BMGT 1327- Ch.6-10

scalar chain.

You are a first-line manager at the Wausau Widget Works, but you like to go directly to the company CEO with problems because you do not trust middle management. Despite your good intentions, you are violating your company's

A chameleon

You are at a creative-thinking seminar, and the instructor asks you to think of a creature that symbolizes how organizational structures change in real time. Which of the following would you choose?

product departmentalization.

You own a small automobile company, and you make three lines of subcompact cars. You appoint a vice president in charge of each car, with complete authority to manufacture and market the vehicle he or she is in charge of. You have employed

the recognition of a need for change.

A basic idea in the comprehensive model is that the change process begins with

Markov modeling.

A common quantitative technique that uses historical records to determine the probabilities, in one year, of employees in a specific job either staying in that job, moving to another job in the company, or leaving the company is

conglomerate.

A corporation that has diversified into a variety of unrelated businesses is known as a

Non-programmed

A decision to build a new plant, acquire another company, create a new position, enter into a strategic alliance, invest in enhancing operations, or develop a new product is a type of decision.

unfreezing.

A large performance gap that results in an organization initiating a change is an example of Lewin's phase of

360-degree feedback.

A process that asks co-workers from the employee's inner circle to rate the employee's strengths and weaknesses on different elements of performance is

Those businesses that are viewed positively in the sense that they are located in attractive, fast-growing markets, but for which there is a question as to their ability to compete, given their low market share

According to the Boston Consulting Group, what are question marks?

life insurance.

All of the following are examples of mandatory protection programs EXCEPT

the company's compensation budget.

All of the following are related to setting up a compensation system EXCEPT

the greater his or her willingness to take risks.

Generally speaking, the more confident a person is

planning is much easier.

Generally, if the company can reliably assume that the organization and the external environment will remain relatively stable and similar to that of the recent past,

the growing diversity of the work force.

HRM programs have become more important to companies because of increasing competition, more legislation affecting employment decisions, increasing technology, and

Were enough alternatives generated and considered?

If the decision making process fails, which of the following questions would normally NOT be asked to determine why it failed?

mechanistic latent structures.

In Joan Woodward's studies of the relationship between type of technology and structure, she found that mass-production technology was best used in organizations with

it depends on several factors, such as the type of task and the ability of the group members.

In answer to the question, "Do groups or individuals make better decisions?" we can say

acquiring other businesses.

In plain language, diversification is

the target to be achieved.

In stating a goal, the volume of sales or the extent of management training to be accomplished is

Co-optation and participation

In the academic world, deans will often appoint troublesome faculty members to advisory committees. This practice usually makes use of what two techniques to reduce resistance to change?

Managers will allow for the fact that stress and emotion inevitably affect their judgment.

In the administrative model of decision making, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of satisficing?

tactical goals.

Intermediate goals that are more specific and that are usually written by and directed to middle-level managers are

distinctive competence.

MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company has doubled its wind energy capacity by installing windmills and high-tech batteries to make it a "cleaner" utility company. In high-tech renewable energy, this company has a

too unrealistic and time consuming to be applied to real situations.

One of the justified criticisms of the classical model of decision making is that it is

gives organizations a basis for plotting strategy.

One of the major advantages of the newer GE matrix for business portfolio assessment is that it

500

Overall, pay for top executives is now more than times that made by the average worker in the United States.

can cause radical changes in another part.

Perhaps the key aspect of or element in the congruence model of organizational change is that changes in one part of the system

demographic equality laws.

Some major federal and state laws that affect human resource management include all of the following EXCEPT

the external environment and long-term goals.

Strategic planning differs from general planning in that it focuses on

integrity tests.

Tests that measure an applicant's thoughts and reactions to a number of illegal or unethical situations are called

Herbert Simon.

The administrative model of decision making is a descriptive approach based on the work of Nobel Prize winning economist

using an appropriate group decision making technique and by how effectively the group capitalizes on the advantages and minimizes the disadvantages of group decision making.

The effectiveness of group decision making can be enhanced by

quantitative.

The employee demand forecasting methods that use statistical techniques are

not consistently positive.

The evaluations that have been done on job enlargement have shown that its results are

changing strategy.

The fact that the Washington Post Company no longer publishes The Washington Post and has even changed its name is an example of

determining the mission and strategic goals.

The first step in strategic planning is

the congruence

The key aspect of model is that system elements, both inputs and processes, interact with one another such that changes in one part of the system can cause radical changes in another part of the system.

a wage and salary survey.

The most often used job evaluation methods include all of the following EXCEPT

formal organization

The organizational chart shows the structure of the , which is the arrangement of positions that dictates where work activities are completed, where decisions should be made, and the flow of information.

bailing out of a course of action too soon.

The other side of disastrous escalation of commitment is

employment-at-will.

The principle that holds that an employment contract is a legal agreement between free agents in which the government should not interfere, and either party may break the contract at any time, for any reason, is called

technology.

The process and knowledge of transforming inputs into outputs, which may well influence an organization's structure, is

overqualified.

The purpose of recruiting is to attract applicants who are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

training breaks the monotony of work.

The reasons why training is an important human resource program include all of the following EXCEPT

the productivity index and regression analysis.

Two examples of quantitative forecasting methods are

A multidivisional structure or hybrid; typically a very large corporation that has organized its departments into divisions

What is a divisionalized form?

A six-phase overall organizational intervention that comprehensively and systematically attempts to enhance personal management style, team functioning, intergroup problem solving, overall organizational functioning, and the ability of the organization to continually improve how it solves its own problems, resolves conflicts, and makes decisions

What is meant by grid OD?

The immediate comprehension that something is the case, seemingly without the use of any reasoning process or conscious analysis

What is meant by intuition?

The division of work into smaller, distinct tasks

What is meant by job specialization?

The advancement of a current employee to a higher-level job within the organization

What is meant by promotion?

An outgrowth of the systems approach to organizational theory, emphasizes the interrelationships between the various parts of an organization and how change in one part will cause reactive changes in other parts

What is the congruence model of change?

Differentiation

What name is given to a business strategy in which the strategic business unit offers a unique good or service to a customer at a premium price?

Classical model of decision making

What name is given to a prescriptive approach--asserting that managers are logical, rational individuals who make decisions that are in the best interests of the organization--that outlines how managers should make decisions?

Collective bargaining

What name is given to a process of negotiation through which management and unions reach an agreement regarding employee pay, work conditions, and hours?

Professional bureaucracy

What name is given to an organization that has a functional structure, is medium sized, and works best in stable environments, but has primarily professional employees and a decentralized informal structure?

SWOT analysis

What name is given to the evaluation of the organization's internal strengths and weaknesses and the opportunities and threats associated with the business's external environment?

Product division structure

What name is given to the organization of divisions by product?

Recruiting

What name is given to the process of attracting potential new employees to the organization?

Stars

What name is given to those businesses that have high market shares and operate in industries experiencing major growth?

Refreezing

What stabilizes the organization at a new state of behavioral equilibrium?

Continuous technology

What term describes a method of production in which raw materials flow constantly through a system that transforms them into finished products?

Confidence

What term describes a person's faith that his or her decisions are reliable and good?

Portfolio analysis

What term describes a technique that allows managers to visualize their businesses as a set or portfolio using certain common criteria, such as profitability or growth potential?

Moving

What term describes a transition period during which the behaviors of the organization or department are shifted to a new level?

Unions

What term describes employee organizations that work with employers to achieve better pay, hours, and working conditions?

Multidivisional structure

What term describes the organization of departments together into larger groups called divisions?

Human resource planning

What term involves forecasting the organization's future demand for employees, forecasting the future supply of employees within the organization, and designing programs to correct the discrepancy between the two?

Political model of decision making

What term is based on the idea that certain individuals or groups will be able to influence others to achieve their goals?

Mission statement

What term is used to describe a formal written declaration of the organization's mission that often includes the firm's philosophy, its primary products and markets, the intended geographic scope, and the nature of the relationships between the firm, its stakeholders, and society?

changed its structure and design.

When Sallie Mae, the largest student loan provider in the United States, broke up into two businesses—one to service government-backed student loans and one to focus on private student loans—it

Communicating a vision

When a CEO describes the company's future in the succinct slogan "anywhere, anytime," what device is he or she using to facilitate change?

feedback to help understand deficiencies.

When a company fails to achieve its intended performance, it can use the strategic control process as a means of

Small-batch technology

When a defense contractor has a contract that specifies that a relatively small number of missiles or planes will be produced, it will usually rely on which of the following levels of technology?

Coercion

When a manager is under extreme pressure of time to implement a change, he or she will sometimes resort to the use of what tactic?

escalation of commitment.

When a manager persists in a failing course of action and discounts negative information, he or she is engaging in

planned change.

When an organization deliberately structures operations and behaviors in anticipation of environmental forces, it is engaging in

Task forces

When an organization puts together a temporary group of employees responsible for making a particular change, it is using which of the following coordinating mechanisms?

short-term indicators.

When an organization sets out to evaluate a strategy that it has implemented, it must often rely on

refreezing.

When total quality management teams eventually become part of an organization's standard operating procedures, we have an example of Lewin's phase of

the area of responsibility usually assigned to the divisional-level managers

Which of the following characteristics relates to a business-level strategy?

Legally mandated plans within organizations that attempt to increase job opportunities for traditionally underrepresented areas of the workforce

Which of the following characteristics relates to affirmative action programs?

A centralized, informal, but complex organization which tries to maintain flexibility in the face of rapid environmental changes by using a matrix or network formal structure

Which of the following characteristics relates to an adhocracy?

The idea that people have limits to their rationality

Which of the following characteristics relates to bounded rationality?

The linking of subunits on the same level

Which of the following characteristics relates to horizontal coordination?

All activities that forecast the number and type of employees an organization will need and then find and develop employees with necessary skills

Which of the following characteristics relates to human resource management (HRM)?

A large-scale planned change in how the firm operates

Which of the following characteristics relates to quantum change?

All the processes an organization undertakes to develop and implement its strategic plan

Which of the following characteristics relates to strategic management?

Occurs when groups of employees are used to determine ways to allocate tasks and assign responsibilities

Which of the following characteristics relates to team structure?

A process that involves the use of a highly structured meeting agenda and restricts discussion or interpersonal communication during the decision making process

Which of the following characteristics relates to the nominal group technique?

Third-party peacemaking

Which of the following involves a consultant who facilitates conflict resolution between two individuals?

A relatively permanent statement of mission based on constancies and stabilities in the environment

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a strategy?

Each idea is rank ordered by the group leader.

Which of the following is NOT a step in the nominal group decision process?

Emotion and stress will affect the decision making process.

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the classical model of decision making?

Customers

Which of the following is NOT an example of an internal force that may affect an organization?

Workers become highly motivated to perform well.

Which of the following is NOT considered an advantage of job specialization?

Mandating the intervention by the board of directors

Which of the following is NOT likely to lead to a successful organizational development intervention?

Groups generally take less time to make a decision.

Which of the following is NOT normally considered a disadvantage of group over individual decision making?

Mission

Which of the following refers to a definition of an organization's fundamental purpose and its basic philosophy?

Holding company

Which of the following refers to an organization composed of several very different kinds of businesses, each of which is permitted to operate largely autonomously?

Innovation

Which of the following refers to the act of introducing a new product, method, process, or approach?

Satisficing

Which of the following refers to the decision maker's decision to choose the first alternative that appears to resolve the problem satisfactorily?

Responsibility

Which of the following refers to the individual's burden of accountability for attainment of the organization's goals?

Escalation of commitment

Which of the following refers to the tendency to persist with a failing course of action?

vertical or scalar organization.

Since authority relationships usually flow down an organizational chart, this organizing activity is sometimes known as

Lewin's unfreezing step.

The comprehensive model of planned change idea that it is necessary to prepare people for change is very similar to

Firms that pursue unrelated diversification strategies

What are conglomerates?

Decisions made in response to situations that are unique, relatively unstructured, undefined, and/or of major consequence to the organization

What are non-programmed decisions?

Job redesign

What focuses on changing the nature of how tasks are performed and often entails job rotation, job enrichment, and/or job enlargement?

The basis on which an organization gives money, goods, or services to its employees in exchange for their work

What is a compensation system?

The scope and resource deployment components of strategy for the enterprise as a whole

What is meant by corporate strategy?

skill.

Diversity encompasses all of the following EXCEPT

assigning a probability of success to each alternative.

Even when the most thorough evaluation of alternatives has been done, decision makers may end up

forecasting demand for employees.

Job analysis is a key component of human resource planning because it is used for all of the following EXCEPT

quantum change.

Large-scale planned change that involves significantly altering how the firm operates is called

its formal and latent structures are in harmony.

An organization is likely to be most effective when

Transition

An organization will develop and use feedback mechanisms, such as surveys and consultant interviews, to ensure that changes are happening as planned when it is managing what phase of the change process?

little or no reliable information is available.

As it relates to decision making, uncertainty may be said to be the condition that exists when

limited resources.

At even the largest and most affluent corporation, the strategic management process begins with

implement their visions.

At the most basic level, people form organizations to

full disclosure of the proposed change.

Common reasons for resistance to change include all of the following EXCEPT

request input from potential customers.

All of the following are steps in the planning process EXCEPT

tests.

To find out if applicants have the specific KSAs during the selection process, many organizations use

they prefer to take their time analyzing data and examining different alternatives completely before making a decision.

All of the following describe managers with a directive style of decision making EXCEPT

a mission statement.

"Improving people's lives by providing gas and electric services in a sustainable way -- affordable, reliable and clean" is an example of