BISC 160 Exam 3

When is a cell in metaphase? A- The chromosomes are aligned at the mid plane of the cell B-The nuclear envelope is clearly visible C-The chromosomes are visible as thread like structures D-The chromosome is separated into distinct groups at opposite poles of the cell E-Cytokinesis occurring

A

Accessory pigments A-allow plants to absorb visible light of intermediate wavelengths B-play no role in photosynthesis C-transfer energy from chlorophyll to the election transport chain D-transfer electrons to NADP E-absorb only red wavelengths

A

If a cell has 36 chromosomes during G1, how many molecules does it have after DNA replication? A-72 B-108 C-18 D-36

A

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are linked through the A-Calvin cycle B-citric acid cycle C-the need for light D-enzyme rubisco

A

RNA synthesis is also known as A-transcription B-translation C-elongation D-termination

A

Ribulose bisphosphate is synthesized from which molecule? A-G3P B-RuBP C-NADP+ D-CO2

A

To control the cell cycle A-cyclins fluctuate during the cell cycle B-M-Cdk inhibits mitosis C-the activity of Sdks stays the same throughout the cell cycle D-Cdks are active only when they are released from cyclins

A

A sequence of three RNA bases can function as a A- a codon B- an anticodon C- a gene D- both a and b

D

An inducible operon is usually controlled by A- being turned "off," usually by the end product of the pathway B- an active repressor that keeps it in the "off" state C- an inducer molecule that keeps it in the "off" state D- being active at all times

B

Cytokinesis in a plant cell occurs via the formation of a A-mitotic spindle B-cell wall C-cleavage furrow D-Golgi complex

B

In what part of a chloroplasts are chlorophyll and accessory photosynthetic pigments associated? A-stroma B-thylakoid membrane C- stroma grana D-light reaction centers of the stroma

B

During photorespiration, rubisco uses____ as a substrate A- glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate B-CO2 C-O2 D-NADPH

C

If the following template strand was mutated to the strand below, which of the following would occur? 3'-T-A-C-C-T-A-A-C-C-T-C-C-5' 3'-T-A-C-C-T-A-A-C-T-T-C-C-5' A- A frame-shift mutation B-a nonsense mutation C-a missense mutation D-a silent mutation

C

The ____ is responsible for the separation of the chromosomes during the ____ of mitosis A-centromere; telophase B-mitotic spindle; interphase C-mitotic spindle; anaphase D- cell wall; anaphase

C

The first step in carbon fixation involves the addition of a CO2 molecule to a molecule of A-water B-G3P C-ribulose bisphosphate D-NADPH

C

Transcribe the template above. A- 5'-A-T-G-G-A-T-T-G-G-A-G-G-3' B- 5'-G-G-A-G-G-U-U-A-G-G-U-A-3' C- 5'-A-U-G-G-A-U-U-G-G-A-G-C-3' D- 3'-A-U-G-G-A-U-U-G-G-A-G-G-5'

C

Translation is initiated at the ____ A-UAG codon B-downstream sequence C-AUG codon D-anticodon E-promoter

C

Okazaki fragments are joined together by A-DNA ligase B- RNA polymerase C-primase D-DNA polymerase

A

Gene expression in bacteria is regulated primarily by A-controlling the rate of DNA replication B-Transcription control C-Protein modifications D-Translational Control E-Protein degradation

B

Exons in pre-mRNA A- are part of the mature mRNA B- protect pre-mRNA from enzyme degradation C- are spliced out of the message D- are transcribed into protein

A

Mutations are A- Heritable changes in the sequence of DNA bases B- Mistakes in the incorporation of amino acids into proteins C- Heritable changes in the mRNA of an organism D- Heritable changes in the sequence of DNA bases that produce an observable phenotype

A

A cell is dividing by binary fission. What can you conclude? A-The cyclin-Cdk complex is no longer phosphorylating enzymes B-Mitosis has taken place without cytokinesis C-The cell is prokaryotic D-Homologous chromosomes have already paired E-The cell cycle is out of control

C

In a pro metaphase cell, the A-nuclear envelope is visible with the light microscope B-mitotic spindle is beginning to assemble C- spindle fibers pull chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell. D-nuclear envelope disappears E-duplicated chromosomes become visible with the light microscope

D

Translate the template above. A- gly-gly B- 5'-A-T-G-G-A-T-T-G-G-A-G-G-3' C- 5'-A-U-G-G-A-U-U-G-G-A-G-G-3' D- met-asp-try-arg

D

During cyclic photophosphorylation, electrons excited from a reaction center eventually A-reduce phosphoglycerate B-return to the same reaction C-are donated to NADP D- give up enough energy to produce 1 ATP molecule E- both B and D are correct

E

Generally speaking how many "turns" of the Calvin Cycle are needed to ultimately gain one molecule of glucose? A- 12 B- 6 C- 3 D- 1

B

When light intensities are adequate, the rate at which the entire process of photosynthesis occurs is primarily limited by A- CO2 concentration B- oxygen concentration C- the amount of glucose available D-ATP concentration

A

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand 5'- AGATCCG- 3'? A- 3'-TCTAGGC- 5' B- 5'- AGATCCG- 3' C- 3'- CTCGAAT- 5' D- 3'- AGATCCG- 5' E- 5'- CTCGAAT- 3'

A

Why is DNA able to store large amounts of information? A-Its nucleotides can be arranged in a large number of possible sequences B-Its bases can be altered from purines to pyrimidines C-Its composed of 20 different nucleotides D-It is capable of assuming a wide variety of shapes E-Its sugars and phosphates can be arranged in many different sequences

A

In PCR, ___ creates single-stranded DNA template molecules A-dNTP's B-heat C-a primer D-DNA polymerase E-helicase

B

It is found that a certain enzyme is synthesized whenever the solution in which the cells are growing contains substance X. This phenomenon is most likely an example of ____ gene regulation. A-positive B-inducible C-repressible D-negative

B

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis involve A-ATP formation B-carbohydrate formation C-splitting water D-production of NADPH E-all but B are part of the light-independent

B

The molecule that connects a growing polypeptide chain and mRNA is called A-tRNA B-a promoter C-RNA polymerase D-rRNA

B

What are the reactants of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis? A-CO2, ADP, AND NADPH B- H2O, ADP, AND NADP+ C-CO2, ADP, AND NADP+ D-H2O, CO2, AND NADP+ E-H2O, ATP, AND NADPH

B

Which of the following conditions does not favor plants using a C4 pathway (as compared to C3 plants)? A-growing in bright sunlight B-lower than average temperatures C-higher light intensities D-lower CO2 levels E-actually, none of the above would be favorable for a C4 plant

B

Which of the following molecules functions to transfer information from one generation to the next in eukaryotes? A-proteins B-DNA C-mRNA D-tRNA

B

Which of the following numbered events represents the correct sequence of events of translation initiation? 1. Large ribosomal sub unit binds to initiation complex 2. a tRNA carrying MET binds to the mRNA 3. small ribosomal subunits binds to the mRNA A-1-2-3 B-3-2-1 C-2-1-3 D-1-3-2 E-2-3-1

B

Why does DNA synthesis proceed in a 5' to 3' direction? A-DNA unzips in the 5' to 3' direction B-DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of a polynucleotide strand C-The 3' end of the polynucleotide molecule contains more phosphates than the 5' end D-Chromosomes are aligned in the 5' to 3' direction in the nucleus E-DNA strands are parallel to each other

B

Why is it important for DNA to be copied before cell division? A-The nucleus does not contain enough room for extra DNA B-Genetic information must be transmitted to the daughter cells C-The daughter cells need extra copies of the genetic information present in the parent cell D-The daughter cells must be polyploid E-The daughter cells do not need proteins

B

A deoxyribose nucleotide is a A-deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base B-nitrogeneous base bonded at the 5' end to a sugar-phosphate backbone C-deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base and a phosphate D-sugar and a phosphate

C

During non-cyclic photophosphorylation, the elections that fill electron holes in photosystem 1 come from photosystem 2. The electron holes now present in photosystem 2 are filled with electrons from A-another photosystem 1 B-NADPH C-glucose D-water

D

The Calvin cycle is called a C3 pathway because A-the carbon atoms involved have only three bonds available (instead of the usual 4) B-3 carbon dioxide molecules are needed to make one glucose molecule C-3 cyclic photophosphorylation events are necessary to "fix" one carbon dioxide D-the first stable compound formed during carbon fixation is a 3-carbon compound E-none of the above

D

Gene expression in eukaryotes can be regulated A-during transcription and before translation B-before transcription C-during translation D-after translation E- all of the above

E

Knowledge of the cell cycle has led to improved means of treating cancer. Taxol, a cancer treatment, prevents the microtubules of the spindle fiber from functioning normally. Taxol prevents the cell from entering A-G2 B-S C-interphase D-G1 E-prophase

E

Single base changes in the coding regions of proteins can cause A-missense mutations B-frame-shift mutations C-silent mutations D-nonsense mutations E-all of the above

E

Thylakoid membranes are involved in ____ synthesis. A-NADP+ B-RuBP C-G3P D-glucose E-ATP

E

Transcriptional activation of the lac operon requires both high lactose and low glucose conditions because A-RNA polymerase is inactive in the presence of high glucose concentration B-glucose and lactose compete for binding to, and inactivation of, the lac operon repressor C-high glucose concentrations stimulate cAMP activity D-glucose normally activates the lac operon repressor E-RNA polymerase requires cAMP in order to bind to the lac operon promoter efficiently; even in the absence of the repressor

E

Use the following steps to answer the next 3 questions. 3' T-A-C-C-T-A-A-C-C-T-C-C-5' Replicate the template above and indicate the type of strand you are producing. The replication fork is moving right to left (<-----) on the template A- 5'-G-G-A-G-G-T-T-A-G-G-T-A-3'; leading B- 5'-A-T-G-G-A-T-T-G-G-A-G-G-3'; leading C- 3'-A-T-G-G-A-T-T-G-G-A-G-G-5'; lagging D- 5'-G-G-A-G-G-T-T-A-G-G-T-A-3'; lagging E- 5'-A-T-G-G-A-T-T-G-G-A-G-G-3'; lagging

E