BSC 315 Clicker Questions

You purchase two fancy purple frogs from a frog breeder. When you breed them, they produce 40 frogs that are purple, and 20 that are brown (the most common color in nature). If you then mate one of the purple offspring to one of the brown offspring and they produce 40 offspring, how many purple frogs should you expect to see? A. 20 B. 5 C. 10 D. 0 E. 30

A. 20

What would be a good use of transgenics in gene expression studies? A. a reporter gene can be cloned so that it is under the control of tissue specific regulatory regions B. a gene from the transgenic chromosome can be cloned under an artificial promoter and enhancer regions C. a gene from the organism can be cloned under the control of its normal regulatory regions D. a missense mutation of a gene found in the transgenic organisms genome can be cloned under the control of synthetic regulatory regions

A. a reporter gene can be cloned so that it is under the control of tissue specific regulatory regions

Multifactorial trait: A. are affected by both genetic and environmental factor B. usually do not result in continuous phenotypes C. are not usually affected by environmental conditions D. usually results in one or two phenotypic values such as red/white eye color in Drosophila

A. are affected by both genetic and environmental factor

Following digestion of human DNA with the following restriction enzymes, which would be expected to produce more fragments? A. enzyme with 4 bp recognition sequence B. enzyme with 8 bp recognition sequence

A. enzyme with 4 bp recognition sequence

Which is the most frequent type of DNA polymorphism? A. single base differences B. duplication C. inversions D. translocations E. ploidy

A. single base differences

The role of the DNA polymerase in Sanger sequencing is to A. synthesize a copy of the template strand in the 5' to 3' direction B. synthesis the template strand in the 3' to 5' direction C. synthesis a copy of the template strand in the 3' to 5' direction D. synthesis the template strand in the 5' to 3' direction

A. synthesize a copy of the template strand in the 5' to 3' direction

You are studying a population of 1000 people, of which 10 exhibit a recessive autosomal disease. What is the frequency of the normal, wild-type allele? A. .1 B. .9 C. .01 D. .09 E. .99

B. .9

If you role a 6 sided die 3 times, what is the probability of getting 3 even numbers in a row? A. 1/3 B. 1/8 C. 1/36 D. 1/2 E. 3/8

B. 1/8

The amp^r gene is sometimes included in a cloning vector. What is the value of this gene product for cloning? A. a restriction enzyme that cuts the vector while it is in transformed cells B. a selectable marker that identifies any cell that has been transformed by a plasmid vector C. an enzyme that converts RNA to DNA D. an enzyme that confers antibiotic resistance only when a plasmid does not contain inserted DNA E. an enzyme that produces blue pigment if the gene is not interrupted by inserted DNA

B. a selectable marker that identifies any cell that has been transformed by a plasmid vector

You are Sanger sequencing a DNA fragment whose sequencing product is 5'ATTCGGC 3' on a polyacrylamade electrophoresis gel, where the smaller fragments migrate towards the bottom of the gel. Will the fragment that you use to infer the "A" base appear closer to the top or the bottom of the gel? A. top B. bottom

B. bottom

Based on your knowledge of genetics thus far, gain of function mutations would most likely involve which of the following? A. deletion of a promoter region B. constitutive activation of an enzyme C. a synonymous mutation D. none of the choices are correct

B. constitutive activation of an enzyme

In a developing Drosophila embryo whose mother was a bicoid- null mutant, the embryo lacks all head and thoracic structures. The mRNA for caudal in this embryo would be _________, and the protein ___________________ A. distributed evenly; localized to the posterior B. distributed evenly; distributed evenly C. localized to the anterior; localized to the anterior D. localized to the posterior; localized to the posterior E. localized to the anterior; distributed evenly

B. distributed evenly; distributed evenly

The production of brown F1 lentils by crossing pure breeding gray and tan lentils cannot be explained by Mendel's law of segregation. A. True B. False

B. false

True or false, most SNP variation in the human genome fall within coding regions of genes. A. true B. false

B. false

True or false: sister chromatids are made up of identical genetic material, duplicated during metaphase and still attached to each other. A. true B. false

B. false

The nuclear division that generates two daughter cells containing the same number and type of chromosomes as the parent cell is known as: A. independent assortment B. mitosis C. meiosis D. gametogenesis E. telophase II

B. mitosis

What information cannot be determined from the DNA sequencing of cDNA? A. exon sequences B. sequence of the promoter C. similarity to previously identified sequences D. amino acid sequence of the encoded polypeptides E. sequence of the spliced mRNA transcript

B. sequence of the promoter

You have a sample of 500 diploid individuals and are interested in gene with 2 alleles (A and a). 180 of the individuals are homozygous for the A allele, 240 are heterozygous, and 80 are homozygous for the a allele. What is the allele frequency of the a allele in this sample of individuals? A. .16 B. .64 C. .40 D. .32 E. .50

C. .40

In Drosophila virilis, nuclei of somatic cells contain 12 chromosomes while nuclei of sperm cells contain 6 chromosomes. What is the diploid number for this species? A. 3 B. 6 C. 12 D. 24 E. 6 or 12, depending on cell type

C. 12

The heterozygote genotype frequency term for a gene with two alternative alleles A (frequency P) and a (frequency q) in the Hardy-Weinberg equation is A. p^2 B. q^2 C. 2pq D. (p+q)^2 E. p+q

C. 2pq

Among the trihybrid crosses below, which will give a 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio? A. AABBCC x aabbcc B. AaBbCc x AaBbCc C. AaBbCc x aabbcc D. AaBBCc x aaBBcc E. AbBbCc x AABBCC

C. AaBbCc x aabbcc

Which of the following is not a typical reagent in standard polymerase chain reaction? A. DNA polymerase B. Oligonucleotide Primers C. Ligase D. dNTPs E. DNA

C. Ligase

This figure shows chromosomal separation during a cell division event in a 2n=4 organism. Which stage is illustrated and how many chromosomes are present in the cell? A. telophase of mitosis, 8 chromosomes B. telophase of mitosis, 4 chromosomes C. anaphase of mitosis, 8 chromosomes D. anaphase of mitosis, 4 chromosome E. metaphase of mitosis, 4 chromosomes

C. anaphase of mitosis, 8 chromosomes

Mendel's law of segregation is most clearly physically explained by which of the following choices: A. movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles at anaphase of mitosis B. movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles at anaphase of meiosis II C. movement of homologous chromosomes to opposite poles at anaphase of meiosis I D. crossing-over between homologous chromosomes during prophase of meiosis I E. independent alignment of different pairs of homologous chromosomes during metaphase of meiosis I

C. movement of homologous chromosomes to opposite poles at anaphase of meiosis I

What enzyme is necessary for the copying of mRNA sequence into DNA during cDNA library construction? A. RNA polymerase B. DNA polymerase C. reverse transcriptase D. restriction endonuclease

C. reverse transcriptase

Mendel wished to test whether genes for different traits segregated together or independently. If genes segregate independently, he would have expected that F2 progeny of F1 dihybrids (P generation: YYRR and yyrr) would: A. all have yellow round or yellow wrinkled phenotypes B. all have yellow wrinkled or green round phenotypes C. some have yellow wrinkled or green round phenotypes D. all have yellow round and green wrinkled phenotypes E. none of the above

C. some have yellow wrinkled or green round phenotypes

You flip 4 coins in a row. What is the probability with which the first 2 coins will have heads, and the second 2 will have a tails? A. 1/8 B. .5 C. .125 D. .063 E. 1/32

D. .063

In the common daisy the genes A and a, B and b represent two pairs of alleles acting on flower color. An individual must possess a dominant allele at both A and B for color. What frequency of plants with colored flowers will be found in the F2 of a cross between two colorless parental plants, one homozygous for A (AAbb) and the other homozygous for B (aaBB)? A. 1/4 B. 1/16 C. 3/16 D. 9/16 E. 7/16

D. 9/16

_______________ use the specificity of pairing to repress gene expression post-transcriptionally A. proteosomes B. kinases C. methylases D. Micro RNAs E. ribonucleases

D. Micro RNAs

You cross two plants with yellow flowers and the offspring are produced as follows: 40 yellow, 19 red, and 21 white. If flower color is determined by a single gene, which colored offspring do you expect to be pure breeding? A. yellow B. both yellow and red C. both yellow and white D. both white and red E. all three colors

D. both white and red

An experiment conducted using RNAi A. depletes protein products of genes B. uses dsRNA to trigger the degradation of mRNA C. is used to create a functional knock-out D. does all of the choice

D. does all of the choice

Mendel crossed plants with round peas with plants with wrinkled peas and the offspring were all round. Wrinkled is thus ______ to round. A. monohybrid B. dominant C. pure breeding D. recessive E. parental

D. recessive

The best description of a phenotype is: A: the genetic background of a trait B: a type of instrument to measure genetic traits C: a type of instrument to measure the smoothness of peas D: the visual appearance of a trait E. the group of offspring that look exactly like their parents

D: the visual appearance of a trait

Coat color in a certain species of rabbit is governed by multiple alleles. The dominance series for these alleles is as follows: colored (c+) > chinchilia, (c^ch) > himalayan (c^h) > albino (c). What phenotypes and ratios result from the cross of c+ c^h x c^h c^ch? A. 1 colored : 1 himalyan B. 1 chinchilla : 1 himalyan C. 1 colored : 1 chinchila D. 1 colored : 2 himalayan : 1 chinchilla E. 1 himalayan : 2 colored : 1 chinchilla

E. 1 himalayan : 2 colored : 1 chinchilla

If an individual has the genotype AA Bb Cc DD Ee Ff Gg Hh, how many different gamete types can be produced? A. 12 B. 256 C. 16 D. 36 E. 64

E. 64

The lacZ gene is sometimes included in the a cloning vector. What is the product of lacZ and its value for cloning? A. a restriction enzyme that cuts the vector while it is in transformed cells B. a blue pigment that identifies any cell that has been transformed C. an enzyme that converts RNA to DNA D. an enzyme that congers antibiotic resistance E. a detectable enzyme that is not produced if the gene is interrupted by an insert

E. a detectable enzyme that is not produced if the gene is interrupted by an insert

Which of the following phenotypic ratio is characteristic of two genes undergoing independent assortment? A. 9:3:3:1 B. 9:7 C. 9:3:4 D. 13:3 E. all of the choices above are correct F. none of the above

E. all of the choices above are correct

You are studying a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, with two alternative alleles A (frequency q). What is the frequency of homozygotes in the population? A. 2p^2 B. 2q^2 C. 2pq D. p^2 q^2 E. p^2 + q^2

E. p^2 + q^2