Body Systems: Disease, Trauma, & Congenital Defects

Veins

blood vessels which lead away from the heart toward tissues

Arteriosclerosis

build up of deposits on the walls of arteries; also known as "hardening of the arteries"

Congenital Defect

defect of fault in the body which occurs at birth

Respiratory System

System of organs and structures which transports oxygen and waste products to cells in the body; includes lungs, mouth, nose, and trachea

Excretory System

System of organs which includes the kidney, bladder and skin, which removes waste products in the body

Organ

group of tissues working together to preform a particular function in the body

Disease

illness or a disorder of the human body with a specific set of symptoms

Tissue

many cells working together to accomplish a task in the body

Body System

organs which work together to preform a function in the body

Trauma

physical injury to the human body

Aging

process of growing older in the human body

Hormone

Chemical messenger in the body produced by glands

Arteries

Blood vessels which lead away from the heart toward tissues

Cardiovascular System

Body System which includes blood vessels and heart and transports materials throughout the body

Gland

Body structure which produces hormones; includes pancreas, pituitary, adreanl

Immune System

Body system which helps to fight illness; includes white blood cells, spleen and lymph nodes

Reproductive System

System in the body which includes organs such as the uterus, ovaries, testes and penis, which functions to bring together egg and sperm cell for the purpose of procreation

Trachea

Tube which supplies air into the lungs; also known as the windpipe

Capillaries

small blood vessels which connect arteries and veins

Cell

smallest functional unit of a living thing

Homeostasis

stable set of conditions an organism needs to survive

Musculoskeletal System

system of organs which provides support and movement to the body; includes muscles and bones

Integumentary System

system of organs which works to protect the body; includes skin, hair and nails

Nervous System

system of organs, including the brain, spinal cord and nerves, which senses the world around us and sends messages throughout the body

Digestive System

system of organs, including the mouth, stomach, small and large intestines, and liver, which works to break food down into nutrients for absorption

Endocrine System

system which includes the glands in the body which works to secrete hormones

Menopause

time in the female body when egg release ceases

Epithelial Tissue

tissue lining and covering parts other body

Connective Tissue

tissue which supports and connects part of the body

Atrophy

when body structures (such as tissues or cells) lose mass over time