BOP CHAPTER 16

Peat mosses belong to the phylum ______, class ______. a. Bryophyta; Sphagnidae b. Bryophyta; Andreaeidae c. Bryophyta; Bryidae d. Hepatophyta; Sphagnidae e. Hepatophyta; Bryidae

A

The function of elaters is to: a. help disperse spores. b. help disperse gemmae. c. strengthen the spore wall. d. conduct water and nutrients through the plant body. e. support the archegoniophores.

A

A major difference between the spore walls of bryophytes and charophytes is that the bryophyte spore walls contain: a. lignin. b. sporopollenin. c. cellulose. d. phenolic materials. e. stomata.

B

Anthoceros is an example of a: a. moss. b. hornwort. c. leafy liverwort. d. thalloid liverwort. e. vascular plant.

B

Matrotrophy refers to the: a. attraction of sperm by the egg. b. nourishment of the zygote by the archegonium. c. transport of sugars through the placenta. d. division of the zygote within the venter. e. movement of sugars through plasmodesmata.

B

The genus ______ is characterized by capsules raised on a pseudopodium. a. Andreaea b. Sphagnum c. Polytrichum d. Anthoceros e. Ricciocarpus

B

The granite mosses belong to the phylum ______, class ______. a. Bryophyta; Sphagnidae b. Bryophyta; Andreaeidae c. Bryophyta; Bryidae d. Hepatophyta; Sphagnidae e. Hepatophyta; Bryidae

B

The protonema of Andreaea consists of ______ of cells. a. a single row b. two or more rows c. a two-layer-thick plate d. a one-layer-thick plate e. two overlapping plates

B

Which of the following statements about bryophytes is FALSE a. They lack xylem and phloem. b. The cell walls of their water-conducting cells are lignified. c. They exhibit alternating heteromorphic generations. d. The sporophyte is usually nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte. e. The gametophyte is usually larger than the sporophyte.

B

______ is a liverwort that carries its gametangia on gametophores. a. Frullania b. Marchantia c. Anthoceros d. Riccia e. Ricciocarpus

B

A peristome is a capsular structure characteristic of members of the phylum ______, class ______. a. Bryophyta; Sphagnidae b. Bryophyta; Andreaeidae c. Bryophyta; Bryidae d. Hepatophyta; Sphagnidae e. Hepatophyta; Bryidae

C

Bryophytes are a group of organisms at the transition between: a. brown algae and green algae. b. fungi and plants. c. green algae and vascular plants. d. nonvascular and vascular plants. e. aquatic and terrestrial plants.

C

Embryophytes are characterized by having: a. few mitotic divisions between fertilization and meiosis. b. a multicellular embryo that has stomata. c. a multicellular, matrotrophic embryo. d. a dominant gametophyte generation. e. vascular tissues.

C

Hadrom contains: a. gametes. b. food-conducting cells. c. water-conducting cells. d. spores. e. degenerate nuclei.

C

In the liverworts, an androecium is a: a. structure producing sperm. b. group of water-conducting cells. c. short side branch bearing antheridia. d. tubular sheath surrounding the archegonium. e. structure of the gemma cup.

C

The "true mosses" belong to the phylum ______, class ______. a. Bryophyta; Sphagnidae b. Bryophyta; Andreaeidae c. Bryophyta; Bryidae d. Hepatophyta; Sphagnidae e. Hepatophyta; Bryidae

C

Which of the following is NOT a group of mosses of phylum Bryophyta? a. Peat mosses b. Granite mosses c. Club mosses d. Bryidae e. Andreaeidae

C

Which of the following is a flagellated cell in bryophytes? a. Zoospore b. Egg c. Sperm d. Gemma e. Zygote

C

Which of the following statements concerning the transport of nutrients from the gametophyte to the embryo is FALSE? a. Transport is apoplastic. b. Transport is facilitated by the placenta. c. Transport occurs via plasmodesmata. d. The archegonium provides sugars to the embryo. e. The archegonium provides amino acids to the embryo.

C

A perianth is characteristically found in the: a. thalloid liverworts. b. hornworts. c. mosses. d. leafy liverworts. e. genus Marchantia.

D

At maturity, the sporophyte of most bryophytes consists of the: a. foot and seta only. b. seta and capsule only. c. capsule and calyptra only. d. foot, seta, and capsule. e. seta, capsule, and calyptra.

D

In Marchantia, the mature capsule contains: a. spores only. b. elaters only. c. gemmae only. d. spores and elaters only. e. spores, elaters, and gemmae.

D

The base of the bryophyte archegonium, called the ______, contains ______. a. placenta; a single egg b. capsule; spermatogenous cells c. calyptra; several eggs d. venter; a single egg e. seta; spermatogenous cells

D

The calyptra is an enlarged: a. placenta. b. foot. c. capsule. d. venter. e. seta.

D

The protonema of Sphagnum consists of ______ of cells. a. a single row b. two or more rows c. a two-layer-thick plate d. a one-layer-thick plate e. two overlapping plates

D

What is the function of hydroids? a. Anchoring the gametophyte b. Photosynthesis c. Aiding in spore dispersal d. Conducting water e. Conducting food

D

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by bryophytes and vascular plants? a. Multicellular sporangia b. Sporopollenin in spore walls c. Tissues produced by an apical meristem d. Retention of the embryo within an antheridium e. Antheridia and archegonia with sterile jacket layers

D

Which of the following statements about bryophytes is FALSE? a. They may be thalloid or leafy. b. Some species contain strands with conducting functions. c. They do not have true stems and leaves. d. They have rhizoids that absorb water and nutrients. e. Some species have plasmodesmata with a desmotubule.

D

Which of the following statements about sexual reproduction in bryophytes is FALSE? a. Sperm are the only flagellated cells produced by bryophytes. b. The zygote is matrotrophic. c. Sex is governed by the distribution of sex chromosomes. d. In the antheridium, the spermatogenous cells are "sterile." e. Chemicals released from the archegonium attract sperm.

D

Which of the following statements about stomata is FALSE? a. Each stoma is bordered by two guard cells. b. They aid in the uptake of CO2. c. They generate a flow of water between sporophyte and gametophyte. d. They occur in all bryophytes. e. They are sites of loss of water vapor.

D

Which of the following statements concerning hornworts is FALSE? a. Some gametophytes have chloroplasts containing a pyrenoid. b. A meristem develops between the foot and the sporangium. c. The sporophyte contains several layers of photosynthetic cells. d. The sporophyte is covered with a cuticle but lacks stomata. e. The sporophyte dehisces longitudinally.

D

Gemmae are multicellular structures involved in: a. protecting the young embryo. b. anchoring the plant to the soil. c. water and nutrient conduction. d. sexual reproduction. e. asexual reproduction.

E

In bryophytes, fertilization takes places in the: a. open water. b. capsule. c. seta. d. antheridium. e. archegonium.

E

Leaves of leafy liverworts differ from those of mosses in that liverwort leaves: a. are of equal size. b. are spirally arranged. c. have a thickened midrib. d. are entire rather than lobed or dissected. e. are arranged in two rows with a third row of smaller leaves.

E