BLS

Difference between cardiac arrest and heart attack?

Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart develops an abnormal rhythm and cant pump blood. heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked.

What is the chain of survival for an adult cardiac arrest out of the hospital?

-Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system. - early cpr with an emphasis on chest compression. -Rapid defibrillation with an aed. -effective advanced life support (including rapid stabilization and transport to post cardiac arrest care) -Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care

Importance of multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care link in OHCA.

-Once ROSC is achieved, the next link is for the patient to receive post-cardiac arrest care. - This advanced level of care is provided by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare providers. They focus on preventing the return of cardiac arrest and tailor specific therapies to improve long term survival.

Importance of rapid defibrillation link in IHCA.

-Rapid defibrillation in combination with high-quality CPR can double or triple the chances of survival

What is the chain of survival for an adult cardiac arrest in the hospital?

-Surveillance, prevention, and treatment of prearrest conditions. -Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system. - early cpr with an emphasis on chest compression. -Rapid defibrillation. -Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care

If you have a heart attack you most likely have a ______ problem?why?

A heart attack occurs when a clot forms in a blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. If the blcokced vessel is not reopened quickly, the musccle normally nourished that that by vessels.

How long can signs of cardiac arrest last?

Within seconds, the person becomes unresponsive and is not breathing and gasping. Death occurs within minutes if the victim does not receive immediate lifesaving treatment.

What is the difference between IHCA and OHCA chains of survival as it pertains to level of complexity?

Both IHCA and OHCA cases are typically complex, requiring teamwork and coordination among responders and care providers.

What is the difference between IHCA and OHCA chains of survival as it pertains to resuscitation constraints?

Both IHCA and OHCA may be affected by factors such as crowd control, family presence, space constraints, resources, training, transportation, and device failures.

Define children in reference to BLS skills

1 year of age to puberty

Define infants in reference to BLS skills

Less than 1 year of age (excluding newly born infants in the delivery).

At what depths is chest compression hurtful?

beyond 6cm.

Importance of Rapid defibrillation with an AED in OHCA.

Rapid defibrillation in combination with high quality CPR can double or triple the chances of survival. Provide defibrillation with a manual defibrillation or AED as soon as the device is available. *The AED is a light weight, portable device that can identify heart rhythms and allow the hearts normal rhythm to resume. * AEDs are simple to operate, allowing lay rescuers and healthcare providers to attempt defibrillation safety.

If you have a cardiac arrest you most likely have a ______ problem?why?

Sudden cardiac arrest results from an abnormal

What is different betweenn the links in the pediatric chain of survivial?

There is a prevention link added.

Importance of Effective advanced life support (including rapid stablization and transport to post-cardiac arrest care) link in OHCA.

- Advanced life support (ALS) bridges the transition from BLS to more advanced care. ALS can occr in any setting (both out of the hospital and in hospital). Effective ALS teams may provide the patient with additional care if needed, such as *12-lead electrocardiogram or advanced cardiac monitoring *Electrial therapy interventions (eg cardioversion) *Obtaining vascular access *Giving appropriae drugs *Placing an advanced airway

Importance of early CPR with an emphasis on chest compression link in IHCA.

- If the victim is in cardiac arrest,, begin high-quality CPR without delay. -High -quality CPR started immediately after cardiac arrest can greatly improve a victim's chance of survival. - Bystanders who are not trained in CPR are encourage to atleast provide chest compressions. Chest compressions can be performed by those with no training and can be guided by dispatchers over the telephone.

Importance of immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system link in IHCA.

- Must first recognize that the victim is in cardiac arrest based on unresponsiveness, no breathing ( or no normal breathing or only gasping) and no pulse. -once you realize the victim is in cardiac arrest then start emergency response system or ask someone else to do it. - The sooner you activate the emergency response system, the sooner the next level of care will arrive.

Importance of multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care link in IHCA.

- Once ROSC is achieve, the next link is for the patient to receive post- cardiac arrest care. - This advanced level f care is provide by a multidiscplinary team of health care providers. They focus on preventing the return of cardiac arrest and tailor specific therapes to improve long-term survival. -Post-cardiac arrest care may be provided in the cardiac catheriation suite and/or ICU.

What is the chain of survival for pediatric patients?

1. Prevention of arrest 2. Early high-quality bystander CPR. 3. Rapid activation of the emergency response system. 4. Effective advanced life support (including rapid stabilization and transport to post cardiac arrest care) 5. Integrated post-cardiac arrest care.

Define adults in reference to BLS skills

Adolescents (ie, after the onset of puberty) and older

Chest compressions depth, what is the most ideal?

Compressions depth of 5-6 cm is best.

What is the difference between IHCA and OHCA chains of survival as it pertains to available resources?

IHCA - Depending on the facility, in-hospital multidisciplinary teams may have immediate access to additional personnel as well as resources of the ED, cardiac catheterization lab, and ICU. OHCA - In the out of the hospital settings, lay rescuers may ave access to an AED, such as a through defibrillation system, emergency or first aid equipment, and dispatch-assisted guidance. EMS crews/paramedics may find themselves alone with no resources except those they backup resources and equipment may take some time to arrive.

What is the difference between IHCA and OHCA chains of survival as it pertains to resuscitaton teams?

IHCA- Resuscitation efforts depend on the smooth interaction of the institution's various departments and services (such as the patient ward, emergency department {ED}, cardiac catheterization lab, and ICU) and on a multidisciplinary team of professional providers, which includes physicians, nurses, respiratory therapist, pharmacists, counselors, and others. OHCA- Lay rescuers are expected to recognize the patients emergency department {ED}, cardiac catheterization lab, before the patient is transferred to an ICU for continued care.

What is the difference between IHCA and OHCA chains of survival as it pertains to initial support?

IHCA-Depends on an in-hospital system of appropriate surveillance, monitoring, and prevention with responsive primary provider. OHCA- depends on community and ems provider for support.

Why does cardiac arrest ususally happen in adult patients in the hospital?

It usually occurs because of a serious respiratory or circulatory conditions that get worse.

Importance of surveillance, prevention, and treatment of prearrest conditions link in IHCA.

Many arrest can be predicted and prevented by careful observation, prevention, and early treatment of prearrest conditions.

What does OHCA and IHCA mean?

OHCA- Out of the hospital cardiac arrest IHCA- In the hospital cardiac arrest

Importance of immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of emergency response system in OHCA.

You must first recognize that the victim is in cardiac