Body Weight and Body Composition
The size acceptance movement is also known as the ______ movement.
"fit and fat"
Worldwide, what is the estimated percentage of people around the world who are obese?
13%
Because a pound of body fat stores about this many calories, you will need to decrease your total calorie intake for the week by this same number of calories to lose one pound of weight.
3,500
What can consumers do to influence the nature and quality of foods available to them, even though advertising may strongly promote unhealthy products?
Complain about or refuse to buy unhealthy products depicted in ads.
True or false: Worldwide, rates of obesity are very similar between countries.
False
Unlike medications and other edible items, weight loss aids are not regulated by this government agency.
Food and Drug Administration
Which of the following statements regarding surgical options for weight loss are true?
Gastric surgery should not be used as a first-line approach to obesity. Typical weight loss after surgery is greater than weight loss with medication.
Sam wants to lose weight and be healthy. Spending time with which of the following of his friends would most likely help him reach his goal?
Gavin, who plays three sports, runs, and lifts weights everyday
How do social connections influence your weight?
If your friends maintain a healthy weight, you tend to do the same.
Which of the following statements about abdominal fat is true?
It is associated with high cholesterol levels.
How are non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) and exercise activity thermogenesis (EAT) related in different people?
NEAT and EAT are both highly variable.
What happens to health when communities develop walking trails, green spaces, and bike lanes?
People exercise more and have less obesity.
Who of the following exemplifies sedentary behavior?
Rick lies on the couch and texts his friends.
Which of the following statements regarding the thyroid gland are correct?
The thyroid gland is located in the neck. The thyroid gland produces a hormone that is involved in metabolism.
Which of the following are reasons insurance companies should expand coverage of obesity prevention programs?
There is evidence that obesity is associated with risks of many medical conditions. Rising health care costs mean it is in everyone's best interest to promote obesity prevention.
In which of the following ways do hormones play a role in appetite and energy expenditure?
They adjust metabolic rate. They monitor stomach fullness. They act in the brain to signal when to finish eating.
What are reasons weight-loss drugs are not recommended for anyone who is obese?
They can have side effects. They require medical supervision.
Which of the following statements are correct about very-low-calorie diets (with a daily intake of 800 calories or less) for treating obesity?
They should only be attempted under a doctor's supervision. They can help people lose 20% of their body weight in 26 weeks.
What could happen if people have too little body fat?
They would not be able to produce hormones.
This type of diabetes is related to obesity and 90 to 95 percent of people with diabetes have this type of the disease.
Type-2
What are the two current classes of prescription weight loss drugs?
Weight loss drugs that act in the brain and those that act in the body.
Which of the following questions should consumers ask before using herbal and dietary supplements for weight loss?
What are the potential risks and side effects of the product? Is there data to support the claims that this product works? Do the proven benefits (if any) outweigh the risk and side effects?
What is the relationship between restrictive diets and weight loss?
When people leave restrictive diets, they tend to gain weight.
How does sleep deprivation influence weight control?
When you sleep too little, you eat energy-dense foods and gain weight.
A fully grown adult with a body mass index that is 18.5 to 24.9 would probably be considered
a healthy weight.
At the onset of menopause, fat distribution shifts to the
abdomen.
As the rate of obesity has risen in the United States, the rate of diabetes has
also risen.
Which of the following is not a factor associated with good health?
an extremely low body weight
In general, unhealthy foods
are less expensive. are more readily available.
Weight-loss aids are not regulated as highly as medications because weight-loss aids
are marketed as dietary supplements.
The rate at which the body uses energy to maintain basic life functions is known as the
basal metabolic rate.
Mae is starting a new dieting plan, which requires her to monitor her behavior and record information in a notebook every half hour. Because the excessive amount of recording is somewhat unrealistic, it is likely to
be an obstacle to achieving her goal.
A SMART goal for weight loss should
be easy to measure while tracking your progress.
Obese women may find it difficult to
become pregnant.
For which of the following groups is Overeaters Anonymous generally best suited?
binge eaters persons with emotional issues related to weight
Community planning involves such activities as
building parks and trails.
How can people monitor portion sizes to regulate caloric intake?
by dividing prepackaged food into smaller containers by reading the calorie counts on menus by reading serving sizes on food labels
How can local governments promote healthy foods?
by making loans cheaper for supermarkets in under served areas by providing tax breaks for stores selling healthy food by setting aside land for community gardens
What is the most effective way for consumers to promote the availability of healthier food in stores?
by not buying unhealthy food
The amount of typical body fat in a normal, healthy person
can differ according to a person's gender.
Surgical treatments for weight loss
can improve or eliminate diabetes.
One important consideration with very-low-calorie diets is that they
can make it hard to maintain long-term weight loss.
Fad diets typically follow a pattern of altering the balance of which of the following components?
carbohydrates fat protein
Fat carried around the waist, or abdomen, is called ______ obesity.
central
To measure their abdominal fat, people can measure the
circumference of their waists.
What is an example of non-exercise activity thermogenesis?
climbing stairs to get to your classes
Mayor Stevenson has signed an agreement that creates a walking trail connecting major shopping areas in her town, This is an example of
community planning.
A new diet must be which of the following in order to work well?
compatible safe holistic
Obese people have an increased risk for which of the following health problems?
coronary heart disease high blood pressure
When people are considering familiar food choices, they are mostly influenced by factors such as taste, convenience, and
cost
Which of the following behaviors are linked to establishing a healthier lifestyle?
eating a balanced diet moderate-intensity physical exercise every week
The relationship of the intake calories to the consumption of calories through metabolism and movement is called
energy balance.
If obese parents adopt children who become obese, this scenario demonstrates how obesity can be caused by
environmental factors.
What are characteristics of a healthy body weight?
fat distribution that is not a risk factor for illness body composition with an acceptable amount of fat acceptable body mass index absence of medical conditions
If both of your parents are obese, you have a
greater likelihood of being obese.
Popular weight management organizations, such as Jenny Craig, Overeaters Anonymous, TOPS, and Weight Watchers all
include education and weekly support.
The experience of weight discrimination
leads to behaviors that increase obesity.
When you sleep, you expend ______ energy than when you are awake.
less
Compared with food served in fast-food outlets, foods that are prepared in the home are likely to contain
less fat. more fiber.
Obesity levels have increased for children in
lower-income households.
If you keep a steady weight, your hormones
maintain your food intake and energy expenditure to within 10 calories of each other.
The size acceptance movement aims to change the focus of health from weight loss to weight
management.
Diet drugs and surgical procedures are two types of ______ strategies to treating obesity. (Remember to type only one word in the blank.)
medical
If your body takes in fewer calories than your body uses, this situation is known as
negative energy balance.
Programs that combine which of the following are likely to produce sustainable changes in treating obesity?
nutrition education exercise education lifestyle modification
To gain weight, you should eat energy-dense foods, such as
nuts. fish.
According to the National Institutes of Health, 34.9 percent of Americans are considered
obese
Body weight that greatly exceeds the recommended guidelines as indicated by a BMI of 30 is defined as
obesity.
Where do obese women in their 30s and 40—before the onset of menopause—tend to accumulate fat?
on the hips and thighs
Among low-income children in the United States ages 2 to 4, an estimated ______ is obese.
one in three
Healthy weight loss is considered the loss of how many pounds per week?
one to two
Among American adults, just over 33% meet the criteria for
overweight.
Body weight that exceeds, but does not greatly exceed, the recommended guidelines is referred to as
overweight.
When buying supplements, consumers should look for research that is
peer-reviewed in mainstream publications.
The way most communities are designed in the United States means that
people drive more often than they walk, even on very short trips.
What is believed to be a major cause of the recent increase in overweight and obesity?
poor childhood eating habits
To combat obesity, the U.S. surgeon general has challenged schools to
promote healthy, balanced meals.
Body fat levels in adolescent boys and girls are greatly influenced by
puberty hormones
Fad diets typically label products as "good" or "bad," and they often typically
require the elimination of one of the basic food groups. prescribe foods that allegedly burn fat.
Reducing the time spent in sedentary activities could mean less time
riding in cars. watching television.
People who go through an entire day without engaging in any significant physical activity are said to have a(n) ______ lifestyle.
sedentary
Time spent sitting or lying down while awake is known as
sedentary behavior.
Timber tracks the food she eats and how many miles she runs each week. This is an example of
self-supervision.
Which of the following describes a SMART goal in the context of weight management?
setting specific guidelines to achieve a specific goal
An overactive thyroid gland can cause a person to lose weight because it
speeds up a person's metabolism.
With rapid weight loss that is associated with fad diets, the body can enter this mode.
starvation
Cortisol is responsible for doing this to the appetite.
stimulating
Identifying environmental cues associated with unhealthy eating habits and being aware of when, where, and why you are eating are examples of which behavior management tool?
stimulus control
Adrenaline is an appetite
suppressant.
The three medical strategies to treat obesity are diet drugs, very-low-calorie diets, and
surgical procedures.
An estimate of the amount of energy required to process the food an individual eats is known as the
thermic effect of food.
Which of the following activities contribute to an obesogenic environment?
watching television driving a car using a computer
A person's body mass index measures a person's ______ relative to his or her height.
weight
Which of the following is associated with an increased reliance on fast foods for meals?
weight gain
To gain weight in a healthy manner, you should engage in physical activity that emphasizes
weight training.
Obese people who were bullied for being overweight in childhood
will also face discrimination as adults.
The larger the portion size, the
worse people become at estimating how much they are eating.