licensed software, as in the case of ERP systems, maintenance costs remain ________.
High
What is a possible outcome of NGT?
Ideas for new features in a system
___________ is a cloud computing model in which only the basic capabilities of processing, storage, and networking are provided
Infrastructure as a service
________ is the process during which the current system is replaced by the new system.
Installation
Following are three main principles of Service-oriented architecture (SOA) except:
Interchangeability
Following is the advantages of a client/server architecture except_____
It allows for and encourages the acceptance of closed systems.
Client/server architecture is a ________-based computing environment in which a central database server or engine performs all database commands sent to it from client workstations, and application programs on each client concentrate on user interface functions.
LAN
In which design phase of the SDLC are all functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis described independently of any computer platform?
Logical design
A ________ is simply a list of options; when an option is selected by the user, a specific command is invoked.
Menu
________ is a human-computer interaction method in which a list of system options is provided and a specific command is invoked by user selection of a menu option.
Menu interaction
"a" is a combination of hardware, software, and communication technologies that brings data management, presentation, and analysis together into a three-tiered (or n-tiered) client/ server environment. What is "a"?
Middleware
________ is a combination of hardware, software and communication technology that brings data management, presentation, and analysis together into a three-tiered (or n-tiered) client/server environment.
Middleware
________ is a human-computer interaction method whereby inputs to and outputs from a computer-based application are in a conventional spoken language such as English
Natural language interaction
Barry asked Jerry for a diagram that shows the sequence of dependencies between tasks. Barry is asking for a ________
Network diagram
TRUE
Ninety-four percent of companies report that they practice agile in their systems development efforts.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a steering committee when making IS identification and selections?
No concern with cost-benefit analysis
Which interaction is a human-computer interaction method in which symbols are used to represent commands or functions?
Object-based interaction
Systems development methodologies and techniques which are based on objects rather than data or processes are known as ________.
Object-oriented analysis and design
Which activity in the maintenance phase requires that a formal process be established whereby users can submit system change requests
Obtaining maintenance requests
"A consistent organizing principle should be used that relates to the tasks the intended users perform" falls under which category for menu design guidelines?
Organization
Joshua is a new project manager. He is unsure of how much time a new task will require to be completed on the project. He decides to use ________ to estimate a realistic time frame for the task.
PERT
In the ________ model, customers can run their own applications, which are typically designed using tools provided by the service provider.
PaaS
In the ________ model, the user has control over the applications but has limited or no control over the underlying infrastructure.
PaaS
Which installation strategy is this?
Parallel installation
The capability to split a table into separate sections, often called ________, is possible with most relational database products.
Partitioning
Which of the following is a feature of a public cloud?
Pay per use
In which maintenance type are changes made to a system to add new features or to improve performance?
Perfective
________ means providing Internet content to a user based upon knowledge of that customer.
Personalization
Which installation strategy is this?
Phased installation
Logical and ________ database design is typically performed in parallel with other systems design steps.
Physical
________ involves determining what needs to be tested and collecting test data.
Planning
A ________ is the work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed
Process
The ________ is a systems analyst with a diverse set of skills-management, leadership, technical, conflict management, and customer relationship-who is responsible for initiating, planning, executing, and closing down a project.
Project manager
Services in a(n) ________ cloud can be used by any interested party on a pay-per-use basis; hence, they are often used for applications that need rapid scalability.
Public
According to guidelines for selecting tables versus graphs, we should use tables for ________.
Reading individual data values
A(n) ________ is one field or a combination of fields for which more than one row may have the same combination of values.
Secondary key
A database designer chooses a file organization for a specific file that will provide the following except ________.
Security from authorized users
Which installation strategy is this?
Single-location installation
A ________ is the origin and/or destination of the data, and these are sometimes referred to as external entities because they are outside the system.
Source
All of the following are guidelines for choosing indexes for relational databases except ________.
Specify multiple keys for each table
Who must review the Baseline Project Plan before it moves to the next phase in the SDLC?
The user, managers, and development group
Which of the following is a critical factor that distinguishes agile methods from traditional approaches to systems development?
Thrives in a culture where people feel empowered by having many degrees of freedom
A single menu has obvious advantages over a command language but may provide little guidance beyond invoking the command.
True
Graphical user interface (GUI) environments are the de facto standard for human-computer interaction.
True
An entity ________ is described just once in a data model, whereas many ________ of that may be represented by data stored in the database.
Type; instances
A recursive relationship is also known as a ________ relationship.
Unary
Cloud computing has the following characteristics that distinguish it from in-house infrastructure except_______
Unmeasured service
________ is an overall evaluation of how a system performs in supporting a particular user for a particular task.
Usability
When designing forms and reports, which characteristic focuses on issues related to experience, skills, motivation, education, and personality that should be considered?
User
When choosing a weighted system to determine project viability, what should the organization keep in mind?
Weights are subjective.
Increasingly, developers are using tools that can quickly create screen mockups, referred to as ________, to show the placement of information elements on a screen and the space needed for each element.
Wireframes
Project break-even occurs ...
between years 1 and 2
Which of the following is a feature of a private cloud?
control
Which of following is false?
d
________-oriented architecture is a software architecture in which business processes are broken down into individual components that are designed to achieve the desired results for the service consumer.
service
What is the value of c (OVERALL NPV)? HINT: You can find the value of c by adding a and b Don't include decimal places or parentheses when providing numerical answers.
848,819 (with margin: 0)
If a project has a small or narrow focus, it most likely was chosen by ________.
A business unit
________ is/are the final output from the analysis phase.
A description of the alternative solution
Which of the following activities happens during the SDLC planning phase?
A presentation of why the system should or should not be developed by the organization is given.
Which of the following is NOT a part of the project management process?
Adjoining
According to the DFD conventions, the data flow is always depicted by a(n) ________.
Arrow
Which option identifies the point at which benefits equal costs?
Break-even analysis
The overall process by which current methods are replaced with new methods is referred to as ________.
Business process reengineering
Which of the following is NOT a feature of PERT?
Calculates budget for a project
A ________ key is an attribute (or combination of attributes) that uniquely identifies each instance of an entity type.
Candidate
The ________ defines the number of instances of entity B that can (or must) be associated with each instance of entity A.
Cardinality
The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether or not the depiction of the system shown at one level
Consistency
________ solutions integrate individual traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems.
ERP
A(n) ________ is a person, place, object, event, or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data.
Entity
________ and ________ are the two processes of prototypes.
Evolutionary; throwaway
A(n) ________ is the smallest unit of application data recognized by system software, such as a programming language or database management system.
Field
The term ________ is used when a project is reviewed after each stage to determine its continuance.
Incremental commitment
Which of the following is NOT a major category of sources of software?
Offshore
What unique characteristic(s) distinguish(es) each object from other objects of the same type?
Primary key
All of the following are categories of feasibility except
Scope
Which evaluation criterion for classifying and ranking projects deals with helping an organization achieve its long-term goals?
Strategic alignment
Which of the following is NOT an example of a recurring cost?
System conversion
Which of the below is a true statement regarding the systems development life cycle?
The life cycle can be thought of as a circular process in which the end of the useful life of one system leads to the beginning of another project to develop a new version of or replace an existing system.
Which term below means that money available today is worth more than the same amount tomorrow?
Time value of money
What is the practice of a company running a computer application for another organization?
outsourcing
One prime example of a cloud computing provider is ________.
Amazon Web Services
The most common format used for data modeling is ________ diagramming.
Entity-relationship
What is the result of normalization?
Every nonprimary key attribute depends on the whole primary key and nothing but the primary key.
