Blood sugar meds - ch. 38

The nurse has just completed discharge instructions to a client who will be using a pen device to deliver his insulin dose. What statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction? "I need to turn the dial on the pen and listen for the locking ring before administering my insulin." "If I forget to take my insulin pen, I will be able to use the one that my wife uses." "I determine my dosage by the number of clicks that I hear." "This will make it easier for me to give my own insulin because of my poor eyesight."

"If I forget to take my insulin pen, I will be able to use the one that my wife uses."

A female client visits the health care provider's office after routine labs are drawn. The nurse notes that her A1C is 9. How does the nurse interpret this finding?

Client's average blood glucose is above normal.

After teaching a class about the various drugs used to control blood glucose, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies what as a biguanide?

Metformin

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit with diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse knows that the client will be placed on an intravenous insulin drip. The only type of insulin that can be administered intravenously is: NPH. Lente. Regular. Ultralente.

Regular (In general, regular insulin, a short-acting insulin, is used with major surgery or surgery requiring general anesthesia)

A nurse is instructing a patient in the administration of regular insulin by the subcutaneous route. Which strategy would the nurse suggest if the goal is to promote absorption of the regular insulin?

Select one anatomic area for regular insulin injections and then use serial locations within that area.

The nurse is instructing a client how to take a prescribed pramlintide. Which would be most appropriate? "Give it by subcutaneous injection immediately before your major meals." "Take the drug orally once a day, preferably in the morning." "Give yourself an injection 1 hour before you eat breakfast and dinner." "Take the drug orally with the first bite of each meal."

"Give it by subcutaneous injection immediately before your major meals."

The nurse is discussing diabetes with a group of individuals who are at risk for the disease. Which statement by a participant indicates an understanding of the role of insulin in the disease? "Insulin is used to move carbohydrate particles from the gastrointestinal system to the liver." "Insulin is stimulated by the liver to break down proteins and provide the body with nutrients." "Insulin assists glucose molecules to enter the cells of muscle and fat tissues." "Insulin causes fat to be broken down to provide energy for the body."

"Insulin assists glucose molecules to enter the cells of muscle and fat tissues."

During a teaching session on the care of the diabetic client, the nurse should make which statement to explain the differences in insulin?

"Insulins have different onsets and durations of action."

A nurse is preparing a syringe that contains regular and NPH insulin. To ensure effectiveness, the nurse would administer the insulins within which time frame? 10 minutes 15 minutes 30 minutes 60 minutes

15 minutes

A nurse is assigned to administer glargine to a patient at a health care facility. What precaution should the nurse take when administering glargine? Administer glargine via IV route. Avoid mixing glargine with other insulin. Shake the vial vigorously before withdrawing insulin. Administer insulin that has been refrigerated.

Avoid mixing glargine with other insulin. (When administering glargine to the patient, the nurse should avoid mixing it with other insulin or solutions. It will precipitate in the syringe when mixed. If glargine is mixed with another solution, it will lose glucose control, resulting in decreased effectiveness of the insulin. Glargine is administered via SC once daily at bedtime.)

The nurse is educating a client who will be adding an injection of pramlintide to his insulin regimen. What information is most important for the nurse to share with this client to ensure safe medication administration?

Do not give pramlintide in the same site where insulin is administered.

The nurse is educating a client who will be adding an injection of pramlintide to his insulin regimen. What information is most important for the nurse to share with this client to ensure safe medication administration? Pramlintide should only be injected in the hip. Inject pramlintide in the same site where insulin is administered. Do not give pramlintide in the same site where insulin is administered. Mix pramlintide in the same syringe with insulin.

Do not give pramlintide in the same site where insulin is administered.

The nurse monitoring a client receiving insulin glulisine (Apidra) notices the client has become confused, diaphoretic, and nauseated. The nurse checks the client's blood glucose and it is 60 mg/dL (3.33 mmol/L). Which can a nurse give to treat a client with a hypoglycemic episode? (Select all that apply.) Orange or other fruit juice Glucose tablets Insulin glargine (Lantus) Hard candy Insulin detemir (Levemir)

Hard candy Glucose tablets Orange or other fruit juice

The health care provider has ordered a change of prescription from rapid-acting insulin to an intermediate-acting type. Which adverse effect must the nurse closely monitor for in the client?

Hypoglycemia

When administering insulin, what would be most appropriate?

Insert the needle at a 45-degree angle for injection.

When administering insulin, what would be most appropriate? Shake the vial vigorously to ensure thorough mixing before drawing up the dose. Firmly spread the skin of the area of the intended site of injection. Insert the needle at a 45-degree angle for injection. Massage the injection site firmly after removing the needle and syringe.

Insert the needle at a 45-degree angle for injection.

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. What should the nurse inform the patient are risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes? Young age Regular exercise Obesity Polyuria

Obesity

A nurse at a health care facility is assigned to administer insulin to the patient. Which intervention should the nurse perform before administering each insulin dose?

Inspect the previous injection site for inflammation.

A client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why the client cannot just take a pill. The nurse would incorporate what knowledge when responding to this client?

Insulin is needed because the beta cells of the pancreas are no longer functioning.

Which would be appropriate to include in teaching a client with type 2 diabetes?

It is possible with weight loss and exercise to discontinue the use of antidiabetic medication.

What best describes type 1 diabetes? (Select all that apply.)

Occurs before age 20 Insulin supplementation is required for survival

Which factor would prohibit the administration of glipizide?

allergy to sulfonamides

What type of insulin will most likely be administered intravenously to a client with a blood glucose level over 600 mg/dL (33.33 mmol/L)? NPH insulin lente insulin ultralente insulin regular insulin

regular insulin (Regular insulin has rapid onset of action and can be given via IV.)

What type of insulin will most likely be administered intravenously to a client with a blood glucose level over 600 mg/dL (33.33 mmol/L)?

regular insulin Regular insulin has rapid onset of action and can be given via IV. It is the drug of choice for acute situations, such as diabetic ketoacidosis.

A client with diabetes is undergoing testing for glycosylated hemoglobin. The nurse instructs the client that this test measures average blood glucose over what time period? the past 3 or 4 months the past 7 to 10 days the past 1 or 2 months the past 12 to 24 hours

the past 3 or 4 months

The nurse is caring for a client taking insulin. The nurse realizes the client is experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia when the client displays:

weakness, sweating, and decreased mentation.