BUS 303 - International Business

What are three examples of the "hidden curriculum" of schools? (Check all that apply.)

Obedience to authority Dealing with competition Respect for others

What are three of the determinants of culture? (Check all that apply.)

Political philosophy Social structure Economic philosophy

Western society values _______ over ______.

individuals; groups

The routine conventions of living, thinking and acting in a group are called ______.

folkways

What are two examples of nonverbal communication?

giving a thumbs up sign to indicate you agree with a statement standing an appropriate distance from a colleague during a conversation

In the early 20th century, communists differed from social democrats in that communists believed in

a strategy of revolutionary action.

Geoff believes that the way his US-based company does business is superior to the way his French affiliate office conducts business. Geoff's attitude is an example of _____.

ethnocentrism

True or False: According to Karl Marx, the pay of workers in a capitalist society reflects the full value of their labor.

False

True or False: While religion can influence the values and norms of society, the values and norms of society can also impact religion.

True

True or false: Economic advancement and globalization may be important factors in societal change.

True

True or false: Education provides a competitive economic advantage through the creation of a pool of skilled and educated workers.

True

Karl Marx would agree

capitalists take the value created by workers for their own use.

The economic principles of Islam prohibit a bank from _____.

charging interest

The _______ system is a less rigid form of social stratification than the caste system.

class

In the past, there has been a mutual lack of respect between upper management and working-class employees at British companies. This lack of respect was the result of the perception that those in upper management were a "step above" the employees. This perception was a reflection of _____.

class consciousness

Until recently, what was the most common form of totalitarianism in the world?

communist

Class ______ is an awareness of one's social or economic rank in society.

consciousness

Energy Resources Ltd. does business in 50 countries around the world. The company stresses to all employees the importance of understanding the prevailing culture in the countries that they are doing business in. In other words, the company is aware of the importance of

cross-country literacy

Understanding how cultural differences across and within nations affect the way business is practiced is known as ______ literacy.

cross-cultural

______ is important because managers need to have a deep understanding of the prevailing culture in those areas in which they do business.

cross-culture literacy

A system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living is called .

culture

Hofstede studied how ______ relates to values in the workplace.

culture

The system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and when considered as a whole represent a design for living is called

culture

When a company with branches in Japan and the United States changes its performance appraisal system to reflect the fact that American managers are more individualistic as compared to their more group-oriented Japanese counterparts, the company is recognizing the need to vary company processes and practices based on how ______ affects work-related values.

culture

Monica asked her manager if appropriate dress for the meeting was business casual or traditional business. Monica is inquiring about the ______ associated with the meeting.

folkway

Stephen usually eats lunch with three of his co-workers and on the weekends he gets together with his college friends. The people Stephen interacts with represent two types of _____.

groups

According to Hofstede, societies with stiff codes of behavior, rules, and laws score _______ on the uncertainty avoidance index. (Choose high or low)

high

Unspoken language is another way to describe ______ communication.

nonverbal

What is the focus of Hofstede's power distance dimension?

people are not equal in physical capabilities

The system of government in a nation is called the ______ system.

political

The term ______ refers to the interconnection of the political, economic, and legal systems of a country.

political economy

In the ______ dimension identified by Hofstede, the degree of power and wealth is not balanced within a country.

power distance

What are the four dimensions originally identified by Hofstede?

power distance uncertainty avoidance individualism vs collectivism masculinity vs femininity

In the last half of the twentieth century, Britain's Conservative Party sold state-owned enterprises to individual investors in order to create a free market economy. What process was Britain using to create this economy?

privatization

Buddhism has all the same basic beliefs as Hinduism except for which two of the following?

support for the caste system. advocacy in extreme ascetic behavior.

The religion where followers believe in reincarnation and karma is

Hinduism

The most rigid form of social stratification is the _____ system.

caste

The Koran characterizes the practice of charging interest as

unjust

In Westernized societies, freedom to choose is considered everyone's right. The idea of what is good and right is an example of a(n) _____.

value

The production of goods in a pure market economy are determined by

supply and demand

The two major Christian organizations are

-Orthodox Church -Roman Catholic

Which statement BEST reflects the implications of cultural differences for business?

A company may need to vary management processes by country as a result of local cultural differences.

The majority of Christians live in Europe and the Americas. However, Christianity is rapidly growing in ______.

Africa

The religion where followers try to achieve nirvana or spiritual enlightenment is _____.

Buddhism

______ refers to a political system that values the needs of society over that of an individual.

Collectivism

Loyalty, honesty in dealing with others, and reciprocal obligations are the building blocks of

Confucianism

What ethical system was the official ethical system of China until the communist revolution and emphasizes taking the right actions to attain salvation?

Confucianism

______ refers to a political system in which the citizens exercise power directly or elect representatives to form a governing body.

Democracy

______ is judging another's culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture.

Ethnocentrism

Which two phrases reflect the economic implications of Islam? (Check all that apply.)

Hold property as trustees, rather than as owners (per Western definition of ownership) Cannot earn profit through exploitation of others

______ refers to a philosophy that promotes the free exercise of one's goals and desires in economic and political pursuits.

Individualism

How has social media affected group life?

It has emphasized the idea of an extended social group.

What are three principles of social stratification? (Check all that apply.)

It involves beliefs as well as inequality It carries over to the next generation It is generally universal

Which statement BEST describes a totalitarian system?

It is a form of government in which the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to regulate all aspects of public and private life.

As the guiding principle of Islam, the ______ actually promotes free enterprise and supports earning legitimate profits through commercial efforts.

Koran

What are the three values central to the Confucian system of ethics that may have led to economic success in some Asian countries? (Check all that apply.)

Loyalty Reciprocal obligations Honesty in dealing with others

Adherents of Islam are called

Muslims

______ join the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation.

Nation-states

_______ refers to the process of selling state-owned enterprises to private investors.

Privatization

______ is/are something that one believes in that is concerned with the sacred and follows with some measure of devotion.

Religion

What is one of the tenets of individualism?

The welfare of society is best served by allowing individuals to follow their own economic self-interest.

Which characteristic is typical within a totalitarian country?

There is no questioning the ruler's decisions.

______ is the Hofstede dimension that measures a society's tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty.

Uncertainty avoidance

Social democrats advocate for

achieving socialism through non-violent means.

According to the tenets of Islam, the objective of life is to fulfill the dictates of God in hopes of achieving

admission to paradise.

What is the objective of a pure command economy?

allotment of resources for the overall good of society

As countries get richer, we often see a shift ______ traditional values (such as staying married and obeying one's parents) and ______ secular rational values (including abortion and divorce).

away from; toward

In a country governed by a totalitarian system, you would find that

basic civil liberties are denied to citizens

Political systems that emphasize individualism tend to promote _____.

democracy

Hindus believe in ______, the behaviors and responsibilities governing individual conduct.

dharma

Nations adopting the pure form of democracy would

directly involve citizens in the decision making of the country.

Theocratic totalitarianism is described as a political system

in which rulers govern based on religious rules and principles.

The Declaration of Independence is an ideal example of the tenets of _____ which emphasize the importance of individual freedoms.

individualism

The Hofstede dimension that is focused on the degree to which people in a society are integrated into groups is

individualism versus collectivism.

According to Hofstede, if the ties between people are loose, it is most likely a sign of a(n) ______ society.

individualistic

One reason for the rise of Islamic fundamentalism is the

influence of Western ideas and culture.

A caste system is a type of social structure that divides people on the basis of _____.

inherited social status

There _____ a strict one-to-one relationship between one culture and a nation-state.

is not

Alex considers himself a "true French Canadian" and agrees with political activists who think there should be a separation from English speaking citizens who are dominating certain provinces. What seems to be the cause of this division in Canada?

language

Kate's grandmother was born in Belgium and she says she is Flemish. Anne's grandmother was also born in Belgium and she says she is French. In some areas of Belgium, all signs are in French and are not possible to read unless you know the French language. The same is true for other areas with all signs in Flemish. What is creating the divide between these two cultures?

language

The political economy of a country refers to the interaction of the political, economic, and _____ systems of a country.

legal

Cross-cultural _____ is necessary for a business to understand the cultural differences that exist between companies involved in international business.

literacy

In some cultures, people are more willing to work hard to achieve material wealth and may have to wait years before feeling they have succeeded. This is a reflection of which dimension identified by Hofstede?

long-term versus short-term orientation

Which of Hofstede's dimensions focuses on delaying gratification of material needs?

long-term versus short-term orientation

Confucianism values harmonious relationships, which are based on moral and ethical conduct and ______.

loyalty to others

In a _______ culture, sex roles are sharply differentiated.

masculine

In a ________ culture, sex roles are sharply differentiated.

masculine

The Hofstede dimension that looks at the relationship between gender and work roles is

masculinity verses femininity

In a ______ economy, both private enterprise and state ownership co-exist.

mixed

Social _____ refers to how difficult or easy it is for an individual to move out of the social strata into which they are born.

mobility

The set of shared beliefs followed by Catholics and those of the Jewish faith represent their individual _____.

religions

In a(n) ______ democracy, elected individuals represent the citizens and make decisions on behalf of the electorate.

representative

Collectivism refers to a political system that

restricts an individual's right to do something on the grounds that it runs counter to the "good of society"

Nigel was born into a poor, working-class family in England. He is resigned to the fact that his life will be much like his fathers as he has no way to earn a degree and change his status. Nigel believes that a lack of _____ determines his fate.

social mobility

A class system is characterized by the fact that a person can move from one ______ to another.

social strata

All societies are divided on a hierarchical basis into social categories called social _____.

strata

A nation that fosters individualism would

stress that the interests of the people are more important than the interests of the state.

The basic social organization of a society is called its social _____.

structure

A group's consideration and acceptance of what is good and right represents their

values

For poor Muslims, modern ideology has not offered substantial economic improvement, yet it threatens their traditional

values