Brachial Plexus

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how many pairs of spinal nerves are there

31

what roots form the superior trunk of the brachial plexus?

C5,C6

What roots make up the brachial plexus?

C5-T1

the brachial plexus is a collection of nerves from which spinal levels?

C5-T1

What roots form the middle trunk?

C7

what roots form the inferior trunk?

C8,T1

name the 5 stages of plexus organization (hint there's a saying for this)

Roots (5), Trunks (3), Division (6), Cords (3), Branches (5)

what muscles does the radial nerve innervate?

all extensor muscles of arm, forearm, wrist, metacarpophalangeal joints and thumb

what are the divisions of the brachial plexus?

anterior and posterior divisions for each of the three trunks

posterior cord terminal branches are what 2 nerves?

axillary and radial

all the infraclavicular branches arise from what?

cords of the plexus

where can you find the cords beginning to form?

deep to pectoralis minor

Where can you find the start of the trunks?

deep to the inferior head of the omohyoid

what muscles does the axillary nerve innervate?

deltoid and teres minor

where is the nerve cell body located in a dorsal root

dorsal root ganglion

4 superclavicular branches are

dorsal scapular (c4,c5) root suprascapular (c5,c6) branches from superior trunk Subclavius (c5.c6) branches from superior trunk Long thoracic (c5-c7) root

the musculocutaneous nerve innervates what?

flexor muscles in anterior arm

the ulnar nerve innervates what?

flexor muscles in forearm and hand

what does the median nerve innervate?

flexor muscles in forearm and thumb

where is the nerve cell bodies in the ventral root located

in the cords and then they travel out to the ventral root

the medial cord is formed from the anterior division of what trunks?

inferior trunk

the 6 divisions then form 3 cords name them

lateral cord, medial cord, posterior cord

1 branches from the lateral cord what is this nerve

lateral pectoral nerve (c5-7)

what muscle does the thoracodorsal nerve innervate?

latissimus dorsi

3 branches from the medial cord what nerves are they?

medial pectoral nerve (c8,t1) medial brachial cutaneous nerve (c8,t1) medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (c8,t1)

the lateral and medial cords terminal branches make up what nerve

median nerve

ventral root carries what kind of fibers

motor

the lateral cords terminal branch is what nerve

musculocutaneous

name the 5 terminal branches?

musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, radial, axillary

what does the lateral pectoral nerve innervate?

pectoralis major

what muscles does the medial pectoral nerve innervate?

pectoralis minor and major

where can you find the start of the divisions?

posterior to the clavicle

what muscles does dorsal scapular innervate?

rhomboids, levator scapulae

dorsal roots carry what kind of fibers

sensory

what fibers come together to form spinal nerves

sensory and motor

what muscles does the long thoracic innervate?

serratus anterior

what muscles does the nerve to the subclavius innervate?

subclavius

what muscle does the upper and lower subscapular nerve innervate

subscapularis

the lateral cord is formed from the anterior division of what trunks?

superior and middle trunks

the peripheral branches of the plexus fall into 3 categories name them

supraclavicular (4) infraclavicular (7) terminal branches (5)

what muscles does the suprascapular nerve innervate?

supraspinatus, infraspinatus

the axillary artery is located between what?

the anterior and posterior divisions of the brachial plexus

there are NO branches from where?

the divisions of the plexus

the posterior cord is formed from what division of all 3 trunks?

the posterior division

medial cords terminal branch is what nerve

ulnar nerve

3 branches from the posterior cord name them

upper subscapular nerve lower subscapular nerve thoracodorsal (medial) subscapular nerve

A spinal nerve is composted of 2 roots name them

ventral and dorsal


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