Blood vessels
Place the following regions of the aorta in order as it exits from the base of the heart: 1. Descending aorta, 2. Aortic arch, 3. Thoracic aorta, 4. Ascending aorta, 5. Abdominal aorta
(4) ascending aorta, (2) aortic arch, (1) descending aorta, (3) thoracic aorta, and then (5) abdominal aorta.
What is the name of the procedure performed to increase the lumen size in a blood vessel by pushing plaque buildup against the vessel wall?
Angioplasty
An internal elastic membrane can be found in which type of blood vessel?
Arteries
Which type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart toward the tissues?
Arteries
Except near the heart, corresponding arteries and veins usually follow the same path; an example of this is the case of the subclavian arteries and veins. Are these two statements true or false?
Both statements are true.
In the fetal circulation, the foramen ovale permit blood to flow directly from the right to left atria; the ductus arteriosus permits blood to flow from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta. Are these two statements true or false?
Both statements are true.
The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood in the adult circulation; the umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood in the fetal circulation. Are these two statements true or false?
Both statements are true.
Which blood vessel collects blood from the forearm, wrist, and hand?
Brachial vein -via the radial and ulnar veins.
Stimulation of the adrenal medulla would result in which of the following? A. vasodilation of arteries B. a decrease in cardiac output C. an increase in heart rate and contractility D. a decrease in blood pressure
C -epinephrine and norepinephrine
Which of the following describes the function of the umbilical vein?
Carry oxygen-enriched blood from the placenta to the fetal inferior vena cava
Which blood vessel supplies blood to structures external to the skull?
External carotid artery -supplies blood to the neck, face, and scalp
Which artery that branches from the common iliac artery enters the lower limb? External iliac artery Internal iliac artery Left renal artery Inferior mesenteric artery Hepatic artery
External iliac artery
True or false? The blood within the pulmonary trunk contains highly oxygenated blood.
False
The walls of arteries are thinner than the walls of veins. true or false
False -Artery walls are thicker
What feature distinguishes this Fenestrated capillaries from a continuous capillary?
Fenestrations , pores
Which vein in the lower limb collects blood from the superficial veins of the lower limb?
Great saphenous vein
Which of the following veins does NOT directly drain into the inferior vena cava? Gonadal vein Hepatic portal vein Renal vein Phrenic vein Lumbar vein
Hepatic portal vein
Which of the following paired arteries do NOT branch off the abdominal aorta? Iliac arteries Suprarenal arteries Gonadal arteries Renal arteries Lumbar arteries
Iliac arteries
Which blood vessel drains the blood from the brain?
Internal jugular vein -receives blood from the superior sagittal sinus and other brain sinuses and empties into the brachiocephalic vein.
If blood pressure is increased at the arterial baroreceptors, what would happen with the activity level of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS)?
PNS activity would increase and the SNS activity would decrease in an attempt to lower blood pressure.
Which of the following is NOT a vein of the lower limb? Fibular vein Femoral vein Anterior tibial vein Small saphenous vein Phrenic vein
Phrenic vein
What tissue types and features are found in the tunica media of an artery ?
Smooth muscle and elastic fibers
The _____________, which consists of simple squamous epithelium, is the innermost vessel layer
Tunica intima
Which blood vessel layer consists of smooth muscle and elastic fibers?
Tunica media
Which of the following statements is true about veins? Veins are specialized for diffusion. Venous valves are formed from the tunica media. Veins have a small lumen in relation to their thick walls. None of the above statements are true.
Veins are specialized for diffusion.
Each of the following would cause an increase in blood pressure except __________. A. an inhibitor of angiotensin II b. increase in peripheral resistance c. increase in blood volume d. increase in aldosterone
a
Elevated capillary hydrostatic pressure __________. a. forces more fluid between endothelial cells b. lowers heart rate c. raises arterial pressure d. raises heart rate
a
In the case of hemorrhage, the body mobilizes all these defenses except _________. a. decreased ADH secretion b. increased peripheral resistance c. increased thirst d. increased heart rate
a
Which of the following is NOT part of the hepatic portal system? a. Kidney b. Colon c. Pancreas d. Spleen
a
Which of these arteries does not branch directly from the aorta? a. femoral arteries b. left carotid artery c. left coronary artery d. right coronary artery
a
What are the receptors found on the carotid sinus that monitors blood pressure?
baroreceptors
In the capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (HP) is exerted by __________.
blood pressure also known as filtration pressure.
What is the first branch off of the aortic arch?
brachiocephalic trunk
Which blood vessel returns blood to the left atrium? a. superior and Inferior vena cava b. left and right pulmonary arteries c. left and right pulmonary veins d. aorta
c
Which brain region contains the cardiovascular centers? a. hypothalamus b. thalamus c. medulla oblongata d. pons
c
Which of these helps move blood around the systemic system? a. smooth muscle in the tunica media b right ventricle c. arterial pressure greater than venous pressure d. venous pressure greater than arterial pressure
c
Permitting the passage of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of . veins arteries arterioles capillaries
capillaries
The only vessels whose walls are thin enough to exchange with the surrounding cells are __________.
capillaries
The net hydrostatic pressure (HP) is the hydrostatic pressure in the __________ minus hydrostatic pressure in the __________.
capillary; interstitial fluid -Net hydrostatic pressure forces fluid out of the capillary.
Where are the sensors for the arterial baroreceptor reflex located?
carotid sinus and aortic arch
Identify the three unpaired arteries that branch from the abdominal aorta
celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery.
Which three arteries branch off of the celiac trunk
common hepatic artery left gastric artery splenic artery.
All of these changes in the cardiovascular system are commonly seen in aging except __________. a. decrease in valve efficiency b. decrease in hematocrit c. decrease in cardiac output d. decrease in arterial wall stiffness
d
As the heart ages, which of these changes is not normally seen? a. coronary arteriosclerosis b. decreased ejection fraction c. decreased cardiac output d. increased elasticity of the fibrous skeleton
d
Hemorrhage triggers all of these responses except __________. a. release of the venous reserve b. an increase in erythropoiesis c. an increase in heart rate d. an increase in urine production
d
Into which blood vessel does the left ventricle directly pump blood? a. descending aorta b. aortic arch c. pulmonary trunk d. ascending aorta
d
Peripheral resistance depends on all of the following factors except __________. a blood vessel length b blood viscosity c blood vessel diameter d blood colloid osmotic pressure
d
The cardiovascular centers in the medulla oblongata control __________. a. heart rate b. peripheral resistance c. cardiac contractility d. All of these are controlled by the cardiovascular centers in the medulla oblongata.
d
The pulmonary trunk carries ___________ blood __________ the lung. a. oxygenated; from b. deoxygenated; from c. oxygenated; to d. deoxygenated; to
d
When muscle cells contract they release substances that cause nearby precapillary sphincters to relax. This is an example of __________. a. neural regulation b. positive feedback regulation c. endocrine regulation d. autoregulation
d
Which of these arteries does not originate on the aortic arch? a. brachiocephalic b. left carotid c. left subclavian d. coronary
d
Which of the following would cause vasodilation of arterioles?
decreased activity of the sympathetic nervous system
All of the following supply blood to the lower limbs EXCEPT . descending aorta femoral artery popliteal external iliac artery
descending aorta
Arteries have a tissue in their middle and internal vessel walls that veins contain less, called __________ tissue.
elastic
From which artery is one able to feel their pulse?
external carotid artery
All of the following veins drain into the inferior vena cava EXCEPT . gonadal veins adrenal veins external iliac vein lumbar veins
external iliac vein
The blood pressure is greater in systemic veins than in systemic arteries. true or false?
false
The walls of arteries, veins, and capillaries all have the same anatomy. true or false
false -thickness of the layers is different -veins have valves -Capillaries only a single layer of endothelium
Veins that drain the abdominal organs and the lower extremities deposit their blood into the superior vena cava true or false
false. -ans inferior vena cava.
Most arteries are superficial to the veins and can be easily seen under the skin . true or false
false. Most veins are superficial to the arteries and can be easily seen under the skin.
All of the following pairs of arteries arise from the abdominal aorta EXCEPT . adrenal arteries gastric artery gonadal arteries renal arteries
gastric artery
The circulatory route that runs from the digestive to the liver is called the . hepatic portal circulation pulmonary circulation cerebral circulation coronary circulation
hepatic portal circulation
All of the following are veins of the lower limbs EXCEPT . fibular vein popliteal vein external iliac vein
hepatic veins
Which artery supplies blood to the organs in the pelvic cavity? external iliac artery common iliac artery internal iliac artery none of the above
internal iliac artery
Which organ produces renin and erythropoietin to help maintain normal blood pressure and hematocrit?
kidney
The remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus is the __________.
ligamentum arteriosum
What do the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovule become at birth?
ligamentum arteriosum; fossa ovalis
The splenic artery supplies all of the following EXCEPT . liver spleen stomach pancreas
liver
Which vein is often used to collect blood from an individual?
median cubital vein
The arteries that are also called the distributing arteries are the . arterioles muscular arteries elastic arteries capillaries
muscular arteries
Which net pressure draws fluid into the capillary?
net osmotic pressure
Which veins drain blood from the diaphragm?
phrenic veins
Vasomotion refers to contraction-relaxation cycles of the __________.
precapillary sphincters
The colloid osmotic pressure in the capillary is caused by __________.
proteins in the blood -non-diffusible proteins in the plasma exert the colloid osmotic pressure, which pulls fluid into the capillary.
Which vein empties deoxygenated blood into the right atrium?
superior vena cava
The celiac trunk has _______ branches.
three
Which of the following vessels branch off the aortic arch?
three branches of the aortic arch are the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
Blood moving through the systemic circuit passes from the left ventricle, passes through the aorta, and then branches out to the various tissues of the body via arteries before returning to the heart. ttrue or false
true
During fetal development, much of the blood bypasses the pulmonary circuit through a hole in the atrial wall called the foramen ovale.
true
Which tunic of an artery contains endothelium? tunica externa tunica intima tunica media
tunica intima
The layer of a blood vessel that is dominated by smooth muscle cells is called the __________.
tunica media
Which layer of blood vessels contains smooth muscle? tunica media tunica externa tunica intima
tunica media
Which vessels have valves to prevent backflow of blood?
veins
Reabsorption of fluid into the capillary takes place at the arterial end or venous end of the capillary?
venous -Remember where blood pressure is the lowest in the capillary
When does the aorta become the abdominal aorta?
when it passes through the diaphragm
Which of the following would reflect the typical net hydrostatic pressure (HP) at the arterial end of the capillary?
34 mm Hg
Place the flow of blood through the vessels of the upper limb in the correct order beginning with the subclavian artery: 1. Digital artery, 2. Radial artery, 3. Brachial artery, 4. Common palmar, 5. Superficial palmar artery, 6. Axillary artery ____________________.
6, 3, 2, 5, 4, 1
Which blood vessel supplies blood to the large intestine, parts of the small intestine, and some abdominal organs?
Superior mesenteric artery
Which of the following blood vessels does NOT directly drain into the brachiocephalic vein? Subclavian vein Internal jugular vein Vertebral vein External jugular vein Superior vena cava
Superior vena cava
The pulmonary circuit begins in the pulmonary trunk; it continues through the lungs, finally ending at the right atrium. Are these two statements true or false?
The first statement is true; the second is false.
Which description best describes arteries?
all carry blood away from the heart
A decrease in blood pressure at the arterial baroreceptors would result in which of the following?
an increase in heart contractility
Which vessels have the highest blood pressure? capillaries veins venules arteries
arteries
The subclavian artery becomes the _______ as it passes through the armpit.
axillary artery
Arterial blood flow rises and falls during the cardiac cycle because __________. a peripheral resistance rises and b arterial pressure drops c arterial pressure rises and falls d heart rate rises and falls e peripheral resistance rises and falls
b
In liver disease, the production of plasma proteins can be greatly reduced. This often leads to __________. a decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure b decreased blood colloid osmotic pressure c increased blood colloid osmotic pressure d increased blood hydrostatic pressure
b
Stenosis is a permanent narrowing of an artery, as with arteriosclerosis. Which of the following could occur with stenosis of a renal artery? a. Epinephrine secretion will increase. b. Renin secretion will increase. c. Urine output will increase. d. Anemia will occur.
b
The brachial artery branches to form the ulnar and __________ arteries. a. digital b. radial c. palmar d. axillary
b
Which of these arteries does not originate on the abdominal aorta? a. renal b. femoral c. iliac d. splenic
b
Which of these arteries is not part of the cerebral arterial circle? a. anterior cerebral arteries b. basilar artery c. posterior cerebral arteries d. anterior and posterior communicating arteries
b
