Bus. Ethics 8-9, Quiz 5 (Chapter 7) AU, Chapter 7 & 8 Questions, 421 chap 13 TB, Social Responsibility Ch 10, Business Ethics exam 2, Reading Quiz #7, BUS Ch. 11 & 12, BUS 100 Lesson 4 Reading Quiz, HW tech 1, D270 Chap5, Chapter 8/(9): Influencing t...

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Antitrust laws protect consumers from:

Anticompetitive practices by business.

Studies have shown that green marketing has been most successful at what level?

Brand.

Buying and selling goods and services electronically is called: Multiple Choice M-commerce. E-business. Telecommunications. Intellectual property.

E-business.

90) HIV/AIDS is affecting the operations of Anglo American PLC by forcing the company to invest outside of South Africa to avoid having to deal with workforce health issues.

FALSE

A corporation's shareholders have a right to inspect the company's books for any reason.

FALSE

Governments being asked to regulate driving distractions are examples of a public policy: Input. Goal. Effect. Tool.

Input

Institutional investors are best described by which statement?

Institutions invest their funds by purchasing shares of stock in corporations on behalf of their investors or members.

The information phase of technology primarily requires:

Intellectual and electronic skills.

Intellectual property refers to: A. Protecting one's ideas, concepts, and symbolic creations. B. Prohibiting the downloading of commercial software or videogames. C. Special laws protecting copyrights, patents, and trademarks. D. All of the above.

Which type of supplier audit is being used when a company hires and trains its own staff of auditors?

Internal.

Advocacy ads are also called:

Issue advertisements.

Advocacy ads are also called: Issue advertisements. Research and development plans. Constituent advertisements. Price control advertisements.

Issue advertisements.

Which of the following is not true about water pollution?

It can be caused by biodegradable products.

One argument in favor of affirmative action is:

It levels the playing field to correct past discriminatory hiring practices.

Random drug testing of employees is accurately described by which statement?

It screens randomly selected employees at various times through the year

According to the text, despite the world becoming more hyper-connected, this region still suffers from an important lag in adopting information and communication technology.

Latin America.

M-Commerce is facilitated primarily by:

Mobile or cell phones

Which of the following is not an example of a social regulatory agency?

National Labor Relations Board

The idea that every distribution channel must work together to deliver a unified and consistent customer experience is called: Multiple Choice Multi-channel. Natural monopoly. Fulfillment center. Omnichannel.

Omnichannel.

When a mother or father is granted time off when children are born or adopted and during the early months of a child's development, this is called:

Parental leave.

One of the most common financial-incentive strategy tools is:

Political action committee contributions.

A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is:

Political contributions.

Which stage of corporate environmental responsibility focuses on the full life cycle of a product?

Product stewardship stage.

If someone is entitled to be treated in a certain way, this refers to a(n):

Right.

Reports filed with the SEC provide informational on the company's:

Sales and earnings, depreciation by line of business, details of foreign operations All of the above

Reports filed with the SEC provide information on a company's:

Sales and earnings. Depreciation by line of business. Details of foreign operations.

Reports filed with the SEC provide information on a company's:

Sales and earnings. Depreciation by line of business. Details of foreign operations. Ans :(All of these answers are correct.)

According to a Harvard Business Review study, which of the following is not an area in which corporate contributions are most likely to enhance a company's competitiveness?

Stakeholder management.

The world's natural resource base—the air, water, soil, minerals, and so forth—is essentially finite, or bounded. T or F

Normativism asserts that universal standards of behavior exist and should be accepted in all cultures.

TRUE

Benefits of managing diversity and inclusion effectively includes all except:

The federal government provides tax breaks.

The current trend in the United States of firms' eliminating domestic partner benefits is largely due to:

The legalization of same-sex marriage in 2015.

The practice of using fake business emails in order to trick users into divulging personal data, such as usernames and passwords, is called: A. Pharming. B. Tweeting. C. Phishing. D. Censorship.

Factor conditions are strategic contributions focusing on:

The supply of trained workers, physical infrastructure, and natural resources.

Which of the following is not true about occupational segregation?

The technology sector is dominated by women.

(Business as a Political Participant)

There is a serious debate between those who favor and those who oppose business involvement in governmental affairs.

Economists reported that the costs of regulatory compliance were highest for: Vehicle safety. Antitrust issues. Worker safety. Consumer protection.

Worker safety.

Invasion of privacy through technology is best exemplified by: Multiple Choice The neighbor video recording his dog in his own yard. Your car's GPS tracking you at every location. A friend taking photos of the ocean with her smartphone. Your mom's home assistant reminding her to pay the power bill.

Your car's GPS tracking you at every location.

As of 2017 the volume of global spam email messages has declined primarily due to: a.Increased anti-spam protections. b.Less interference by governments. c.Consumers utilizing the Do Not Call option. d.A decrease in the number of emails.

Businesses and governments often clash over who should have access to personal data found on devices such as smartphones and automobile black boxes. a.True b.False

Deregulation is often: a. A politically popular idea. b. A politically unpopular idea. c. Seen during a Democratic federal administration. d. Found in European countries but not in the United States.

a. A politically popular idea.

public policies and government regulations are shaped by:

all the above

Figure 11.2 shows that Internet usage in developing nations has not even begun to catch up with developed countries. a.True b.False

A compulsion to engage in rewarding behaviors, despite negative consequences is called: a.Tissue engineering. b.Physical dependency. c.Behavioral addiction. d.Facebook fatigue.

The test of what helps the public understand what is at stake when new regulations is sought?

cost benefit analysis

The primary reason that hackers hack is to make money.

true

Regulation can be argued as justified based on:

Utilitarian and justice grounds

Institutional investors are sometimes referred to as:

Wall Street investors

Institutional investors are sometimes referred to as:

Wall Street investors.

Which of these steps has the U.S. recently taken to counter cybercrime? A. Setup a system of voluntary cybersecurity standards. B. Opened a new center dedicated to managing cyber activities. C. Passed sweeping new legislation that required Internet providers to guarantee security. D. Both A and B, but not C.

When an employee believes his or her employer has done something that is wrong or harmful to the public, and he or she reports alleged organizational misconduct to the media, government, or high-level company officials, what has occurred?

Whistle-blowing.

Hackers employed by businesses or governments to intentionally discover weaknesses in information systems are called: Multiple Choice Gray hatters. Black hatters. White hatters. Mad hatters.

White hatters.

Nations have tended to move sequentially through each phase of technology, beginning with the lowest technology and moving higher with each step. a.True b.False

Trade associations are: a. Coalitions of companies in the same or related industries. b. Prohibited by U.S. law. c. Made up of unionized workers. d. Found in developing countries.

a. Coalitions of companies in the same or related industries.

Cooperation between business and government often occurs when: a. They encounter a common problem or enemy. b. Business can afford it. c. Business is required by law to cooperate. d. Government has the support of the people.

a. They encounter a common problem or enemy.

In the U.S., genetically modified foods were primarily used in fast-food restaurants. a.True b.False

Public policy is a basic set of goals, plans and actions undertaken by: a. Political lobbyists. b. A government. c. Business advocacy groups. d. Police and fire departments

b. A government.

The information phase of technology primarily requires: a. Providing services. b. Intellectual and electronic skills. c. Manual and machine skills. d. The same skills as needed in previous phases.

b. Intellectual and electronic skills. Correct

The self-reinforcing feature of technology means that: a.Civilization develops at an uncontrollable pace. b.Developing economies demand newer and larger innovations. c.Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage its own faster development. d.An invention in one place is localized only. Feedback

A corporate political strategy does not: a. Hinder a competitor's ability to compete economically. b. Seek to continue the firm's economic survival or growth. c. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing. d. Exercise a firm's right to a voice in government affairs

c. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing.

A technological application that uses biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products or processes for specific use is called: a.Biosphere outcome. b.Metatechnology. c.Biology. d.Biotechnology.

Many rapid changes in technology over the past few decades were facilitated by: a.Artificial intelligence. b.Wireless networks. c.Processing of enormous amounts of data. d.All of these answers are correct.

One type of digital currency that operates outside the banking system using encrypted technology is: a.Mastercard. b.Blockchain. c.Cryptocoin. d.Bitcoin.

Some argue that publishing personal DNA sequencing results is unethical because: a.The results could compromise one's employment situation. b.Life insurance could be denied. c.The cost of health insurance could rise. d.All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following is not a potential source of personal private data? a.Smartphones. b.Internet connections. c.Automobiles. d.Broadcast radio.

Brian brings to Davie's attention that he has a report of Davie using work equipment to look at nonwork related information. This represents the _______ as an impediment to productivity. a. information overload b. multi-communicating c. organization commitment d. tele-presence technology e. misuse of technology

e. misuse of technology

All countries have nearly identical intellectual property laws.

false

The audit committee is required by U.S. law to be

financially literate.

Cybersecurity experts recommend including which essential element for an incident-responce plan for cyberattacks?

focus on how to respond to a break, incitement by all functional departments, and support from executive leadership.

E-business revenues are expected to rise primarily due to consumers in emerging markets.

true

In 2014, NATO ratified a change to its mission of collective defense by stating that a cyberattack on one member nation would be declared an attack on all members.

true

One key role of the Chief Information Officer is to clearly define the value of information and how to protect it against threats.

true

Robotic technology has advanced enough to generate many new business opportunities.

true

Some experts believe that cybercrime can only be controlled through international government coordination.

true

The collection of large amounts of consumer data by businesses creates ethical issues of privacy and security.

true

65) Firms that operate in countries that have adopted the Kyoto Protocol are required to either reduce emissions or ________. A) purchase carbon credits from other firms B) file petitions to appeal the requirement C) cease manufacturing operations D) pay fines to the UN

The purpose of the right to be forgotten is to: A) Increase protection of privacy and personal information. B) Protect property rights. C) Protect intellectual property. D) Prevent software privacy.

An example of a hacking job motivated by retaliation is: rev: 11_04_2019_QC_CS-188909 Multiple Choice A person hacks a government website to act against inaction by the government. A foreign government stole data from U.S. institutions and asked for ransom to return it. A white hatter broke into a major software firm's computer network exposing security flaws. A gray hatter revealed previously unreported bugs on a popular online shopping site.

A person hacks a government website to act against inaction by the government.

Deregulation is often:

A politically popular idea

The term circular economy refers to: A production process that starts with raw materials, to product, usage, and disposal. The cradle to grave cycle. A production system that is regenerative by design. Extended product responsibility.

A production system that is regenerative by design.

Firms in the chemical industry, which must contend with frequently changing environmental regulations and the risk of dangerous accidents, usually have:

A sophisticated political strategy.

Firms in the chemical industry, which must contend with frequently changing environmental regulations and the risk of dangerous accidents, usually have: Multiple Choice No defined political strategy. A sophisticated political strategy. A political strategy focused on intellectual property rights. A political strategy focused on licensing rights.

A sophisticated political strategy.

Sustainability leaders have found that the most effective environmental management approach involves:

A team of line managers from across the business organization.

Why does a diverse and inclusive workforce benefit a firm supporting a global market?

A variety of language skills serves the global customer base well.

18. Which of the following statements is true of air pollution? A) Air pollution occurs when more pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere than can be safely absorbed and diluted by natural processes. B) A quarter of the people in the U.S. were breathing unsafe air for at least part of the year. C) Ozone gas at the ground level helps reduce pollution. D) Benzene is only hazardous in large concentration.

A) Air pollution occurs when more pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere than can be safely absorbed and diluted by natural processes.

Around the world, government: A) Sometimes cooperates and sometimes is in conflict with business B) Tends to be controlled by business C) Tends to cooperate with business D) Tends to be in conflict with business

A) Sometimes cooperates and sometimes is in conflict with business

Deregulation is often: A. A politically popular idea. B. A politically unpopular idea. C. Seen during a Democratic federal administration. D. Found in European countries but not in the United States.

A. A politically popular idea.

Sustainability leaders have found that the most effective environmental management approach involves: A. A team of line managers from across the business organization. B. Leadership from top-level executives who make all corporate decisions. C. Only shareholders. D. An engaged board of directors that dictates strategy.

A. A team of line managers from across the business organization.

Which of the following statements is true of air pollution? A. Air pollution occurs when more pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere than can be safely absorbed and diluted by natural processes. B. A majority of the people in the U.S. breathe unsafe air for at least part of the year. C. Air pollution caused by particulate matter is responsible for fewer than 600 premature or unnecessary deaths annually. D. The EPA has identified hundreds of "criteria" pollutants, relatively common harmful substances that serve as indicators of overall levels of air pollution.

A. Air pollution occurs when more pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere than can be safely absorbed and diluted by natural processes.

A pain or numbness in your thumbs caused by constant e-mailing, messaging, or Internet surfing on hand-held devices is called: A. BlackBerry thumb. B. Cell phone thumb. C. PDA thumb. D. None of the above.

A. BlackBerry thumb.

To influence government policymakers' actions, an information strategy involves:

A. Business leaders speaking before government policymakers.

20. If a manger approaches ethics with benevolence in mind, he or she would stress what? A. Friendly relations with an employee. B. Company rules and procedures. C. Laws and professional codes. D. Economic efficiency.

A. Friendly relations with an employee.

16. This term refers to the practical applications of science and knowledge to commercial and organizational activities. A. Technology. B. E-commerce. C. Agrarian. D. Semantic.

A. Technology.

39. Which of these components are not considered during a risk assessment audit to gauge the effectiveness of a firm's ethics programs? A. The financial bottom line. B. Top management commitment. C. Training programs. D. Ethical policies.

A. The financial bottom line.

37. Which of these statements accurately describe hacktivists known as grey hatters?

A. They always work in tight-knit groups. B. They are highly welcomed by businesses. C. They seek retaliation on businesses. D. They seek media attention and profits.

Cooperation between business and government often occurs when: A. They encounter a common problem or enemy. B. Business can afford it. C. Business operates at arm's length from the government. D. Government has the support of the people.

A. They encounter a common problem or enemy.

Which of the following statements is not true with respect to acid rain? Multiple Choice A primary source of acid rain is coal-fired utilities. Acid rain occurs when carbon dioxide combines with water vapor in the atmosphere. Acid rain is worse in some regions of the United States than others. Acid rain degrades buildings.

Acid rain occurs when carbon dioxide combines with water vapor in the atmosphere.

Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to: Multiple Choice Visit local plant facilities. Attend company award ceremonies. Give speeches to employees. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to: Visit local plant facilities. Attend company award ceremonies. Give speeches to employees. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Cybersecurity experts recommend including which essential elements for an incident-response plan for cyberattacks? Multiple Choice Support from executive leadership. Involvement by all functional departments. Focus on how to respond to a breach. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

3) Which of the following is NOT a key stakeholder group that a company must work to satisfy in order to survive in a global environment? A) employees B) competitors C) shareholders D) customers

33) A manager who refuses to bribe customs officials in a foreign country, even though it is morally acceptable in that country, is most likely to believe in which of the following perspectives on ethics? A) relativism B) normativism C) humanism D) existentialism

51) Which of the following statements describes an inconsistency of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)? A) Facilitation payments are classified as bribery. B) Facilitation payments are excluded from the FCPA's definition of bribery. C) Payments to officials who are not directly responsible for carrying out the law are legal. D) Payments to foreign officials who carry out the law are considered illegal by provisions of the FCPA.

75) Which of the following best explains Nike's quick response to criticism of unfair employment practices in developing countries? A) retaining employees B) improving public relations C) addressing product safety concerns D) cutting costs in order to improve profits

A CIO is the company's: A) Chief investigative officer. B) Chief information officer. C) Coordinator of international operations. D) Controller of internal overhead.

One major advantage of conducting business online is: A) Enhanced local presence. B) Cost-effective marketing and promotions C) No need for professional customer service. D) Web security is less costly than physical security.

22. Which of the following is true about the Toxic Substances Control Act? A) It required cuts in urban smog, acid rain, and Greenhouse gas emissions. B) It allows the EPA to restrict, and, if necessary, ban toxic chemicals. C) It promoted nontoxic chemicals and fuels for business use. D) It authorized funds for treatment plants and toxic waste cleanup.

B) It allows the EPA to restrict, and, if necessary, ban toxic chemicals.

32. Which of the following is the primary disadvantage with the information disclosure system of reducing pollution: A) Business may not be honest B) The sanction may not motivate all companies. C) Enforcement is difficult. D) Can retard innovation.

B) The sanction may not motivate all companies.

Firms in the chemical industry, which must contend with frequently changing environmental regulations and the risk of dangerous accidents, usually have: A. No defined political strategy. B. A sophisticated political strategy.

B. A sophisticated political strategy.

Which of the following statements is not true with respect to acid rain? A. A primary source of acid rain is coal-fired utilities. B. Acid rain occurs when carbon dioxide combines with water vapor in the atmosphere. C. Acid rain is worse in some regions of the United States than others. D. Acid rain degrades buildings.

B. Acid rain occurs when carbon dioxide combines with water vapor in the atmosphere.

Increased cyber activity by which country prompted NATO officials to brand them as "patriotic hackers"? A. Russia. B. Iran. C. Iraq. D. Mexico.

B. Iran.

In the U.S., the right to free speech: A. Is an absolute privilege to all citizens. B. Is a constant threat to every business. C. Must be weighed against the consequences for the community. D. Depends on state law.

B. Is a constant threat to every business.

27. The information strategy tool most used by business is: A. Political contributions. B. Lobbying. C. Legal challenges. D. Direct communication.

B. Lobbying.

In 2011, the Global Electoral Organization (GEO) discussed which critical election administration issues? A. How to disengage electoral stakeholders. B. The role of the media in elections. C. How to increase election disputes.

B. The role of the media in elections.

Sustainable development: Multiple Choice Meets the needs of the present while compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Gives precedence to environmental over economic considerations. Balances economic and environmental considerations. Gives precedence to present needs over future needs.

Balances economic and environmental considerations.

A rule of media communication is to:

Be accessible. Be current. Be honest.

Proponents of business as a political participant argue: A pluralistic system invites many participants. It is business's constitutional right to be involved. Business is a vital stakeholder of government. Both of these answers are correct: A pluralistic system invites many participants; and business is a vital stakeholder of government.

Both of these answers are correct: A pluralistic system invites many participants; and business is a vital stakeholder of government.

Proponents of business as a political participant argue: Multiple Choice A pluralistic system invites many participants. It is business's constitutional right to be involved. Business is a vital stakeholder of government. Both of these answers are correct: A pluralistic system invites many participants; and business is a vital stakeholder of government.

Both of these answers are correct: A pluralistic system invites many participants; and business is a vital stakeholder of government.

Companies can combat sexual and racial harassment—and protect themselves from expensive lawsuits—by:

Both of these answers are correct: Communicating a zero-tolerance policy on harassment to all employees; and establishing a complaint procedure and acting quickly to resolve any problems.

The Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) is accurately described by which statement(s)? Multiple Choice It established a fund supported primarily by a tax on the petroleum and chemical companies. It is regarded as one of the most successful environmental laws. The funds collected are used to clean up sites where the original polluter cannot be identified. Both of these answers are correct: It established a fund supported primarily by a tax on the petroleum and chemical companies; and the funds collected are used to clean up sites where the original polluter cannot be identified.

Both of these answers are correct: It established a fund supported primarily by a tax on the petroleum and chemical companies; and the funds collected are used to clean up sites where the original polluter cannot be identified.

Which of these statements is true regarding the Class Action Fairness Act of 2005?

Both of these answers are correct: Lawyers were restricted from shopping for friendly venues to try interstate cases; and excessive attorney compensation was limited.

Brand management often involves conveying what about a product or service?

Both the solutions provided and the expected experience.

When firms invest in suppliers to exchange knowledge and collaborate on improvements, they create shared value for:

Both the supplier and the lead firm.

When companies develop a reputation for environmental excellence, and they produce and deliver products and services designed to attract environmentally aware customers, this is called:

Brand differentiation.

When companies develop a reputation for environmental excellence, and they produce and deliver products and services designed to attract environmentally aware customers, this is called: Multiple Choice Technological innovation. Strategic planning. Brand differentiation. Cost savings.

Brand differentiation.

Which of the following is not a potential source of personal private data? Multiple Choice Smartphones. Internet connections. Automobiles. Broadcast radio.

Broadcast radio.

When a firm solicits its stockholders for political contributions for a particular candidate by letter and then sends those contributions to the candidate on behalf of its stockholders, it is called: Multiple Choice Lobbying. Bundling. Collating. Constituency building.

Bundling

When a firm solicits its stockholders for political contributions for a particular candidate by letter and then sends those contributions to the candidate on behalf of its stockholders, it is called:

Bundling.

When a firm solicits its stockholders for political contributions for a particular candidate by letter and then sends those contributions to the candidate on behalf of its stockholders, it is called: Lobbying. Bundling. Collating. Constituency building.

Bundling.

(Participants in the Political Environment)

Business as a Political Participant Stakeholder Groups in Politics Coalition Political Activity

32) The belief that there are universal standards of behavior that all cultures should follow is called ________. A) humanism B) relativism C) normativism D) naturalism

64) The 1997 Kyoto Protocol is best described as an agreement that requires ________. A) all members of the United Nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by 5.2 percent B) the United States and Japan to control greenhouse gas emissions by 8% below 1995 levels C) the signatory countries to cut greenhouse gas emissions to 5.2 percent below 1990 levels D) the signatory countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80% by 2050

8) ________ is one of the primary business objectives for pursuing ethical behavior. A) Replacing home-country technology with host-country technology B) Minimizing federal investigations into corporate finances C) Avoiding being perceived as a socially irresponsible firm D) Imposing home-country behavior on the host country

Hackers employed by businesses or governments to intentionally discover weaknesses in information systems are called: A) Gray hatters. B) Black hatters. C) White hatters. D) Mad hatters.

The EU law passed in 2018 that required companies to promptly report personal data breaches was called: A) Digital Millennial Copyright Act. B) Right to be Forgotten. C) General Data Protection Regulation. D) Global Policy Forum.

Government role is to create and enforce laws that: A) Control businesses' actions in society B) Protect society from business C) Balance the relationship between business and society D) Protect business's interest in society

C) Balance the relationship between business and society

30. Which of the following is not a cost of environmental regulation? A) Unemployment. B) Reduced capital investment. C) Corporate restructuring. D) Lowered productivity.

C) Corporate restructuring.

41. Creating and advertising ecological responsible goods and services is: A) Technological innovation. B) Product differentiation. C) Green marketing. D) Cost savings.

C) Green marketing.

33. Which of the following is indicative of a firm in the pollution prevention stage of the corporate environmental responsibility model? A) Realizing that it would be less efficient and more expensive to prevent pollution before it is created. B) Focusing on all environmental impacts of the product life-cycle. C) Minimizing or eliminating waste before it is created. D) Incurring losses due to environmental costs.

C) Minimizing or eliminating waste before it is created.

A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is: A) Lobbying B) Expert witness testimony C) Political contribution D) Legal challenges

C) Political contributions

In 2015, slightly more than what percent of U.S. boards had separated the positions of CEO and board chairman? A. 12 percent. B. 31 percent. C. 50 percent. D. 72 percent.

C. 50 percent.

Companies that cultivate a vision of sustainability must adopt sophisticated strategic planning techniques to: A. Increase the competitive advantage of other global organizations. B. Detect the limited number of internal factors that influence the employee performance reviews. C. Allow their top manager to assess the full range of the firm's effects on the environment. D. Increase the number of government regulations that are passed to reduce pollution.

C. Allow their top manager to assess the full range of the firm's effects on the environment.

A company that builds stakeholder coalitions to influence government is using which strategy? A. Informational. B. Financial-incentives. C. Constituency-building. D. Friendly forces.

C. Constituency-building.

Which of the following is not a possible cost of environmental regulation? A. Unemployment. B. Reduced capital investment. C. Corporate restructuring. D. Lowered productivity.

C. Corporate restructuring.

Downloading illegal files, spreading computer viruses, and stealing from online bank accounts is collectively referred to as: A. Hacking. B. Software piracy. C. Cybercrime. D. Internet censorship.

C. Cybercrime.

Since 2011, the total amount spent on lobbying activity has: A. Remained exactly the same. B. Doubled. C. Decreased slightly.

C. Decreased slightly.

23. All of the following are commitments of the Principles of the Code of Professional Conduct of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants except: A. The Public Interest. B. Objectivity and Independence. C. Due Process. D. Due Care.

C. Due Process.

The primary reason that governments try to keep pace with technology is to: A. Control the speed of innovation. B. Manage the cost of technology. C. Ensure that the public is protected. D. Avoid threats to individuals.

C. Ensure that the public is protected.

35. Which type of employee is most likely to report ethical issues in the workplace? A. Rank and file. B. Middle managers. C. Executives. D. Temporary workers.

C. Executives.

Patterns of government taxing and spending that are intended to stimulate or support the economy are: A. International standards policies. B. Social assistance policies. C. Fiscal policies. D. Monetary policies.

C. Fiscal policies.

Which of the following is not true about water pollution? A. It affects crop yields. B. It can be caused by pesticides and herbicides. C. It can be caused by biodegradable products. D. The Water Pollution Control Act maintains the integrity of all surface water in the United States.

C. It can be caused by biodegradable products.

When a business seeks to overturn a law after it has been passed or threatens to challenge the legal legitimacy of the new regulation in the courts, this is called: A. Accumulating. B. Overturn lobbying. C. Legal challenges.

C. Legal challenges.

The primary way of accomplishing public policy is through: A. Waiting for businesses to act. B. Lobbying Congress. C. Regulation. D. Writing your politician.

C. Regulation.

The self-reinforcing feature of technology means that: A. Civilization develops at an uncontrollable pace. B. Developing economies demand newer and larger innovations. C. Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage is own faster development. D. An invention in one place is localized only.

C. Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage is own faster development.

Which of the following statements is not true about environmental standards? A. Regulatory agencies can establish standard allowable levels of pollutants. B. The government has the power to command business firms to comply with certain standards. C. The government rarely interferes in a business's choice of pollution technology. D. They are the most widely used methods of regulation.

C. The government rarely interferes in a business's choice of pollution technology.

Reregulation is: A. The adoption of regulation in another country to promote trade. B. Necessary since all regulation has a time limit. C. The increase or expansion of government regulation. D. The shifting of regulation to the state level from the national level.

C. The increase or expansion of government regulation.

Which part of the Department of Justice protects the public from being charged excess fees based on one's race?

Civil Rights Division.

General Electric's "Ecomagination" effort to invest in clean technology is an example of:

Clean technology.

A company that builds stakeholder coalitions to influence government is using which strategy? Informational. Financial-incentives. Constituency-building. Friendly forces.

Constituency-building.

A company that builds stakeholder coalitions to influence government is using which strategy? Multiple Choice Informational. Financial-incentives. Constituency-building. Friendly forces.

Constituency-building.

The law requiring that toys and infant products be tested before sale is called the:

Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act.

Building a positive and ethical reputation requires a firm to:

Convey a compelling story about the firm and what it stands for.

10) Bantam Enterprises, a multinational enterprise, makes significant efforts to avoid being perceived as socially irresponsible. What is the most likely reason for this? A) Social irresponsibility can lead to labor strikes by international unions. B) Socially irresponsible companies usually have fewer exports and more imports. C) Cultural barriers increase for companies that are socially irresponsible, which hinders expansion into additional countries. D) Social irresponsibility can lead to negative publicity from nongovernmental organizations, which could hurt a company's reputation.

72) The Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI) is primarily focused on ________. A) fair trade laws for undeveloped countries B) tiered pricing by pharmaceutical firms C) greenhouse gas emission reduction D) employment practices of MNEs

Cybersecurity experts recommend including which essential elements for an incident-response plan for cyberattacks? A) Support from executive leadership. B) Involvement by all functional departments. C) Focus on how to respond to a breach. D) All of these answers are correct.

Intellectual property refers to: A) Protecting one's ideas, concepts, and symbolic creations. B) Special laws protecting copyrights, patents, and trademarks. C) Prohibiting the downloading of commercial software or videogames. D) All of these answers are correct.

MIT researchers determined that 90 percent of shoppers' credit-card transactions could be used to: A) Uniquely identify an individual's shopping habits and preferences. B) Collect individual Social Security numbers. C) Identify an individual shopper using only four bits of secondary information. D) Both to uniquely identify an individual's shopping habits and preferences and to identify an individual shopper using only four bits of secondary information.

One of the main reasons that American executives are paid so much is: a) High executive compensation in other nations puts upward pressure on the salaries of U.S. executives. b) Qualified individuals are scarce because most current CEOs were born during the "baby bust" years of the Great Depression. c) Most executives are paid based on their performance, and rising compensation reflects the excellent performance of their firms. d) Pay is set by the compensation committees of the board, largely comprised of other CEOs who have an interest in pushing compensation up.

Restrictive governments often reduce or eliminate citizen access to the Internet and social media sites in order to: A) Suppress political dissent. B) Impose religious or ideological views. C) Increase bandwidth for government usage. D) Both of these answers are correct: Increase bandwidth for government usage; and suppress political dissent.

The idea that every distribution channel must work together to deliver a unified and consistent customer experience is called: A) Multi-channel. B) Natural monopoly. C) Fulfillment center. D) Omnichannel.

Public policies and government regulations are shaped by: A) Business B) Special interest groups C) Government D) All of these answers are correct

D) All of these answers are correct

35. Businesses in the clean technology stage: A) Actively manage environmental issues. B) Have well-funded programs for environmental technology. C) Evaluate cyber technology-related risks. D) Develop innovative technologies that support sustainability.

D) Develop innovative technologies that support sustainability.

25. Intellectual property refers to: A. Protecting one's ideas, concepts, and symbolic creations. B. Special laws protecting copyrights, patents, and trademarks. C. Prohibiting the downloading of commercial software or videogames. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

36. The most effective ethics programs utilize which of the following? A. Written policy. B. Posters. C. Quick reference guides. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Another name for unsolicited commercial emails is: A. Spam. B. Junk e-mail. C. UCE. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Environmental regulations stimulate some sectors of the economy by: A. Creating jobs in industries like environmental consulting, asbestos abatement, and instrument manufacturing. B. Saving jobs in industries like fishing and tourism when natural areas are protected or restored. C. Compelling businesses to become more efficient by conserving energy. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

In the United States, the federal government regulates which of the following major areas of environmental protection? A. Air pollution. B. Water pollution. C. Land pollution. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Most U.S. state laws permit the monitoring of employees through: A. Tracking software. B. Eavesdropping on phone calls. C. Recording computer keystrokes. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Reports filed with the SEC provide information on a company's: A. Sales and earnings. B. Depreciation by line of business. C. Details of foreign operations. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Government's role is to create and enforce laws that: A. Control businesses' actions in society. B. Protect businesses' interest in society. C. Protect society from business. D. Balance the relationship between business and society.

D. Balance the relationship between business and society.

19. Which of the following is not an example of an ethical criterion? A. Egoism. B. Concern for others. C. Principle. D. Corporate driven.

D. Corporate driven.

All of the following are considered to be ethical issues for marketing professionals except: A. Fostering trust in the marketing system. B. Embracing ethical values. C. Doing no harm. D. Ignoring market fair dealing.

D. Ignoring market fair dealing.

In the U.S., most solid waste ends up: A. Recycled. B. Composted. C. Incinerated. D. In landfills.

D. In landfills.

Policies that affect the supply, demand, and value of a nation's currency are: A. International standards policies. B. Social assistance policies. C. Fiscal policies. D. Monetary policies.

D. Monetary policies.

Which of the following is not an example of a social regulatory agency? A. Consumer Product Safety Commission. B. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. C. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. D. National Labor Relations Board.

D. National Labor Relations Board.

The idea that every distribution channel must work together to deliver a unified and consistent customer experience is called: A. Multi-channel. B. Cyber Monday. C. Fulfillment center. D. Omnichannel.

D. Omnichannel.

24. A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is: A. Lobbying. B. Legal challenges. C. Expert witness testimony. D. Political contributions.

D. Political contributions.

A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is: A. Lobbying. B. Legal challenges. C. Expert witness testimony. D. Political contributions.

D. Political contributions.

This annual international gathering on January 28 brought together leaders from the U.S. and dozens of European countries to address the global nature of cyberattacks: Multiple Choice Cyberattack Awareness Day. Anti-cyber International. International Defense Against Web Attacks (IDAWA). Data Privacy Day.

Data Privacy Day.

Direct Communications

Democracy requires citizen access and communication with political leaders. Businesses often invite government officials to visit local plant facilities, give speeches to employees, attend awards ceremonies, and participate in activities that will improve the officials' understanding of management and employee concerns. These activities help to humanize the distant relationship that can otherwise develop between government officials and the public. One of the most effective organizations promoting direct communications between business and policymakers is The Business Roundtable . Founded in 1972, the Roundtable is an organization of chief executive officers (CEOs) of leading corporations representing $6 trillion in annual revenues and more than 14 million employees. The organization studies various public policy issues and advocates for laws that it believes "foster vigorous economic growth and a dynamic global economy." Some issues the Roundtable has taken a position on in recent years include corporate governance, job creation and training, sustainability, health care, international trade, and cybersecurity. One of the most distinctive aspects of the Roundtable's work is that CEOs are directly involved. Once the Roundtable has formulated a position on a matter of public policy, CEOs go to Washington, DC, to talk personally with lawmakers. The organization has found that this direct approach works very well.

Which of the following is an example of fulfilling social objectives through stock ownership?

Divesting from Chinese companies that made products using forced labor.

Investors may receive an economic benefit from the ownership of stock by receiving:

Dividends and capital gains Both B and C, but not A

Which of these statements accurately describes a Super PAC? Allows limited contributions from unions. Allows limited contributions from individuals. Is also called the dependent expenditure-only committee. Does not allow direct contributions to candidates or political parties.

Does not allow direct contributions to candidates or political parties.

Which of these statements accurately describes a Super PAC? Multiple Choice Allows limited contributions from unions. Allows limited contributions from individuals. Is also called the dependent expenditure-only committee. Does not allow direct contributions to candidates or political parties.

Does not allow direct contributions to candidates or political parties.

Being able to continue their activities indefinitely, without altering the carrying capacity of the Earth's ecosystem, is a characteristic of

Ecologically sustainable organizations.

Being able to continue their activities indefinitely, without altering the carrying capacity of the Earth's ecosystem, is a characteristic of: Multiple Choice Ecologically sustainable organizations. Concerned citizens. Codes of environmental conduct. Environmental regulations.

Ecologically sustainable organizations.

The core idea(s) of sustainable development is (are): Economic development must be accomplished sustainably. Poverty is an underlying cause of environmental degradation. Affluence is an underlying cause of environmental degradation. Both of these answers are correct: Economic development must be accomplished sustainably; and poverty is an underlying cause of environmental degradation.

Economic development must be accomplished sustainably.

When a government orders companies not to conduct business in another country because of a war, human rights violations, or lack of a legitimate government; these orders are called:

Economic sanctions.

Collaborative partnerships between business, government, and communities have been particularly successful in which social area?

Education

Sexual harassment applies to:

Either men or women who are being harassed.

Which of the following are examples of natural monopolies?

Electric utilities and railroads

Global businesses that have extended their public relations strategies worldwide should:

Ensure that communications with local media take place in the area's native language.

One of the biggest challenges for autonomous vehicle manufacturers, according to the case The Arrival of Autonomous Cars—Bright Future or Looming Threat? was: Multiple Choice Keeping production costs low enough to make a profit. Ensuring the vehicles were safer than driver-controlled automobiles. Complying with international autonomous vehicle regulations. Building cars luxurious enough to attract wealthy customers.

Ensuring the vehicles were safer than driver-controlled automobiles.

Corporate governance involves the exercise of control over a company's:

Entire corporate direction.

When businesses form voluntary, collaborative partnerships with environmental organizations and regulators to achieve specific objectives this is called:

Environmental partnerships.

Which of the following is not a strategy to help companies get the most benefit from their contributions?

Establish priorities even if they conflict with the firm's core values.

Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool? Expert witness testimony. Advocacy advertising. Public relations. Legal challenges.

Expert witness testimony.

Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool? Multiple Choice Expert witness testimony. Advocacy advertising. Public relations. Legal challenges.

Expert witness testimony.

A reason for institutions becoming more assertive in promoting the interests of their member investors is:

Expressing dissatisfaction with management performance by selling a large block of stock would reduce the value of the institution's holdings.

The National Energy Plan signed into law by President Bush:

Extended daylight savings time 4 weeks

Businesses believe they should avoid politics because the economic stakes are too high. T or F

Businesses must wait for a public issue to arise before forming a political strategy. T or F

In 2011, the world population was estimated at nine billion. T or F

Land, even when properly cared for, is not a renewable resource. T or F

Offshore wind turbines, genetic engineering, and energy-efficient homes are examples of smart consumption. T or F

The paradox of the commons is that if all individuals attempt to maximize their own private advantage in the short term, the commons will still remain productive in the long run. T or F

U.S. firms that operate outside the country have no need to understand businesses' role in foreign politics. T or F

When a manager directly employs a lobbyist to represent the company's political strategy, in Washington this is called aggressive organizational involvement in politics. T or F

17) An important business objective for pursuing ethical behavior is to create a better relationship with corrupt politicians and customers.

FALSE

29) The teleological approach asserts that individuals make moral judgments independent of consequences.

FALSE

36) Pursuing responsible behavior for strategic and financial success is an example of relative behavior.

FALSE

85) The UN Global Compact is a legally binding document that requires MNEs to establish codes of conduct.

FALSE

86) Studies indicate that employee morale is largely unaffected by a company's corporate behavior.

FALSE

1. FedEx rolled out its first hybrid truck in 2001.

False

10. In recent years, regulators have begun moving away from market based regulation.

False

11. Since 1989, about 1,000 individuals and companies have been found guilty of environmental crimes each year.

False

14. Greenwashing refers to misleading consumers about the ecological benefits of a product or service.

False

3. The EU has yet to adopt global warming initiatives.

False

4. All air pollution is caused by man

False

7. CERCLA has been regarded as a public policy triumph in the clean up of toxic waste.

False

In a survey of 105 companies in 2017, the most frequent public affairs tactic was related to: Grassroots issues. Political action committees. Issues management. Federal government relations.

Federal government relations

In a survey of 105 companies in 2017, the most frequent public affairs tactic was related to: Multiple Choice Grassroots issues. Political action committees. Issues management. Federal government relations.

Federal government relations.

Patterns of government taxing and spending that are intended to stimulate or support the economy are: International standards policies. Social assistance policies. Fiscal policies. Monetary policies.

Fiscal policies.

Governments hold the power to:

Grant or refuse permission for many types of business activity.

How did some authoritarian governments justify limiting citizens' access to the Internet? Multiple Choice Improved national security. Separated church and state. Ensured a broad spectrum of religious-political opinion. Protected the public from online scams.

Improved national security.

In the United States, most solid waste ends up: Multiple Choice Recycled. Composted. Incinerated. In landfills.

In landfills.

In the U.S., the right to free speech: a. Must be weighed against the consequences for the community. b. Is a constant threat to every business. c. Is an absolute privilege to all citizens. d. Depends on state law.

Public policy tools involve a combination of: Incentives and political favors. Penalties and prison terms. Incentives and penalties. Political favors and prison terms.

Incentives and penalties.

As of 2017 the volume of global spam email messages has declined primarily due to: Multiple Choice Increased anti-spam protections. Less interference by governments. Consumers utilizing the Do Not Call option. A decrease in the number of emails.

Increased anti-spam protections.

Supporters of declassifying board elections argue that this approach:

Increases accountability and responsiveness to shareholders.

An argument in support of preventing government access to private cell phones, according to the case To lock or Unlock Your Phone: Personal Privacy or National Security, is: Multiple Choice Individuals have rights to privacy and safety. Public safety is more important than personal data. The government has every right to search or confiscate your phone under any circumstances. Individuals should not store private information on their phones.

Individuals have rights to privacy and safety.

The phase of technology that focuses on building material goods and manual labor is: Multiple Choice Agrarian. Service. Industrial. Information.

Industrial.

Which of the following is not true about the service phase of technology?

It dominated from 1900 to 1960.

The Toxic Substances Control Act is accurately described by which of the following?

It established a national policy to regulate, restrict, and, if necessary, ban toxic chemicals.

Child care assistance in the workplace is accurately described by

It helps retain talented employees. It aids in recruiting workers by making the company more attractive to parents. It helps reduce employee absenteeism and tardiness.

Employee theft is correctly described by which statement?

It is a significant economic, social, and ethical problem in the workplace.

The relationship between business and the community is accurately described by:

It is one of mutual interdependence.

Which of the following statements is not true about the organization Consumer Reports?

It is supported by the federal government.

Which of these statements is true regarding lead firms and their suppliers in the wake of the global financial crisis?

Lead firms sought ongoing strategic relationships. Lead firms preferred larger suppliers. The number of widely used suppliers decreased.

When a business seeks to overturn a law after it has been passed or threatens to challenge the legal legitimacy of the new regulation in the courts, this is called:

Legal challenges.

When a business seeks to overturn a law after it has been passed or threatens to challenge the legal legitimacy of the new regulation in the courts, this is called: Accumulating. Overturn lobbying. Legal challenges. Funneling.

Legal challenges.

Which law eliminated certain time restrictions for filing pay discrimination lawsuits?

Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009.

(Promoting an Information Strategy:)

Lobbying

The information strategy tool most used by business is: Multiple Choice Political contributions. Lobbying. Legal challenges. Direct communication.

Lobbying.

The information strategy tool most used by business is: Political contributions. Lobbying. Legal challenges. Direct communication.

Lobbying.

Minority enterprises often do business in locations with:

Low-quality public services.

M-Commerce is facilitated primarily by: A. Mobile or cell phones. B. Lap-tops. C. The government. D. Personal computers.

The "agency problem" arises when:

Managers act in their own interest, rather than in the interest of shareholders.

Romantic relationships in the workplace are described by which statement?

Many companies allow managers to become romantically involved with subordinates, so long as they do not supervise them directly.

The marketplace fails to adjust prices for the true cost of a firm's behavior is called?

Market failure

Sustainable development through technology cooperation is best illustrated by: Multiple Choice The Paris agreement which aims to limit the rise of the average global temperature. Microsoft provided the Jane Goodall Institute with animal tracking tools. A Swiss company selling agricultural chemicals agreed to global sustainable development goals. Salesforce installed its own water recycling system.

Microsoft provided the Jane Goodall Institute with animal tracking tools.

Sustainable development through technology cooperation is best illustrated by: The Paris agreement which aims to limit the rise of the average global temperature. Microsoft provided the Jane Goodall Institute with animal tracking tools. A Swiss company selling agricultural chemicals agreed to global sustainable development goals. Salesforce installed its own water recycling system.

Microsoft provided the Jane Goodall Institute with animal tracking tools.

According to the textbook, Asian American men now have higher median weekly earnings than white American men primarily because:

Most Asians had earned a bachelor's degree or higher.

Most U.S. state laws permit the monitoring of employees through: A. Eavesdropping on phone calls. B. Tracking software. C. Recording computer keystrokes. D. All of the above.

An example of an economic regulatory agency is: Consumer Product Safety Commission. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. National Labor Relations Board.

National Labor Relations Board.

What's a called where a concentration of the market is acquired by a few firms due to the nature of the industry rather than the cause of company practices?

Natural monopolies

Which of the following statements is not true about the population? Multiple Choice Over the next century, population growth is expected to be greatest in developed nations. For many thousands of years, population growth was gradual. Industrial production would have to quintuple over the next 40 years in order to maintain the same living standard that people have now, given expected population growth. Just 10,000 years ago, the Earth was home to no more than 10 million humans, scattered in small settlements.

Over the next century, population growth is expected to be greatest in developed nations.

The practice of using fake business emails in order to trick users into divulging personal data, such as usernames and passwords, is called:

Phishing.

The practice of using fake business emails in order to trick users into divulging personal data, such as usernames and passwords, is called: Multiple Choice Phishing. Pharming. Tweeting. Hacking.

Phishing.

One of the oldest financial-incentive strategy tools is: Multiple Choice Political action committee contributions. Political consulting aid. Advocacy advertising. Lobbying.

Political action committee contributions.

One of the oldest financial-incentive strategy tools is: Political action committee contributions. Political consulting aid. Advocacy advertising. Lobbying.

Political action committee contributions.

A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is: Lobbying. Legal challenges. Expert witness testimony. Political contributions.

Political contributions.

A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is: Multiple Choice Lobbying. Legal challenges. Expert witness testimony. Political contributions.

Political contributions.

Social investors seek to eliminate from their investment portfolios companies that:

Pollute the environment, Discriminate against employees, Make dangerous products like tobacco or weapons All of the above

Social investors seek to eliminate from their investment portfolios companies that:

Pollute the environment. Discriminate against employees. Make dangerous products like tobacco or weapons. (All of these answers are correct.)

Age, ethnicity, gender, mental or physical abilities, race, and sexual orientation fall under which dimension of diversity?

Primary.

The beverage industry's partnership Refrigerants Naturally! is attempting to: Reduce water usage. Increase the amount of arable land in use. Reduce the use of ozone-depleting chemicals. Increase the consumption of natural beverages.

Reduce the use of ozone-depleting chemicals.

Every environmental regulation must be initially evaluated for its costs and benefits in a process called: Multiple Choice Strategic planning. Cost savings. Regulatory impact analysis. Command and control legislation.

Regulatory impact analysis.

In Japan's pluralistic public policy process, who are the major participants? Members of religious institutions and non-profits. Representatives of big business, agriculture, and labor. Military personnel and top law enforcement agents. Professors and other members of academia.

Representatives of big business, agriculture, and labor.

In Japan's pluralistic public policy process, who are the major participants? Multiple Choice Members of religious institutions and non-profits. Representatives of big business, agriculture, and labor. Military personnel and top law enforcement agents. Professors and other members of academia.

Representatives of big business, agriculture, and labor.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act makes it illegal for employers to

Retaliate against whistle-blowers who report information that could have an impact on the value of a company's shares.

A person's entitlement to protection from invasion of one's personal life is called the: Multiple Choice Right of free speech. Declaration of independence. Right to privacy. Principle of freedom.

Right to privacy.

Rapid economic development is often accompanied by: Increasing population growth. Greatly decreased crop yields. Rising incomes, bringing higher rates of both consumption and waste. Decreasing incomes, bringing rates of both consumption and waste.

Rising incomes, bringing higher rates of both consumption and waste.

Rapid economic development is often accompanied by: Multiple Choice Increasing population growth. Greatly decreased crop yields. Rising incomes, bringing higher rates of both consumption and waste. Decreasing incomes, bringing rates of both consumption and waste.

Rising incomes, bringing higher rates of both consumption and waste.

The share of all giving made up by in-kind contributions of products and services has been:

Rising steadily over the past decade.

A large sporting goods store that raised the age for purchase of some firearms in response to public concerns for gun control were seen by detractors as: Being too selfish to care about humanity. Trying to solve a problem they had no expertise in. Risking their reputation by engaging in politics. Being too small and weak to make a difference.

Risking their reputation by engaging in politics.

A large sporting goods store that raised the age for purchase of some firearms in response to public concerns for gun control were seen by detractors as: Multiple Choice Being too selfish to care about humanity. Trying to solve a problem they had no expertise in. Risking their reputation by engaging in politics. Being too small and weak to make a difference.

Risking their reputation by engaging in politics.

Studying the underlying cause of repeated supplier violations is called:

Root cause analysis.

In the case Should Facebook be Regulated, the primary market failure was: Sales incentives to protect user data exceeded those of selling the data. Sales incentives to sell user data exceeded those of protecting user privacy. The market naturally disincentivized the sale of personal data and there was no market failure. Unplanned costs to distribute user data exceeded the costs of selling the data.

Sales incentives to sell user data exceeded those of protecting user privacy.

Bias within the hiring process refers to:

Selecting only candidates that match a preconceived ideal of the role.

How are directors (members of corporate boards) selective?

Shareholders elect the directors from a list of candidate.

How are directors (members of corporate boards) selected?

Shareholders elect the directors from a list of candidates.

Total social regulation costs are: Slightly higher than total economic regulation costs. Slightly less than total economic regulation costs. Significantly higher than total economic regulation costs. Equal to total economic regulation costs.

Significantly higher than total economic regulation costs.

What regulations are aimed at such important social goals as protecting consumers and the environment and providing workers was safe and healthy working conditions?

Social regulations

Under what legal doctrine does a firm bear legal responsibility for injuries caused by something it made or sold, whether or not it was negligent or breached a warranty?

Strict liability.

When a lead firm invests in supplier resources or offers training, this is an example of:

Supplier development.

What is the first step that lead firms take to develop their suppliers?

Supplier monitoring.

Natural capital refers to the world's: Multiple Choice Supply of geology, soil, air, water, and all living things. Combined stock ownership. Combined capital investments. Supply of sustainable developers.

Supply of geology, soil, air, water, and all living things.

Natural capital refers to the world's: Supply of geology, soil, air, water, and all living things. Combined stock ownership. Combined capital investments. Supply of sustainable developers.

Supply of geology, soil, air, water, and all living things.

A Super PAC is a financial-incentive political strategy tool. T or F

Black carbon is the second largest contributor to climate change, responsible for as much as 18 percent of global warming. T or F

Businesses that are frequent targets of public debate are more likely to develop a long-term political strategy. T or F

Deforestation—cutting down and not replacing trees—contributes to global warming. T or F

12) In the long run, MNEs must adequately meet the needs of all stakeholders in order to prosper and survive.

TRUE

14) GE's Ecomagination program has enabled the firm to develop a competitive advantage over its competitors.

TRUE

18) Under the practice of extraterritoriality, legal and ethical values in a country may cause its companies to operate abroad according to home country laws rather than host country laws.

TRUE

30) According to utilitarianism, actions are moral if they produce the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people.

TRUE

37) Relativism is the theory that ethical truths depend on the values of the groups holding them; thus, MNEs should adhere to or adopt the cultures of the countries in which they are located.

TRUE

47) The law is often based on imprecisely defined moral concepts that cannot be separated from legal concepts.

TRUE

59) Transparency International, the OECD, and the ICC are all working to stop bribery around the world.

TRUE

61) The Petrobras oil company scandal involved companies outside Brazil.

TRUE

67) Governmental agencies and nongovernmental organizations monitor the behavior of companies and their employees to ensure that laws are being followed.

TRUE

68) Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is known as sustainability.

TRUE

69) U.S. MNEs that operate in Europe are under pressure to conform to the emissions standards of the Kyoto Protocol.

TRUE

87) An effective code of conduct reports results to external stakeholders.

TRUE

89) The creation of a code of conduct includes steps such as establishing a global policy, communicating the code to employees, ensuring that the policies are followed, and reporting results to external stakeholders.

TRUE

Boards of directors in the United States are required to staff their compensation committees exclusively with outside directors.

TRUE

It is the responsibility of the board of directors and its audit committee to engage an independent accounting firm to audit the financial statements prepared by management.

TRUE

Shareholders have become an increasingly powerful and vocal stakeholder group in corporations.

TRUE

Since the 1960s, growth in the numbers of institutional investors in the United States has been phenomenal.

TRUE

When boards of directors meet without management present, they are more likely to have completely candid discussions about a company's affairs.

TRUE

When environmentally proactive companies seek out imaginative, innovative new methods for reducing pollution and increasing efficiency, they are adopting which strategy?

Technological innovation.

When environmentally proactive companies seek out imaginative, innovative new methods for reducing pollution and increasing efficiency, they are adopting which strategy? Multiple Choice Technological innovation. Product differentiation. Brand differentiation. Cost savings.

Technological innovation.

The self-reinforcing feature of technology means that:

Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage is own faster development.

The self-reinforcing feature of technology means that: Multiple Choice Civilization develops at an uncontrollable pace. Developing economies demand newer and larger innovations. Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage its own faster development. An invention in one place is localized only.

Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage its own faster development.

Which of the following is not a function of corporate committees?

The Finance Committee works slowly with a human resource department to fund employee salaries

The act that requires lenders to inform borrowers of the annual rate of interest to be charged, plus related fees and services charges is called:

The Truth in Lending Act.

Which of the following is not a function of board committees?

The finance committee works closely with the human resources department to fund employee salaries.

Reregulation is: The adoption of regulation in another country to promote trade. Necessary since all regulation has a time limit. The increase or expansion of government regulation. The shifting of regulation to the state level from the national level.

The increase or expansion of government regulation.

In the discussion case, Ikea's Sustainable Cotton Supply Chain, which statement accurately describes IKEA's supply chain?

The long and complex chain involved farming, ginning, spinning, weaving, and stitching

Minority, women, and disabled veteran-owned firms are accurately described by which of these?

They often partner with larger firms in a diversity supplier role.

Which of these statements accurately describe hacktivists known as grey hatters?

They seek media attention and profits.

Economic leverage occurs when a business uses its economic power to: Hire lobbyists to gain a desired political action. Pay for the costs of regulation to acquire a desired political action. Threaten to leave a location unless a desired political action is taken. Buy out another firm to acquire a desired political action.

Threaten to leave a location unless a desired political action is taken.

Which type of supplier is hired to provide products or services directly to a lead firm?

Tier-1.

Racial harassment is illegal under:

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.

A legal right of shareholders is:

To vote on members for the board of directors.

Which of the following is not a legal rights of stockholders?

To vote on who will become CEO

Business depends on the community for:

Transportation systems. Public services. Education.

The media control technique called bridging is exemplified by which of these phrases?

"While that is true, what is important to know is...".

In 2017, median compensation for directors at the largest U.S. corporations was around:

$300,000.

Financial-incentives strategy

(where businesses provide incentives to influence government policymakers to act in a certain way, such as making a contribution to a political action committee that supports the policymaker). • Political contributions • Economic leverage • Political consulting aid • Office personnel

Which of these steps has the U.S. recently taken to counter cybercrime?

-Setup a system of voluntary cybersecurity standards. -opened a new center dedicated to managing cyber activity

In 2009 the U.S. government announced plans to spend how much to spur the use of digital or electronic patient records, as part of a national effort to reduce medical costs?

19 billion.

In 2017 about what percentage of people around the world had no access to the Internet? Multiple Choice 98 percent. 52 percent. 25 percent. 5 percent.

52 percent.

A 2012 study found that Internet access in African-American homes was how much less than Caucasian homes?

60 percent.

1) According to the text, which of the following has resulted from GE's Ecomagination initiative? A) rising profitability for many GE products B) increasing doubt among GE's foreign partners C) reducing investments by GE due to poor returns D) improving pollution levels near GE plants in China

16) According to Transparency International, companies from which of the following countries are more likely to pay bribes? A) China B) Japan C) Singapore D) Belgium

31) A manager practicing relativism would most likely ________. A) adapt to local conditions instead of implementing home-country practices B) enforce home-country laws on host-country employees and suppliers C) refuse to change company policies and procedures to comply with local norms D) apply universal laws to each country despite local customs and traditions

41) Which of the following most likely complicates ethical behavior for firms that expand overseas? A) local laws and values B) expatriate management C) unstable financial settings D) international codes of conduct

42) Ethical dilemmas tend to be ________ for MNE managers than for domestic managers. A) more complicated B) less controversial C) easier to decide D) less common

Investors may receive an economic benefit from the ownership of stock by receiving: a) Both dividends and capital gains. b) Capital gains. c) Interest d) Dividends

Software piracy is a major problem in which part of the world? A) Globally. B) North America only. C) Asia only. D) Europe only.

Which level of moral development involves an individual learning role-conformity from peers, parents, and laws? A) conventional B) principled C) autonomous D) preconventional

Which of the following statements is not true about shareholders? a) They own equal shares of company assets. b) They are investors in the company. c) Managers pay close attention to their needs and interests. d) They are the legal owners of business corporations.

Hiring former government officials for positions in the corporate world is:

A and C, but not B.

Which type of organization's political action committee gave the greatest amount by total contribution in 2011-2012?

A business.

An example of "insider trading" is:

A company executive passing nonpublic information about an upcoming acquisition to a friend, who traded for a profit.

Which of the following is not an instance of insider trade?

A marketing executive briefing stock analysis on the companies sell performance

39. Some researchers believe that business firms moving towards ecological sustainability results in: A) Competitive advantages. B) Decreased worker productivity. C) More government regulation. D) Less money for shareholders.

A) Competitive advantages.

Which of the following are examples of natural monopolies? A) Electric utilities and railroads B) Cable television and the media C) Internet services and trucking D) None of these answers are correct

A) Electric utilities and railroads

19. Which of the following statements is not true with respect to acid rain? A) In the United States, acid rain is prevalent in the Southeast. B) Acid rain occurs when carbon dioxide combines with water vapor in the atmosphere. C) Acid rain can reduce crop yields. D) Acid rain degrades buildings.

A) In the United States, acid rain is prevalent in the Southeast.

24. Environmental justice is a movement to: A) Prevent inequitable exposure to risk, such as from hazardous waste. B) Identify polluters and require them to pay for the cleanup of their toxic waste. C) Reduce pollution at the source, rather than treat and dispose of waste at the "end of the pipe." D) Specifically restrict the use of dangerous pesticides which can pollute groundwater.

A) Prevent inequitable exposure to risk, such as from hazardous waste.

The Securities and Exchange Commission outlaws: A. Any manipulative or deceptive device used to trade stocks. B. Compensating company executives with stock options. C. Trading in stocks by institutions. D. Buying stock in a company for which you work.

A. Any manipulative or deceptive device used to trade stocks.

Managers' understanding of government regulations is:

A. Both a domestic and international issue.

To influence government policymakers' actions, an information strategy involves: A. Business leaders speaking before government policymakers. B. Government policymakers hiring special interest groups for fact-finding projects. C. Businesses listening to government policymakers in order to develop a corporate strategy. D. Gaining support from other affected organizations.

A. Business leaders speaking before government policymakers.

In a study of CIOs from around the world, McKinsey & Company found that most CIOs reported to their: A. Chief executive officer. B. Chief financial officer. C. Chief operating officer. D. Managing supervisor.

A. Chief executive officer.

The directors of a company are a central factor in corporate governance because they: A. Exercise formal legal authority over company policy. B. Have the highest stake in the performance of the company. C. Have a moral responsibility to fulfill the needs of both the company's employees and customers. D. Inherited the business from their predecessors.

A. Exercise formal legal authority over company policy.

Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool? A. Expert witness testimony. B. Advocacy advertising. C. Public relations. D. Legal challenges.

A. Expert witness testimony.

26. Software piracy is a major problem in which part of the world?

A. Globally. B. North America only. C. Asia only. D. North America and Asia.

The purpose of the right to be forgotten is to: A. Increase protection of privacy and personal information. B. Protect property rights. C. Protect intellectual property. D. Prevent software privacy.

A. Increase protection of privacy and personal information.

37. Advocacy ads are also called: A. Issue advertisements. B. Research and development plans. C. Constituent advertisements. D. Price control advertisements.

A. Issue advertisements.

A reason for institutions becoming more assertive in promoting the interests of their member investors is: A. It is difficult for institutions to sell their holdings. B. Institutional investors are rarely able to influence management policy. C. Institutions have greater flexibility in selling stocks. D. Institutions have nominated members on the finance committee of the board of directors.

A. It is difficult for institutions to sell their holdings.

To help control political favoritism, there have been global efforts to: A. Promote fairness in the electoral process. B. Control the rapid decrease in campaign costs. C. Diminish the role of political parties.

A. Promote fairness in the electoral process.

Which of the following countries is not one of the top 15 Internet users? A. Singapore. B. United Kingdom. C. China. D. United States.

A. Singapore.

According to an Oxford University study, what percentage of current jobs were expected to be overtaken by robots in the next two decades? Multiple Choice About 50 percent. Only around 10 percent. Nearly 90 percent. Less than one percent.

About 50 percent.

Which of the following statements is not true with respect to acid rain?

Acid rain occurs when carbon dioxide combines with water vapor in the atmosphere.

The fastest growing region for Internet usage growth from 2000 to 2017, was: Multiple Choice North America. Asia. Latin America/Caribbean. Africa.

Africa

Another name for unsolicited commercial emails is: Multiple Choice Spam. Junk email. UCE. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Environmental regulations stimulate some sectors of the economy by: Multiple Choice Creating jobs in industries like environmental consulting, asbestos abatement, and instrument manufacturing. Saving jobs in industries like fishing and tourism when natural areas are protected or restored. Compelling businesses to become more efficient by conserving energy. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Global warming can be described by which of the following? Multiple Choice The Earth has already warmed by between 0.7 and 1.1 degrees Celsius over the past century. Burning fossil fuels is the leading contributor of global warming. The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased by as much as 40 percent since the Industrial Revolution. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Many rapid changes in technology over the past few decades were facilitated by: Multiple Choice Artificial intelligence. Wireless networks. Processing of enormous amounts of data. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Public policies and government regulations are shaped by: Business. Special interest groups. Government. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

The role of chief sustainability officer is described by which statement(s) Multiple Choice Typically reports to the CEO. Supervises staff across functional areas. Requires strong interpersonal skills. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

The typical public affairs executive spends most of the day: Coalition building. Direct lobbying. Fund raising. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Companies that cultivate a vision of sustainability must adopt sophisticated strategic planning techniques to: Multiple Choice Increase the competitive advantage of other global organizations. Detect the limited number of internal factors that influence the employee performance reviews. Allow their top manager to assess the full range of the firm's effects on the environment. Increase the number of government regulations that are passed to reduce pollution.

Allow their top manager to assess the full range of the firm's effects on the environment.

In 2018, what was the most valuable brand according to Brand Directory?

Amazon.

Two or more participants joining together to act in concert in the political process is called:

An ad hoc coalition.

This Act makes it a crime to circumvent antipiracy measures built into most commercial software agreements between the manufacturers and their users: A) Software Business Piracy Act. B) Digital Millennium Copyright Act. C) Intellectual Property Millennium Act. D) Copyright Act of 1998.

Government's role is to create and enforce laws that: Control businesses' actions in society. Protect businesses' interest in society. Protect society from business. Balance the relationship between business and society.

Balance the relationship between business and society.

In 2008 and early 2009, share values decline sharply as the global economy fell into a severe recession. This type of stock market is referred to as a:

Bear market

In 2008 and early 2009, share values declined sharply as the global economy fell into a severe recession. This type of stock market is referred to as a:

Bear market.

A compulsion to engage in rewarding behaviors, despite negative consequences is called: Multiple Choice Tissue engineering. Physical dependency. Behavioral addiction. Facebook fatigue.

Behavioral addiction.

Proponents of business as a political participant argue:

Both A and C, but not B.

Which of the following represents a structural remedy for an antitrust violation?

Breaking up a monopoly.

Which of the following represents a structural remedy for an antitrust violation? Multiple Choice Paying a large fine. Breaking up a monopoly. Disclosure of company information to rivals. Agreeing to change a firm's conduct.

Breaking up a monopoly.

To influence government policymakers' actions, an information strategy involves: Business leaders speaking before government policymakers. Government policymakers hiring special interest groups for fact-finding projects. Businesses listening to government policymakers in order to develop a corporate strategy. Gaining support from other affected organizations.

Business leaders speaking before government policymakers.

(Influencing the Business-Government Relationship)

Business must participate in politics. Why? Quite simply, the stakes are too high for business not to be involved. Government must and will act upon many issues, and these issues affect the basic operations of business and its pursuit of economic stability and growth. Therefore, businesses must develop a corporate political strategy. Corporate Political Strategy:

(Coalition Political Activity)

Business organizations and stakeholder groups do not always act alone in the political process; often two or more participants join together to act in concert. Such ad hoc coalitions bring diverse groups together to organize for or against particular legislation or regulation. Politics can create unusual alliances and curious conflicts.

Public backlash in the Treyvon Martin case in which a black teenager was shot to death and his assailant defended his actions by claiming protection under Florida's "stand your ground" law prompted:

Businesses to distance themselves from the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).

A good way for a business to express its commitment to corporate citizenship is:

By correcting problems associated with its operations. By behaving responsibly toward all its stakeholders. By establishing community relations programs.

A large sporting goods store that raised the age for purchase of some firearms in response to public concerns for gun control were seen by detractors as: A) Being too selfish to care about humanity B) Trying to solve a problem they had no expertise in C) Risking their reputation by engaging in politics D) Being too small and weak to make a difference

C) Risking their reputation by engaging in politics

Economists reported that the costs of regulatory compliance were highest for: A. Vehicle safety. B. Antitrust issues. C. Worker safety. D. Consumer protection.

C. Worker safety.

According to the textbook, under the existing U.S. campaign contribution law, individuals:

Can give more to PACs, and PACs can give more to each candidate depending on their number of contributors.

A CIO is the company's: Multiple Choice Chief investigative officer. Chief information officer. Coordinator of international operations. Controller of internal overhead.

Chief information officer.

Which pattern of consumption is recommended to reduce humanity's global footprint? Buying goods from firms that always seek to maximize their profits. Choosing less harmful products. Building more transit stops on the outskirts of town. Eating more beef.

Choosing less harmful products.

Trade associations are:

Coalitions of companies in the same or related industries.

Life-cycle analysis involves: Accurately recording the production costs at each stage of a product's life cycle. Collecting information regarding the lifelong environmental impact of a product, from extraction to disposal. Reducing recycling costs for disposable products. Increasing productivity while improving the environment.

Collecting information regarding the lifelong environmental impact of a product, from extraction to disposal.

Which political action strategy seeks to gain support from other affected organizations to better influence policymakers? Multiple Choice Information strategy. Constituency-building strategy. Financial-incentive strategy. Lobbying strategy.

Constituency-building strategy.

The right to free speech is protected in the United States by the:

Constitution.

Groups that collect and combine data from various sources into individual profiles that are sold to retailers and advertisers are called:

Data aggregators.

Since 2008, the total amount spent on lobbying activity has: Remained exactly the same. Doubled. Decreased slightly. Increased slightly.

Decreased slightly.

Since the mid-1950s the proportion of American workers represented by unions has:

Decreased.

A corporate political strategy does not:

Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing.

Most U.S. state laws permit the monitoring of employees through:

Eavesdropping on phone calls, tracking software, and recording computer keystrokes.

The amount of land and water a human population needs to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes given prevailing technology is called: Ecological footprint. Technological innovation. Sustainable development. Consumption footprint.

Ecological footprint.

The directors of a company are a central factor in corporate governance because they:

Exercise formal legal authority over company policy.

The directors of a company are a central factor in corporate governance because they:

Exercise warm or legal authority over company policy

Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool?

Expert witness testimony.

13) Stockholders are typically more interested in corporate social responsibility than in earning profits.

FALSE

An example of a regulatory agency charged with enforcing social regulation is:

Federal Trade Commission

Most corporate community relationship departments consist of how many team members?

Fewer than three people plus a manager.

Which type of U.S. company is required to follow the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), and offer up to 12 weeks of unpaid employee leave to address family needs?

Firms with at least 50 employees.

Private governance is most likely to emerge under which of these conditions?

Firms with highly visible brands are more vulnerable to reputational damage.

One important aspect of the new social contract regarding fixed pension benefits is:

Fixed pensions have been reduced in the U.S. by around 90 percent.

Emphasizing key points and guiding the media reporter to them is called:

Flagging.

Seeking to restore the firm's reputation takes place during this effective crisis management step:

Follow up and, where appropriate, make amends to those affected.

The illegal recruitment and movement of people against their will is called:

Forced labor.

Trading stocks in advance of large institutional investment moves is called:

Front-running.

Social capital is a phrase that refers to all of the following, except:

Funds set aside for company events.

When women and minorities are highly competent but are unable to attain executive positions, this is typically called:

Glass ceiling.

Software piracy is a major problem in which part of the world? Multiple Choice Globally. North America only. Asia only. Europe only.

Globally

As shown in Figure 2, in 2015 the countries with the highest and lowest percentages of unionized labor, respectively, were:

Iceland, Turkey.

Expert witness testimony is often provided:

In Congressional hearings.

Expert witness testimony is often collected: Through company newsletters. On the steps of the White House. In congressional hearings. From The Wall Street Journal.

In congressional hearings.

In the United States, most solid waste ends up:

In landfills.

The annual EPA report Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) is an example of which environmental policy type?

Information disclosure.

A supplier that controls critical worker skills and technical know-how holds which type of power over its lead firm?

Informational.

The information phase of technology primarily requires: Multiple Choice Sales and services. Intellectual and electronic skills. Manual and machine skills. The same skills as needed in previous phases.

Intellectual and electronic skills.

Many executives believe that a diverse workforce boosts innovation because:

Many unique perspectives contribute to a better solution.

What term refers to policies that affect the supply, demand, in value of a nation's currency?

Monetary policy

In the United States, the right to free speech: Multiple Choice Is an absolute privilege to all citizens. Is a constant threat to every business. Must be weighed against the consequences for the community. Depends on state law.

Must be weighed against the consequences for the community.

According to the U.S. Department of Labor, some of the most dangerous jobs include:

Police, fire fighters, prison guards.

Environmental justice is a movement to: Multiple Choice Prevent inequitable exposure to risk, such as from hazardous waste. Identify polluters and require them to pay for the cleanup of their toxic waste. Reduce pollution at the source, rather than treat and dispose of waste at the "end of the pipe." Specifically restrict the use of dangerous pesticides which can pollute groundwater.

Prevent inequitable exposure to risk, such as from hazardous waste.

States that have adopted right-to-work laws:

Prevent unions from requiring all workers they represent to pay fees or dues.

Economic regulations are illustrated by which action? Allowing market forces to set prices. Preventing anticompetitive business practices. Providing protection of pension benefits. Ensuring safe working conditions.

Preventing anticompetitive business practices.

Which stage of corporate environmental responsibility focuses on the full life cycle of a product? Multiple Choice Pollution prevention stage. Clean technology stage. Product stewardship stage. Green management stage.

Product stewardship stage.

To help control political favoritism, there have been global efforts to: Multiple Choice Promote fairness in the electoral process. Control the rapid decrease in campaign costs. Diminish the role of political parties. Discourage grassroots participation.

Promote fairness in the electoral process.

To help control political favoritism, there have been global efforts to: Promote fairness in the electoral process. Control the rapid decrease in campaign costs. Diminish the role of political parties. Discourage grassroots participation.

Promote fairness in the electoral process.

Intellectual property refers to:

Protecting one's ideas, concepts, and symbolic creations, prohibiting the downloading of commercial software or video games, and special laws protecting copyrights, patents, and trademarks.

What role is to manage the firm's interactions with governments at all levels in to promote the firm's interests in the political process?

Public affairs department

What is a plan of action undertaken by government officials to achieve some broad purpose affecting a substantial segment of a nation's citizens?

Public policy

The "right to be heard" promises that consumers' interests will:

Receive full and sympathetic consideration.

The most successful global businesses in coming years will be those companies that: Develop short-term partnerships between companies in developing countries to transfer environmental technologies. Recognize the imperative for sustainable development as an opportunity both for competitive advantage and ethical action. Avoid fully accounting for environmental costs in calculating measures of production such as the gross domestic product (GDP). Produce products with a limited useful life.

Recognize the imperative for sustainable development as an opportunity both for competitive advantage and ethical action.

The beverage industry's partnership Refrigerants Naturally! is attempting to: Multiple Choice Reduce water usage. Increase the amount of arable land in use. Reduce the use of ozone-depleting chemicals. Increase the consumption of natural beverages.

Reduce the use of ozone-depleting chemicals.

According to the case Clean Cooking, the widespread adoption of clean cookstoves would provide which of the following benefits: Multiple Choice Reduced health risks. An increase in arable land. More take-out food options. Less entrepreneurial activity.

Reduced health risks.

The primary way of accomplishing public policy is through:

Regulation

The corporate reputation is accurately described by which statement(s)?

Relies on the perceptions of past actions, results, and future prospects. Refers to undesirable qualities. Refers to desirable qualities.

Which major consumer right was violated according to the discussion case Volkswagen's "Clean Diesel" Campaign?

Right to privacy.

The Paramount duty of the Board of director of a public corporation is to:

Select an oversea competent and ethical management to run the company

One action a company can take to effectively manage diversity and inclusion is:

Set up a diversity council to monitor the company's goals.

The growing diversity in the U.S. workforce is due to:

Shifting patterns of work and retirement. Immigration from other countries. Millennials entering the workforce.

Total social regulation costs are:

Significantly higher than total economic regulation costs.

Which of the following countries is not one of the top 15 Internet users?

Singapore.

What primary form of corporate giving did Salesforce contribute when working with the Red Cross, according to the case Salesforce's 1+1+1 Integrated Philanthropy Model?

Skills-based assistance.

Around the world, government:

Sometimes cooperates and sometimes is in conflict with business

Consumers owe more money on their home loans (mortgages) than on any other kind of household debt. After mortgages, what makes up the largest portion of household debt?

Student loans.

Which country has made the greatest progress in reducing its solid waste stream? Multiple Choice United Kingdom. Germany. Sweden. United States.

Sweden

According to McKinsey and Company, which position cannot be easily replaced with robots? Multiple Choice Repetitive factory jobs. Clerks and bookkeepers. Team managers. Legal researchers.

Team managers.

One of the most effective organizations promoting direct communications between business and policymakers is:

The Business Roundtable.

The term civic engagement describes:

The active involvement of businesses and individuals in improving communities.

What are the most effective organizations promoting direct communications between business and policy makers is what?

The business round table

Consumers have become more dependent on businesses for product quality because:

The complexity of products makes choices complicated for consumers.

What criteria must be met before a whistle-blower goes public?

There is enough potential harm to justify the possible costs of disclosure to the whistle-blower.

Cooperation between business and government often occurs when:

They encounter a common problem or enemy

The general public is accurately described by which statement(s)?

This organizational stakeholder consists of individuals and groups found in society.

9. Cap-and-trade is an example of a market based mechanism to control pollution.

True

In 2018 the European Union passed legislation to protect personal user data during collection, processing, and storage.

True

The activism of institutional investors in other countries has been spearheaded by:

U.S.-based pension and mutual funds that in recent years acquired large stakes in foreign countries.

The activism of industrial investors in other countries has been spearheaded by:

U.S.-based pensions and mutual funds that in recent years acquired large stakes in foreign countries

European Union regulators accused Uber of engaging in: Price-fixing. False advertising. Unfair competition. Unhealthy working conditions.

Unfair competition.

Companies have been permitted to contribute to political action committees since:

Up to $2,500 to any candidate per election.

Regulation can be argued as justified based on: Collective market theory. Utilitarian and justice grounds. The life cycle of regulation. Tradition.

Utilitarian and justice grounds.

The leading cause of death on the job is due to

Vehicle accidents.

When does economic leverage occur?

When a business uses its economic power to threaten to leave a city, state, or country unless a desired political action is taken.

Which of these statements accurately describe hacktivists known as grey hatters? A. They are highly welcomed by businesses. B. They seek media attention and profits. C. They seek retaliation on businesses. D. They always work in tight-knit groups.

A prime social responsibility of business is to safeguard consumers:

While continuing to supply them with goods and services they want.

This term refers to the practical applications of science and knowledge to commercial and organizational activities. a.Technology. b.E-commerce. c.Agrarian. d.Semantic.

To influence government policymakers' actions, an information strategy involves: a. Business leaders speaking before government policymakers. b. Government policymakers hiring special interest groups for fact-finding projects. c. Businesses listening to government policymakers in order to develop a corporate strategy. d. Gaining support from other affected organizations.

a. Business leaders speaking before government policymakers.

Government's role is to create and enforce laws that: a. Control businesses' actions in society. b. Protect businesses' interest in society. c. Protect society from business. d. Balance the relationship between business and society.

d. Balance the relationship between business and society.

In response to Brian's comments on the misuse of company equipment, Davie sarcastically mentions Brian's smoking habit and his number of smoking breaks. Davie's collection of feelings and beliefs regarding Brian's smoking breaks is known as his ___________. a. organizational commitment b. mood c. job satisfaction d. attitude e. emotion

d. attitude

A 2017 IBM study predicted that the use of cognitive computing would decline rapidly over the next decade.

false

Cybersecurity experts recommend that firms implement an incident-response plan for cyberattacks, which are strictly preventative in nature.

false

The digital divide describes the gap between those: rev: 11_04_2019_QC_CS-188908 Multiple Choice individuals who have Internet access through technology and those who do not. businesses who use e-business and those who do not. hospitals who use online information and those who do not. individuals who have cell phones and those who do not.

individuals who have Internet access through technology and those who do not.

The ideas, concepts, and other symbolic creations of the human mind are often referred to as: rev: 11_04_2019_QC_CS-188909 Multiple Choice logos. symbols. resource repository. intellectual property.

intellectual property.

Hiring former government officials for positions in the corporate world is: normally legal. typically illegal. against the Employment Act of 1946. against the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938.

normally legal.

A firm may not engage in what, the practice of selling below cost to driver rivals out of business?

predatory pricing

E-business refers to electronic exchanges from business to business and consumer to business.

true

One of the oldest financial-incentive strategy tools is: A. Political action committee contributions. B. Political consulting aid.

A. Political action committee contributions.

An identifying marker placed on a user's computer hard drive used to build profiles of their behavior over time is called a:

Cookie.

Which of the following is true about corporate boards?

Corporate boards average 12 members.

Which of the following is true about corporate boards?

Corporate boards average between 9 and 11 members.

A significant business disruption that stimulates extensive news media and social networking coverage is called a(n):

Corporate crisis.

Possible costs of environmental regulation include all of the following except: Multiple Choice Unemployment. Reduced capital investment. Corporate restructuring. Lowered productivity.

Corporate restructuring.

In 2017, the smallest source of philanthropic contributions in the United States came from which organization?

Corporations.

Companies that reduce pollution and hazardous waste, reuse or recycle materials, and operate with greater energy efficiency achieve a competitive advantage due to:

Cost savings.

In what way did Dreamers bring diversity to the U.S. workplace?

Dreamers came to the United States from many global regions.

The buying and selling of goods and services electronically is called:

E-business.

78) According to the Ethical Trading Initiative, child labor cannot be used unless there are no suitable alternatives for employees.

FALSE

According to the Institute for Crisis Management this industry is among the top crisis-prone industries because of sophisticated technology found in its products:

Pharmaceuticals.

In response to concerns about the lack of transparency and financial accounting, Congress passed a new law called the:

Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Which of the following is not an example of for filling social objectives through stock ownership?

Selling stock of companies with a below market rate of return.

We are currently in which phase in the development of technology?

Semantic.

Economic leverage occurs when a business uses it economic power to:

Threaten to leave a location unless a desired political action is taken.

Economic leverage occurs when a business uses its economic power to: Multiple Choice Hire lobbyists to gain a desired political action. Pay for the costs of regulation to acquire a desired political action. Threaten to leave a location unless a desired political action is taken. Buy out another firm to acquire a desired political action.

Threaten to leave a location unless a desired political action is taken.

In the case The Ugly Side of Beautiful Nails, the nail salon industry violated which of these worker rights?

To a safe and healthy workplace.

What is the primary goal of a community relations department?

To build relationships with important community groups.

Microsoft launched a program in 2017 to bring the Internet to more of rural America using: Multiple Choice Radio waves. Unused broadcast channels. Blank spaces. Thousands of miles of cable.

Unused broadcast channels.

Anti-spam legislation was passed by which country making it a crime to send unsolicited e-mail messages to people's private e-mail addresses or cell phones:

United Kingdom.

A customer tweeting about a recent bad shopping experience is using which type of media communication?

User-generated content.

An example of industrial ecology in practice is: Developing a paper recycling program in business offices. Using wastes from one process as raw materials for another process. Manufacturing recyclable containers for products. All of these answers are correct.

Using wastes from one process as raw materials for another process.

An example of industrial ecology in practice is: Multiple Choice Developing a paper recycling program in business offices. Using wastes from one process as raw materials for another process. Manufacturing recyclable containers for products. All of these answers are correct.

Using wastes from one process as raw materials for another process.

In a 2011 Harris poll, how many people believed that political action committees were seen as too powerful?

87%

Biodiversity refers to the number and variety of species that have become extinct. T or F

Businesses and trade associations spend very little on lobbying. T or F

Rain forest destruction is controversial because these environments are more valuable cut down than standing. T or F

57) The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act applies only to companies registered in the United States.

FALSE

60) The OECD Convention against bribery is an example of an agreement that targets the demand side of bribery.

FALSE

Individual privacy increased dramatically following the Information Age. a.True b.False

The International Labor Organization (ILO) identifies child labor by which factors?

Both a child's age and the work hours.

As of 2016 what was the average cost of a data breach in the United States? Multiple Choice $450 billion. $2.24 million. $7 million. $500 thousand.

$7 million.

Constituency-building strategy

(where businesses seek to gain support from other affected organizations to better influence government policymakers to act in a way that helps them). • Stakeholder coalitions • Advocacy advertising • Public relations • Legal challenges

Information strategy

(where businesses seek to provide government policymakers with information to influence their actions). • Lobbying • Direct communication • Expert witness testimony

In 2012, the Anti-Phishing Working Group (APWG) reported that how many of the world's computers were infected with some type of malware?

39 percent.

Since 1998, the total amount spent on lobbying activity has increased about:

57 percent.

2) Which of the following statements about GE and its "Green is Green" movement is true? A) GE is responding in part to the fact that it is operating in many countries which require compliance with higher environmental standards than exist in the United States. B) GE has decided to develop new products that are environmentally friendly rather than adopt internal policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. C) GE has moved aggressively to reduce greenhouse gas usage internally but has not been able to develop commercially viable "clean" technologies. D) GE considered joining the U.S. Climate Action Partnership but decided the group was too radical in its approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

66) How has the Kyoto Protocol affected U.S. companies operating in Europe? A) U.S. companies are changing the way they do business in order to comply with new emissions standards in Europe. B) The Kyoto Protocol has not affected U.S. companies with subsidiaries in Europe because the U.S. has not signed the Kyoto Protocol. C) Before U.S. companies can open any more European subsidiaries, the U.S. government must sign the Kyoto Protocol. D) Because the United States is not a party to the Kyoto Protocol, U.S. companies may not operate in European countries that have signed the Kyoto Protocol.

76) Quantum Footwear is an MNE that manufactures inexpensive shoes. Quantum outsources portions of its production to independent companies located in Bangladesh and India, where child labor is common. Other clothing and footwear firms have recently faced criticism regarding the use of child labor, and Quantum executives want to avoid similar problems. Which of the following would be the best approach for Quantum? A) improving conditions at the subcontract facilities B) developing an external ethics code for foreign partners and letting them worry about compliance C) requiring local governments to alter their labor policies D) leaving the market and focusing on domestic production

82) A guideline for responsible action by a firm in its operations worldwide is a(n) ________. A) code of conduct B) corporate monitoring policy C) education program D) honor code

84) Which of the following is most important to the effectiveness of an internal code of conduct? A) ensuring that employees understand the code by requiring confirmation in writing B) paying bonuses to suppliers and distributors that agree to the code C) relying on nonprofit NGOs to develop guidelines D) adhering to industry standards and norms

A legal right of shareholders is: a) To vote on members for the board of directors. b) To receive interest, if declared. c) To publish annual financial reports. d) To vote on who will become chief executive officer (CEO).

According to an Oxford University study, what percentage of current jobs were expected to be overtaken by robots in the next two decades? A) About 50 percent. B) Only around 10 percent. C) Nearly 90 percent. D) Less than one percent.

An example of a hacking job motivated by retaliation is: A) A woman hired a hacker to break into Facebook to find out if her boyfriend was cheating on her. B) A foreign government stole data from U.S. institutions and asked for ransom to return it. C) A white hatter broke into a major software firm's computer network exposing security flaws. D) A gray hatter revealed previously unreported bugs on a popular online shopping site.

One ethical concern about businesses collecting vast amounts of stakeholder data is: A) If the effort actually benefits the stakeholders. B) The terms and conditions are confusing to consumers. C) The information is too secure to be useful. D) There is often not enough detail to build a marketing campaign.

Expert Witness Testimony

A common method of providing information to legislators is for CEOs and other executives to give testimony in various public forums. Businesses may want to provide facts, anecdotes, or data to educate and influence government leaders. One way that government officials collect information in the United States is through public congressional hearings, where business leaders may be invited to speak. These hearings may influence whether legislation is introduced in Congress, or change the language or funding of a proposed piece of legislation, or shape how regulation is implemented. In some cases, the very future of the industry may be at stake.

A critical characteristic of a successful CIO is: Multiple Choice Someone who relies on the chain of command. A leader with the ability to speak the language of the business. Dedicated to full-time back-office work. An expert on databases.

A leader with the ability to speak the language of the business.

When lead firms work with suppliers they can create shared value such as:

A more stable supply of products. Higher quality products for customers. Higher income for the supplier.

The term circular economy refers to: Multiple Choice A production process that starts with raw materials, to product, usage, and disposal. The cradle to grave cycle. A production system that is regenerative by design. Extended product responsibility.

A production system that is regenerative by design.

Firms in the chemical industry, which must contend with frequently changing environmental regulations and the risk of dangerous accidents, usually have: No defined political strategy. A sophisticated political strategy. A political strategy focused on intellectual property rights. A political strategy focused on licensing rights.

A sophisticated political strategy.

26. Approximately what percentage of Americans live within four miles of a Superfund site? A) 25%. B) 33%. C) 50%. D) 67%.

A) 25%.

39. In 2013 what percentage of large firms issued triple bottom line reporting in a single document? A. 10 percent. B. 45 percent. C. 72 percent. D. 93 percent.

A. 10 percent.

Antitrust laws protect consumers from: A. Anticompetitive practices by business. B. Selling products above cost to drive away rivals. C. Conspiring with business partners to increase competition. D. Firms using market dominance to expand commerce.

A. Anticompetitive practices by business.

Some researchers believe that business firms moving towards ecological sustainability results in: A. Competitive advantages. B. Decreased worker productivity. C. More government regulation. D. Less money for shareholders.

A. Competitive advantages.

Which of the following is true about corporate boards? A. Corporate boards average 12 members. B. About half of the directors are "outside" directors. C. Only one-third of all companies have at least one woman on their board. D. About 13 percent of board members are Latino.

A. Corporate boards average 12 members.

Being able to continue their activities indefinitely, without altering the carrying capacity of the earth's ecosystem, is a characteristic of: A. Ecologically sustainable organizations. B. Concerned citizens. C. Codes of environmental conduct. D. Environmental regulations.

A. Ecologically sustainable organizations.

21. Which ethical criterion is described by the idea that a company should strive for efficiency?

A. Egoism.

Which of the following are examples of natural monopolies? A. Electric utilities and railroads. B. Cable television and the media. C. Internet services and trucking. D. None of the above.

A. Electric utilities and railroads.

The unspoken understanding among employees of what is and is not acceptable behavior is called: A. Ethical climate. B. Efficiency. C. Success. D. Rites and rituals.

A. Ethical climate.

Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool? A. Expert witness testimony. B. Advocacy advertising.

A. Expert witness testimony.

Which of the following is a key feature of effective boards of directors? A. Hold regular meetings without the CEO present. B. Fill all important positions on the board with managers with insider knowledge of the firm. C. Combine the duties of the board chairman and the chief executive. D. Ensure that no outside members are included on the board.

A. Hold regular meetings without the CEO present.

The digital divide describes the gap between those: A. Individuals who have technology and those who do not. B. Businesses who use e-business and those who do not. C. Hospitals who use online information and those who do not. D. Individuals who have broadband technology and those who do not.

A. Individuals who have technology and those who do not.

22. We are currently in which phase in the development of technology?

A. Industrial. B. Service. C. Information. D. Semantic.

Governments being asked to regulate driving distractions are examples of a public policy: A. Input. B. Goal. C. Effect. D. Tool.

A. Input.

Advocacy ads are also called: A. Issue advertisements. B. Research and development plans.

A. Issue advertisements.

336. Which of these statements is true about ecologically sustainable organizations? A. Making and transporting products using minimal energy. B. Using more natural resources than they replenish. C. Designing products with limited durability. D. A and B, but not C.

A. Making and transporting products using minimal energy.

Which sales channel is projected to top $450 billion within the next several years? A. Online sales. B. Mobile sales. C. Brick and mortar stores. D. Flea markets.

A. Online sales..

A company that channels employee behavior in a lawful direction by emphasizing the threat of detection and punishment is: A. Operating under the compliance-based approach. B. Practicing "tone at the top." C. Operating under the integrity-based approach. D. Operating under the instrumental policy approach.

A. Operating under the compliance-based approach.

One of the main reasons that American executives are paid so much is: A. Pay is set by the compensation committees of the board, largely comprised of other CEOs who have an interest in pushing compensation up. B. Qualified individuals are scarce, because most current CEOs were born during the "baby bust" years of the Great Depression. C. High executive compensation in other nations puts upward pressure on the salaries of U.S. executives. D. Most executives are paid based on their performance, and rising compensation reflects the excellent performance of their firms.

A. Pay is set by the compensation committees of the board, largely comprised of other CEOs who have an interest in pushing compensation up.

Which condition below accurately describes a "web-junkie"? A. Plays video games for hours on end without a break. B. Views the real-world more realistically. C. Learns faster overall. D. Creates "mega-moments".

A. Plays video games for hours on end without a break.

33. One of the oldest financial-incentive strategy tools is: A. Political action committee contributions. B. Political consulting aid. C. Advocacy advertising. D. Lobbying.

A. Political action committee contributions.

Environmental justice is a movement to: A. Prevent inequitable exposure to risk, such as from hazardous waste. B. Identify polluters and require them to pay for the cleanup of their toxic waste. C. Reduce pollution at the source, rather than treat and dispose of waste at the "end of the pipe." D. Specifically restrict the use of dangerous pesticides which can pollute groundwater.

A. Prevent inequitable exposure to risk, such as from hazardous waste.

A. Promote fairness in the electoral process.

The mission of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is to: A. Protect shareholders' rights by making sure that stock markets are run fairly. B. Protect companies from hostile takeovers. C. Ensure that institutional investors do not take control of company management. D. Ensure that the federal treasury receives its share of the revenues from stock trading.

A. Protect shareholders' rights by making sure that stock markets are run fairly.

How are directors (members of corporate boards) selected? A. Shareholders elect the directors from a list of candidates. B. The company's CEO appoints the directors. C. The nominating committee elects the directors. D. Shareholders with the greatest proportional ownership in the company become directors.

A. Shareholders elect the directors from a list of candidates.

When environmentally proactive companies seek out imaginative, innovative new methods for reducing pollution and increasing efficiency, they are adopting which strategy? A. Technological innovation. B. Product differentiation. C. Brand differentiation. D. Cost savings.

A. Technological innovation.

The activism of institutional investors in other countries has been spearheaded by: A. U.S.-based pension and mutual funds that in recent years acquired large stakes in foreign countries. B. Foreign institutions that were granted new rights by their governments. C. Managers who became less active in proxy battles on a global level. D. The rising number of individual investors in public service companies.

A. U.S.-based pension and mutual funds that in recent years acquired large stakes in foreign countries.

When managers become personally involved in developing public policy, the firm is at what level of business political involvement?

Aggressive organizational involvement.

When managers become personally involved in developing public policy, the firm is at what level of business political involvement? Limited organizational involvement. Moderate organizational involvement. Aggressive organizational involvement. Holistic organizational involvement.

Aggressive organizational involvement.

When managers become personally involved in developing public policy, the firm is at what level of business political involvement? Multiple Choice Limited organizational involvement. Moderate organizational involvement. Aggressive organizational involvement. Holistic organizational involvement.

Aggressive organizational involvement.

In the United States, the federal government regulates which of the following major areas of environmental protection?

Air pollution Water pollution Solid and ha

Air pollution is accurately described by which of the following?

Air pollution occurs when more pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere than can be safely absorbed and diluted by natural processes.

Air pollution is accurately described by which of the following? Multiple Choice Air pollution occurs when more pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere than can be safely absorbed and diluted by natural processes. A majority of the people in the United States breathe unsafe air for at least part of the year. Air pollution caused by particulate matter is responsible for fewer than 600 premature or unnecessary deaths annually. The EPA has identified hundreds of "criteria" pollutants, relatively common harmful substances that serve as indicators of overall levels of air pollution.

Air pollution occurs when more pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere than can be safely absorbed and diluted by natural processes.

Depletion of the ozone layer, destruction of the rain forests, and species extinctions all have an impact on: All of society. A particular region. A particular nation. Only developing countries.

All of society.

Depletion of the ozone layer, destruction of the rain forests, and species extinctions all have an impact on: Multiple Choice All of society. A particular region. A particular nation. Only developing countries.

All of society.

Another name for unsolicited commercial emails is:

All of the above.

Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to:

All of the above.

Government efforts at controlling the Internet are found in which country?

All of the above.

The unmistakable economic and social force of technology is evident in

All of the above.

Which of these cost-savings measures saved U.S. regulatory agencies nearly $2 billion since 2011?

All of the above. ( Promotion of telemedicine in rural areas, coordination of hazards warning with other nations, removal or redundant reporting requirements)

Both large and small businesses have adopted sustainable practices to what advantage? Cost savings from operational efficiency. Opportunity to serve emerging economies. Reduction of regulatory risk. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Both large and small businesses have adopted sustainable practices to what advantage? Multiple Choice Cost savings from operational efficiency. Opportunity to serve emerging economies. Reduction of regulatory risk. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Emission fees are accurately characterized by which statement(s)? Multiple Choice Each business is charged for the undesirable pollution that it emits. Companies emitting more pollutants end up paying more pollution taxes. Revenues from emission fees can be used to support environmental efforts. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Global warming can be described by which of the following? The Earth has already warmed by between 0.7 and 1.1 degrees Celsius over the past century. Burning fossil fuels is the leading contributor of global warming. The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased by as much as 40 percent since the Industrial Revolution. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

In the United States, the federal government regulates which of the following major areas of environmental protection? Multiple Choice Air pollution. Water pollution. Solid and hazardous waste. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Public policies and government regulations are shaped by: Multiple Choice Business. Special interest groups. Government. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Reasons for the destruction of rain forests include: Multiple Choice Commercial logging. Cattle ranching. Conversion of forests to plantations. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Some argue that publishing personal DNA sequencing results is unethical because: Multiple Choice The results could compromise one's employment situation. Life insurance could be denied. The cost of health insurance could rise. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

The typical public affairs executive spends most of the day: Multiple Choice Coalition building. Direct lobbying. Fund raising. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

The use of robotics in the workplace has increased recently because: Multiple Choice The cost of robots has decreased. Robots are more reliable than people. New collaborative machines have been invented. All of these answers are correct.

All of these answers are correct.

Companies that cultivate a vision of sustainability must adopt sophisticated strategic planning techniques to:

Allow their top manager to assess the full range of the firm's effects on the environment.

One alternative to product liability lawsuits is called:

Alternative dispute resolution.

91) What motivations do companies have to act responsibly? How can codes of conduct help firms to act ethically?

Answer: a. Unethical and irresponsible behavior could result in legal sanctions, especially in the areas of bribery and product safety. b. Unethical and irresponsible behavior could also result in consumer boycotts. c. Unethical behavior can affect employee morale. Good behavior can positively influence both the workers in the developing countries as well as those in corporate headquarters back home who are proud of their company's behavior. d. Companies never know when bad publicity is going to cost them sales. A major component of most companies' strategies for ethical and socially responsible behavior is a code of conduct. External codes of conduct are useful only insofar as they give companies some general guidance on how to operate. The practical challenge for the company is familiarizing itself with the codes of many different organizations and using them to fashion its own internal code of conduct. A code of conduct that is clearly communicated to all employees, suppliers, and subcontractors should provide global policies that help guide decisions.

79) How can an MNE operating in a developing country have a positive influence on labor policies? Illustrate your answer with an example.

Answer: MNEs operating in countries with very different labor policies succumb to the pressure to simply leave the market. Usually, this turns out to be a shortsighted decision. Research shows, for instance, that companies like Nike have substantially improved the conditions of workers in overseas facilities. Granted, MNEs are in no position to revolutionize the employment practices of the countries in which they operate, but they can improve conditions at subcontract facilities and even influence the guidelines set by other foreign investors. In the case of IKEA, carpets make up a small percentage of sales, and it would have been easy to simply give up the product line and move out of India. But officials at IKEA felt a responsibility to the children and decided to do as much as possible to make a difference. As IKEA got more involved in India, it set up the IKEA Foundation and partnered with UNICEF, contributing over $190 million in cash and in-kind donations to UNICEF programs to help children and their families. IKEA's work with UNICEF went beyond the issues of the supply chain and moved more into the humanitarian aspect of how to help the children. The IKEA Foundation targets South Asia, especially India, because of its supply chain issues, but it also targets that region because of the tremendous need that exists to help the children.

62) What is the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act? How has this law affected ethical behavior among international businesses?

Answer: The FCPA outlaws bribery payments by U.S. firms to foreign officials, political parties, political officials, and political candidates. According to the act, it is illegal to make payments to government officials to directly engage in illegal activity to benefit the briber. However, it is possible for U.S. companies to make facilitating payments to foreign government officials to expedite legitimate transactions, in other words, doing what they should be doing, not doing something wrong. The FCPA is directed toward U.S. companies operating abroad, although the provisions of the FCPA were extended in 1998 to include bribery by foreign firms operating in the United States or one of its territories. The U.S. government and other governments world-wide are starting to crack down harder on bribery. Governments want to ensure that individual and corporate behavior are consistent with the best interest of the broader community and also want to be sure that laws are being followed.

What law prohibit unfair, anti competitive practices by business?

Antitrust laws

The Securities and Exchange Commission outlaws:

Any manipulative or deceptive device used to trade stocks

The Securities and Exchange Commission outlaws:

Any manipulative or deceptive device used to trade stocks.

The ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings is called: Multiple Choice Robotics. Artificial intelligence. Cyborg knowledge. Autonomous brainpower.

Artificial intelligence.

When suppliers endure audit after audit by different lead firms, this is called:

Audit fatigue.

25) According to the teleological approach, individuals base moral decisions on ________. A) personal and social responsibilities B) consequences of an action C) cultural value systems D) opinions of peers

28) What is the primary reason that Anglo American PLC developed its ART program? A) comply with government standards B) maintain a healthy workforce C) abide by union demands D) reduce employee benefits

34) Which of the following is NOT an example of normativism? A) A U.S. subsidiary operating in China that is forced to follow some U.S. laws, even though China has no comparable laws B) A U.S. sweatshop operating in Thailand that does not follow U.S. labor laws but allows children to work 60 hours a week C) An MNE manager who, after working in the host country, tries to implement foreign practices in the home-country office D) A British subsidiary operating in Indonesia that maintains the same health and safety standards for its foreign factories that are required in Great Britain, even though the British government does not require it to use those standards

35) The saying "When in Rome, do as the Romans do" applies to the ________ approach. A) teleological B) relativism C) normativism D) deontological

4) Which stakeholder group primarily wants additional sales and increased productivity? A) customers B) shareholders C) society at large D) government

5) Which stakeholder group is most interested in trustworthy behavior by corporate executives and increased corporate taxes? A) shareholders B) society C) employees D) customers

52) A 1977 U.S. law that outlaws bribery payments by U.S. firms to foreign government officials is known as the ________. A) Anti-Bribery Act of 2004 B) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act C) Zero Tolerance Initiative D) Sarbanes-Oxley Act

7) Which of the following is one of the primary business objectives for pursuing ethical behavior? A) avoiding industrial sanctions B) developing competitive advantages C) developing creative advertisements D) discouraging false commitments to the firm

74) Which of the following best supports the idea that MNEs should remain in countries that allow child labor? A) MNEs have a positive influence on government employment policies in most foreign countries. B) Many MNEs have substantially improved the working conditions of their foreign plants. C) MNEs are required to pay child workers more than local companies. D) Most MNEs employ local managers to handle cultural differences.

80) Monique has recently been hired as an accounts supervisor at Ballston Enterprises. She wants to understand Ballston's values and its expectations for employee behavior. Which of the following would most likely provide Monique with this information? A) mission statement B) code of conduct C) vision statement D) employee contract

9) Which of the following is a primary business objective for pursuing ethical behavior? A) avoiding industrial sanctions B) developing competitive advantages C) developing creative advertisements D) discouraging false commitments to the firm

A critical characteristic of a successful CIO is: A) Someone who relies on the chain of command. B) A leader with the ability to speak the language of the business. C) Dedicated to full-time back-office work. D) An expert on databases.

Buying and selling goods and services electronically is called: A) M-commerce. B) E-business. C) Telecommunications. D) Intellectual property.

General Electric has focused on being more "green" in recent years most likely because ________. A) the industry has always looked to GE as a trend setter in green technology B) GE executives believe the firm can strategically align investor and environmental interests C) GE executives realize that the firm can save significant money through the use of solar technology D) the U.S. government has decided to use GE as a test case to see if the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol can actually work for a U.S. firm

Increased cyber activity by which countries prompted NATO officials to brand them as "patriotic hackers"? A) Russia and Estonia. B) Iran and China. C) Iraq and Pakistan. D) Mexico and Canada.

One of the biggest challenges for autonomous vehicle manufacturers, according to the case The Arrival of Autonomous Cars—Bright Future or Looming Threat? was: A) Keeping production costs low enough to make a profit. B) Ensuring the vehicles were safer than driver-controlled automobiles. C) Complying with international autonomous vehicle regulations. D) Building cars luxurious enough to attract wealthy customers.

The ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings is called: A) Robotics. B) Artificial intelligence. C) Cyborg knowledge. D) Autonomous brainpower.

34. Which of the following is the most advanced stage of corporate environmental responsibility? A) Pollution prevention stage. B) Clean technology stage. C) Product stewardship stage. D) Green management stage.

B) Clean technology stage.

Which political action strategy seeks to gain support from other affected organization to better influence policy makers? A) Information strategy B) Constituency-building strategy C) Financial-Incentive strategy D) Lobbying strategy

B) Constituency-building strategy

16. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was: A) Created to monitor and regulate nuclear activity. B) Created in 1970 to coordinate most of the government's efforts to protect the environment. C) The final major piece of legislation dealing with environmental issues until 2003. D) All of the above.

B) Created in 1970 to coordinate most of the government's efforts to protect the environment.

43. A solution of____ is used to leach gold. A) Arsenic. B) Cyanide. C) Chlorine. D) Ammonia

B) Cyanide.

37. When businesses form voluntary, collaborative partnerships with environmental organizations and regulators to achieve specific objectives this is called: A) Interorganizational alliances. B) Environmental partnerships. C) Cross-functional teams. D) Command and control.

B) Environmental partnerships.

21. Which country has made the greatest progress in reducing its solid waste stream? A) United Kingdom B) Germany. C) Japan. D) United States.

B) Germany.

29. Which of the following is a disadvantage of the emissions fees and taxes approach of reducing pollution? A) Taxes may be too high to allow businesses to remain profitable. B) Taxes may be too low to curb pollution. C) Taxes will reduce competition among businesses. D) All of the above.

B) Taxes may be too low to curb pollution.

In 2013, median compensation for directors at the largest U.S. corporations was around: A. $150,000. B. $240,000. C. $550,000. D. $1,200,000.

B. $240,000.

Which of the following is not an instance of "insider trading"? A. An auditor using nonpublic information about the company to invest in its stock. B. A marketing executive briefing stock analysts on the company's sales performance. C. The CEO's cousin buying stock after the CEO mentioned a pending offer to buy the company. D. A stock broker passing an "inside tip" to a client, but not trading for his or her own account.

B. A marketing executive briefing stock analysts on the company's sales performance.

21. Firms in the chemical industry, which must contend with frequently changing environmental regulations and the risk of dangerous accidents, usually have: A. No defined political strategy. B. A sophisticated political strategy. C. A political strategy focused on intellectual property rights. D. A political strategy focused on licensing rights.

B. A sophisticated political strategy.

Which of the following represents a structural remedy for an antitrust violation? A. Paying a large fine. B. Breaking up a monopoly. C. Disclosure of company information to rivals. D. Agreeing to change a firm's conduct.

B. Breaking up a monopoly.

B. Bundling.

When a firm solicits its stockholders for political contributions for a particular candidate by letter and then sends those contributions to the candidate on behalf of its stockholders, it is called: A. Lobbying. B. Bundling. C. Collating. D. Constituency building.

B. Bundling.

39. A CIO is the company's: A. Chief intelligence officer. B. Chief information officer. C. Coordinator of international operations. D. Controller of internal overhead.

B. Chief information officer.

30. Integrity-based ethics programs

B. Combines concern for the law with an emphasis on employee responsibility.

Deregulation has occurred in the following industries: A. Commercial airlines, sheet metal, and interstate trucking. B. Commercial airlines, railroads, and financial institutions. C. Commercial airlines, interstate trucking, and silicon chip manufacturing. D. Financial institutions, railroads, and silicon chip manufacturing.

B. Commercial airlines, railroads, and financial institutions.

Which political action strategy seeks to gain support from other affected organizations to better influence policymakers? A. Information strategy. B. Constituency-building strategy.

B. Constituency-building strategy.

Which political action strategy seeks to gain support from other affected organizations to better influence policymakers? A. Information strategy. B. Constituency-building strategy. C. Financial-incentive strategy. D. Lobbying strategy.

B. Constituency-building strategy.

**44. Which of these statements is true about the U.K. Bribery Act? A. Provides an exemption for "facilitating payments". B. Contains a strict liability offense for failure to prevent bribery by commercial organizations. C. Prohibits bribery only for government officials. D. Requires that improper actions be made "corruptly."

B. Contains a strict liability offense for failure to prevent bribery by commercial organizations.

Malware that is designed to maliciously steal and compromise financial customers is called: A. Trojans. B. Crimeware. C. Auto-replicating worms. D. Phishing

B. Crimeware. C. Auto-replicating worms. D. Phishing.

21. The place where information is stored, ideas are described, and communication takes place in and through an electronic network of linked systems is called: A. The personal computer. B. Cyberspace. C. Cloud computing. D. Communication.

B. Cyberspace. C. Cloud computing. D. Communication.

27. This Act makes it a crime to circumvent antipiracy measures built into most commercial software agreements between the manufactures and their users: A. Software Business Piracy Act. B. Digital Millennium Copyright Act. C. Intellectual Property Millennium Act. D. Copyright Act of 1998.

B. Digital Millennium Copyright Act.

This law tightened regulation on issuers of complex securities, especially those related to subprime mortgages: A. Sarbanes-Oxley Act. B. Dodd-Frank Act. C. Affordable Care Act. D. Securities and Exchange Act.

B. Dodd-Frank Act.

The buying and selling of goods and services electronically is called: A. M-commerce. B. E-business. C. Telecommunications. D. Software piracy.

B. E-business.

Ethics policies typically cover all of the following issues except: A. Developing guidelines for accepting or refusing gifts from suppliers. B. Encouraging discriminatory personnel practices. C. Avoiding conflict of interest. D. Maintaining the security of proprietary information.

B. Encouraging discriminatory personnel practices.

Corporate governance involves the exercise of control over a company's: A. Finance and accounting departments. B. Entire corporate direction. C. Manufacturing facilities. D. Marketing and human resources departments.

B. Entire corporate direction.

When businesses form voluntary, collaborative partnerships with environmental organizations and regulators to achieve specific objectives this is called: A. Inter-organizational alliances. B. Environmental partnerships. C. Cross-functional teams. D. Command and control.

B. Environmental partnerships.

An example of a regulatory agency charged with enforcing social regulation is: A. Federal Aviation Administration. B. Federal Trade Commission. C. Federal Communications Commission. D. Internal Revenue Service.

B. Federal Trade Commission.

Recipients of the corporate ethics awards show that: A. Awards are based on economic power, not ethical performance. B. Firms can be financially successful and ethically focused. C. Being legally compliant results in receiving an ethics award. D. Improving ethical performance is very costly, but bolsters a firm's reputation.

B. Firms can be financially successful and ethically focused.

Which country has made the greatest progress in reducing its solid waste stream? A. United Kingdom. B. Germany. C. Sweden. D. United States.

B. Germany.

Governments hold the power to: A. Grant permission for only specific business activity. B. Grant or refuse permission for many types of business activity. C. Refuse permission for only government funded activity. D. None of the above.

B. Grant or refuse permission for many types of business activity.

Which website received a favorable review because they limited the ability of hackers to take advantage of one another? A. Hackers for Hire. B. Hacker's List. C. Facebook. D. ISIS.

B. Hacker's List.

24. The information phase of technology primarily requires: A. Providing services. B. Intellectual and electronic skills. C. Manual and machine skills. D. The same skills as needed in previous phases.

B. Intellectual and electronic skills.

Which of the following is true about the Toxic Substances Control Act? A. It required reductions in urban smog, acid rain, and greenhouse gas emissions. B. It established a national policy to regulate, restrict, and, if necessary, ban toxic chemicals. C. It promoted nontoxic chemicals and fuels for business use. D. It authorized funds for treatment plans and toxic waste cleanup.

B. It established a national policy to regulate, restrict, and, if necessary, ban toxic chemicals.

19. In recent annual Harris polls, which entity did Americans believe had the greatest amount of political power? A. Small businesses. B. Large businesses. C. Political action committees. D. Lobbyists.

B. Large businesses.

In recent annual Harris polls, which entity did Americans believe had the greatest amount of political power? A. Small businesses. B. Large businesses. C. Political action committees. D. Lobbyists.

B. Large businesses.

The information strategy tool most used by business is: A. Political contributions. B. Lobbying. C. Legal challenges.

B. Lobbying.

Bill Joy, Sun Microsystems' chief scientist, warned that the rapid advances of technology: A. Solve every insurmountable problem in no time flat. B. Move too fast, and can take on a life of its own. C. Are the safest and most human friendly known to civilization. D. Must be controlled by the companies that invest in them to protect society.

B. Move too fast, and can take on a life of its own.

Most ethics or compliance officers are generally entrusted to: A. Act as a liaison between the company and the Securities and Exchange Commission. B. Reduce the risks to the company of employee misconduct. C. Annually distribute copies of the company's code of ethics to all interested stakeholders. D. Arrange for ethics training for employees at a nearby university.

B. Reduce the risks to the company of employee misconduct.

Which of the following is not true about institutional investors? A. Institutions invest their funds by purchasing shares of stock in corporations. B. The proportion of institutional ownership of stock in the U.S. has declined slowly since the 1960s. C. Pension funds and university endowments are examples of institutional investors. D. Institutions accounted for 63 percent of the value of all equities owned in the U.S. in 2010.

B. The proportion of institutional ownership of stock in the U.S. has declined slowly since the 1960s.

B. The role of the media in elections.

Managers' understanding of government regulations is:

Both a domestic and international issue

Which of the following statements is not true about shareholders? A. They are the legal owners of business corporations. B. They own equal shares of company assets. C. They are investors in the company. D. Managers pay close attention to their needs and interests.

B. They own equal shares of company assets.

Regulation can be argued as justified based on: A. Collective market theory. B. Utilitarian and justice grounds. C. The life cycle of regulation. D. Tradition.

B. Utilitarian and justice grounds.

Institutional investors are sometimes referred to as: A. Main Street investors. B. Wall Street investors. C. Inside investors. D. Outside investors.

B. Wall Street investors.

Sustainable development: Meets the needs of the present while compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Gives precedence to environmental over economic considerations. Balances economic and environmental considerations. Gives precedence to present needs over future needs.

Balances economic and environmental considerations.

A technological application that uses biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products or processes for specific use is called:

Biotechnology

A technological application that uses biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products or processes for specific use is called: Multiple Choice Biosphere outcome. Metatechnology. Biology. Biotechnology.

Biotechnology

An organization that produces net zero emissions of greenhouse gases is achieving: Multiple Choice Carbon offsets. Carbon credits. Carbon neutrality. Black carbon.

Black carbon.

By promoting the use of clean cookstoves in developing nations, a global alliance hopes to reduce: Deforestation. The burning of fossil fuels. Black carbon. Methane.

Black carbon.

A pain or numbness in your thumbs caused by constant e-mailing, messaging, or Internet surfing on hand-held devices is called:

BlackBerry thumb.

The antitrust enforcement agencies in the United States have the legal authority to: Legalize and enforce fixed prices in the U.S. Fine EU firms unfairly operating in Europe. Block anticompetitive mergers in the U.S. Issue tariffs against a foreign nation involved in illegal business practices.

Block anticompetitive mergers in the U.S.

The difference between a blog and a vlog is:

Blogs have no ethical dilemma attached to them while vlogs have a blurred ethical line.

A firm can affect the general public's opinion of its reputation through

Blogs written by CEOs. Billboard messages. Television advertisements.

In the nomadic-agrarian phase of technology in society, people:

Both A and B, but not C.

Supporters of advocacy advertisements believe that they:

Both A and B, but not C.

Which of these programs offer a common auditing tool for sharing data on the labor, environmental and ethical practices of suppliers?

Both Sustainable Compliance Initiative and Sedex Global.

Managers' understanding of government regulations is: Both a domestic and international issue. Primarily a domestic issue. Primarily an international issue. An international issue only for large firms.

Both a domestic and international issue.

During crisis management, doing the right thing should include:

Both accepting responsibility and expressing regret.

Media training is especially important for which company roles?

Both board of directors and General Counsel.

Through which stakeholder networks can the public demand a certain level of performance from a firm?

Both consumer advocacy groups and government agencies.

Investors may receive an economic benefit from the ownership of stock by receiving:

Both dividends and capital gains.

As a stakeholder, suppliers' interests include:

Both earning income and utilizing productive capacity efficiently.

Which of these measures is (are) frequently used to rate suppliers when using an integrated supplier scorecard?

Both environmental performance and product quality.

In some nondemocratic or authoritarian societies such as China, Pakistan, Iran, and North Korea, why did the governments generally intervene to restrict their citizens' access to information and various Internet and social media sites? rev_10_16_2020_QC_CS-236039 Multiple Choice To suppress political dissent To impose religious or ideological views To increase bandwidth for government usage Both of these answers are correct: "To impose religious or ideological views" and "To suppress political dissent."

Both of these answers are correct: "To impose religious or ideological views" and "To suppress political dissent."

A strong employer-employee relationship is central to:

Both of these answers are correct: Achieving a corporation's economic goals; and satisfying the wishes of those who contribute their skills and talents to the company.

73) According to the Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI), ________. A) child labor cannot be used unless there are no suitable alternatives B) employment need not be freely chosen in order to be acceptable C) no harsh or inhumane treatment of workers should be allowed D) MNEs are not responsible for establishing codes of conduct

The core idea(s) of sustainable development is (are): Multiple Choice Economic development must be accomplished sustainably. Poverty is an underlying cause of environmental degradation. Affluence is an underlying cause of environmental degradation. Both of these answers are correct: Economic development must be accomplished sustainably; and poverty is an underlying cause of environmental degradation.

Both of these answers are correct: Economic development must be accomplished sustainably; and poverty is an underlying cause of environmental degradation.

What are the benefits of sequencing the human genome? rev: 05_08_2020_QC_CS-212072 Multiple Choice Helps early diagnosis of diseases. Allows the development of generic drugs. Spurs new ways to prevent illnesses. Both of these answers are correct: Helps early diagnosis of diseases; spurs new ways to prevent illnesses.

Both of these answers are correct: Helps early diagnosis of diseases; spurs new ways to prevent illnesses.

Supporters of advocacy advertisements believe that they: Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder. Can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue. Increase union activity and long-term expenses for an organization. Both of these answers are correct: Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder; and can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue.

Both of these answers are correct: Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder; and can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue.

Supporters of advocacy advertisements believe that they: Multiple Choice Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder. Can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue. Increase union activity and long-term expenses for an organization. Both of these answers are correct: Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder; and can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue.

Both of these answers are correct: Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder; and can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue.

By raising and lowering the interest rates at which private banks borrow money from the government, the Federal Reserve Bank: Multiple Choice Influences the size of the nation's money supply. Influences the value of the dollar. Minimizes investor confidence about the nation's future. Both of these answers are correct: Influences the size of the nation's money supply; and influences the value of the dollar.

Both of these answers are correct: Influences the size of the nation's money supply; and influences the value of the dollar.

The major federal consumer protection agencies are authorized by law to:

Both of these answers are correct: Intervene directly into the very center of free market activities, if that is considered necessary to protect consumers; and substitute government-mandated standards for decision making by private buyers and sellers.

Which industry(ies) have taken the lead in revitalizing neighborhoods?

Both of these answers are correct: Life insurance firms; and health insurance companies.

The "gig" (or sharing) economy is accurately described by which of these?

Both of these answers are correct: Many companies have become more cost-efficient; and the generally low wages have increased the welfare burden on the government.

Employees in the United States have a legal right to:

Both of these answers are correct: Organize and bargain collectively; and a safe and healthy workplace.

An example of codes of environmental conduct that have been developed by and for specific industries include: Multiple Choice The Equator Principles. The Forest Stewardship Principles. The Greenhouse Gas Protocol. Both of these answers are correct: The Equator Principles; and The Forest Stewardship Principles.

Both of these answers are correct: The Equator Principles; and The Forest Stewardship Principles.

An example of codes of environmental conduct that have been developed by and for specific industries include: The Equator Principles. The Forest Stewardship Principles. The Greenhouse Gas Protocol. Both of these answers are correct: The Equator Principles; and The Forest Stewardship Principles.

Both of these answers are correct: The Equator Principles; and The Forest Stewardship Principles.

Women in the U.S. workforce are accurately characterized by which of these statements?

Both of these answers are correct: The participation rate has been between 46 and 47 percent since the late 2000s; and the participation rates of women and men in the workforce have diverged.

The purpose of the media relations department is to manage a firm's:

Both relationship with the public and public image.

Where are workers not permitted to form independent unions?

Both some communist countries and some military dictatorships.

MIT researchers determined that 90 percent of shopper's credit-card transactions could be used to: Multiple Choice Uniquely identify an individual's shopping habits and preferences. Collect individual Social Security numbers. Identify an individual shopper using only four bits of secondary information. Both to uniquely identify an individual's shopping habits and preferences and to identify an individual shopper using only four bits of secondary information.

Both to uniquely identify an individual's shopping habits and preferences and to identify an individual shopper using only four bits of secondary information.

Studies have shown that green marketing has been most successful at what level? Multiple Choice Product. Service. Brand. Executive.

Brand.

To influence government policymakers' actions, an information strategy involves: Multiple Choice Business leaders speaking before government policymakers. Government policymakers hiring special interest groups for fact-finding projects. Businesses listening to government policymakers in order to develop a corporate strategy. Gaining support from other affected organizations.

Business leaders speaking before government policymakers.

26) Encouraging ethical behavior for the purpose of developing competitive advantages will most likely result in all of the following for a firm EXCEPT ________. A) strategic accomplishment B) consumer commitment C) industry resolutions D) financial success

27) What is the primary problem associated with Anglo American PLC's ART program? A) unknown side effects to drugs and treatment B) rising costs of medications and procedures C) poor treatment adherence by employees D) lack of sufficient insurance coverage

43) Why is the argument that "anything legal is ethical" most likely insufficient? A) Everything that is unethical is also illegal. B) The law is an extremely efficient way to solve ethical dilemmas. C) Laws are frequently based on imprecisely defined moral concepts. D) Laws can never be changed; thus, rules for all possible ethical dilemmas are found in the law.

44) Which of the following is a reason for an MNE to base its standards for ethical behavior on a country's laws? A) The law embodies many of a country's moral beliefs but is an inadequate guide for proper conduct. B) The law contains unenforceable rules that are impossible for society to follow. C) The law represents a consensus derived from significant deliberation. D) The law is based on precisely defined moral concepts.

45) An advocate of the legal-justification standard would most likely assert that the law ________. A) develops slowly in response to evolving societal dilemmas B) protects business activities that are unethical but not illegal C) contains enforceable rules that apply to everyone D) offers necessary moral flexibility for a society

46) Which of the following is most important when designing an internal code of conduct? A) requesting U.N. oversight and intervention when necessary B) communicating the code of conduct only to employees C) reporting results to external stakeholders D) forming local policies for each subsidiary

49) What is the primary concern regarding anti-corruption measures in the EU? A) resistance to an official anti-fraud commission B) inability to adopt a corruption definition C) lack of uniform laws across nations D) failure to conduct internal auditing

54) The OECD Convention against bribery is an example of a(n) ________. A) bilateral agreement developed for the EU B) agreement that targets the demand side of bribery C) agreement that targets the supply side of bribery D) UN Convention dominated by developing countries

63) Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is known as ________. A) competitive advantage B) the Kyoto Protocol C) sustainability D) externality

27. When attempting to build ethical safeguards into the company, businesses can take the following specific approaches: A. Institutional and Legal. B. Legal and Practical. C. Compliance and Integrity. D. Value-based and Consequentialism.

C. Compliance and Integrity.

77) Quantum Footwear is an MNE that manufactures inexpensive shoes. Quantum outsources portions of its production to independent companies located in Bangladesh and India, where child labor is common. Other clothing and footwear firms have recently faced criticism regarding the use of child labor, and Quantum executives want to avoid similar problems. Which of the following guidelines enforced by Quantum would LEAST likely be supported by the International Labor Organization? A) establishing bridge schools B) monitoring workplace safety C) allowing children ages 10-15 to work a maximum of 4 hours per day D) prohibiting abusive labor conditions

83) The UN Global Compact is best described as a(n) ________. A) corruption mandate B) environmental initiative C) external code of conduct D) international trade guideline

According to McKinsey and Company, which position cannot be easily replaced with robots? A) Repetitive factory jobs. B) Clerks and bookkeepers. C) Team managers. D) Legal researchers.

An argument in support of high executive compensation is: a) There is currently a surplus of qualified executive candidates. b) High executive pay drives away talented middle managers who feel unfairly compensated. c) High salaries provide an incentive for innovation and risk-taking. d) Inflated executive pay helps U.S. firms compete with foreign rivals.

As of 2016 what was the average cost of a data breach in the United States? A) $450 billion. B) $2.24 million. C) $7 million. D) $500 thousand.

Downloading illegal files, spreading computer viruses, and stealing from online bank accounts is collectively referred to as: A) Hacking. B) Software piracy. C) Cybercrime. D) Internet censorship.

One argument in favor of net neutrality is: A) Businesses that pay more should have faster Internet. B) Broadband providers should have free reign to block any site they object to. C) To fairly compete, small, medium, and large firms should have the same Internet bandwidth. D) Individuals don't need fast Internet, only businesses do.

The board committee that administers and approves salaries and benefits of high-level managers in a company is called: a) Nominating. b) Executive. c) Compensation. d) Human resources.

Which of the following is a key feature of effective boards of directors? a) Ensure that no outside members are included on the board. b) Fill all important positions on the board with managers with insider knowledge of the firm. c) Hold regular meetings without the CEO present. d) Combine the duties of the board chairman and the chief executive.

Which of the following is an example of fulfilling social objectives through stock ownership? a) Selling stock of companies with a below-market rate of return. b) Investing in Burmese companies that had been accused of human rights abuses. c) Divesting from Chinese companies that made products using forced labor. d) Selling stock of companies that refused to do business with nations that produced conflict minerals.

28. Which of the following is a market based mechanism for dealing with pollution? A) Command and control regulation. B) Source reduction. C) Emissions fee. D) None of the above are market based mechanisms.

C) Emissions fee.

20. Which of the following is not true about water pollution? A) It can lead to the spread of the e coli virus. B) It can be caused by pesticides and herbicides. C) It can be caused by biodegradable products. D) The Water Pollution Control Act aims to maintain the integrity of all surface water in the United States.

C) It can be caused by biodegradable products.

40. Environmental staff experts are most effective . A) When they deal directly with the CEO. B) with "triple green" companies. C) when they work closely with people who carry out a company's daily operations. D) when supervised directly by the Board of Directors.

C) when they work closely with people who carry out a company's daily operations.

The Mullahs in Iran is an example of the power of government derived from: A. A monarchy. B. A military dictatorship. C. A religious authority. D. A democracy.

C. A religious authority.

When managers become personally involved in developing public policy, the firm is at what level of business political involvement? A. Limited organizational involvement. B. Moderate organizational involvement. C. Aggressive organizational involvement.

C. Aggressive organizational involvement.

In 2008 and early 2009, share values declined sharply as the global economy fell into a severe recession. This type of stock market is referred to as a: A. Bull market. B. Volatile market. C. Bear market. D. None of the above.

C. Bear market.

When companies develop a reputation for environmental excellence, and they produce and deliver products and services designed to attract environmentally aware customers, this is called: A. Technological innovation. B. Strategic planning. C. Brand differentiation. D. Cost savings.

C. Brand differentiation.

Which country recently enacted new laws to counter bribery and corruption? A. Russia. B. Somalia. C. Brazil. D. Argentina.

C. Brazil.

Which of the following is not true about the guidelines for sentencing environmental wrongdoers set by the U.S. Sentencing Commission in the event of a violation? A. The penalties reflect the severity of the offense and the company's demonstrated environmental commitment. B. Businesses having an active compliance program would receive lighter sentences. C. Businesses having no active compliance program would be granted an extension to develop a program. D. Businesses that promptly assisted any victims would receive lighter sentences.

C. Businesses having no active compliance program would be granted an extension to develop a program.

General Electric's "Ecomagination" effort to invest in clean technology is an example of: A. Pollution prevention. B. Product stewardship. C. Clean technology. D. None of the above.

C. Clean technology.

A company that builds stakeholder coalitions to influence government is using which strategy? A. Informational. B. Financial-incentives. C. Constituency-building.

C. Constituency-building.

Which of the following is true about the U.S. government's PRISM program? A. Technology companies could voluntarily turn over individual private communications. B. The clandestine program was hidden by Edward Snowden. C. Critics of the program called it an unwarranted intrusion by Big Brother. D. Google challenged the program rules and won.

C. Critics of the program called it an unwarranted intrusion by Big Brother.

29. Since 2011, the total amount spent on lobbying activity has: A. Remained exactly the same. B. Doubled. C. Decreased slightly. D. Increased slightly.

C. Decreased slightly.

20. A corporate political strategy does not: A. Hinder a competitor's ability to compete economically. B. Seek to continue the firm's economic survival or growth. C. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing. D. Exercise a firm's right to a voice in government affairs.

C. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing.

A corporate political strategy does not: A. Hinder a competitor's ability to compete economically. B. Seek to continue the firm's economic survival or growth. C. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing. D. Exercise a firm's right to a voice in government affairs.

C. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing.

18. If a manager approaches ethical issues with a self-centered approach, emphasis will be on: A. Integrity. B. Social relationship. C. Economic efficiency. D. Laws.

C. Economic efficiency.

When a government orders companies not to conduct business in another country because of a war, human rights violations, or lack of a legitimate government; these orders are called: A. Government bailouts. B. Political sanctions. C. Economic sanctions. D. Government stop-orders.

C. Economic sanctions.

Supporters of digitized medical records claim that: A. The number of common medical errors has remained constant. B. Computerized prescription-ordering systems avoided over seven million mistakes. C. Electronic alerts prevented dangerous drug combinations from being prescribed. D. Both B and C, but not A.

C. Electronic alerts prevented dangerous drug combinations from being prescribed..

20. In 2013, North Korea opened Internet access to which group of people? A. All of its natural citizens. B. South Korean residents. C. Foreigners using mobile devices and laptops. D. Investors of Koryolink, a state-owned telecommunications company.

C. Foreigners using mobile devices and laptops

In 2012 the European Union imposed a carbon emissions fee on all airlines flying in and out of EU airspace that: A. Successfully raised funds through fees to limit greenhouse gas emissions. B. Garnered great support from the Chinese and U.S. governments. C. Generated great opposition from more than two dozen countries. D. Effectively eliminated greenhouse gas emissions in its airspace.

C. Generated great opposition from more than two dozen countries.

These individuals hack into government or corporate computer networks and then release information to try to embarrass those organizations or gain leverage against these organizations: A. Software pirates. B. Comodohackers. C. Hacktivists. D. Data trafficking groups.

C. Hacktivists.

Which of the following arguments supports the concept of high executive compensation? A. Inflated executive pay helps U.S. firms compete with foreign rivals. B. High executive pay drives away talented middle managers who feel unfairly compensated. C. High salaries provide an incentive for innovation and risk-taking. D. There is currently a surplus of qualified executive candidates.

C. High salaries provide an incentive for innovation and risk-taking.

16. What method(s) did the businesses opposed to Arkansas' "religious freedom" laws use to influence lawmakers? A. Filed a lawsuit. B. Made public announcements. C. Hired private lobbyists. D. Both B and C, but not A.

C. Hired private lobbyists.

Business managers need a set of ethical guidelines to help them: A. Understand the changing customs throughout the world. B. Justify the resolution which best helps them. C. Identify and analyze the nature of the ethical problem. D. None of the above.

C. Identify and analyze the nature of the ethical problem.

32. Expert witness testimony is often collected: A. Through company newsletters. B. On the steps of the White House. C. In Congressional hearings. D. From The Wall Street Journal.

C. In Congressional hearings.

Expert witness testimony is often collected: A. Through company newsletters. B. On the steps of the White House. C. In Congressional hearings.

C. In Congressional hearings.

Public policy tools involve a combination of: A. Incentives and political favors. B. Penalties and prison terms. C. Incentives and penalties. D. Political favors and prison terms.

C. Incentives and penalties.

In 2014, of the following nations, the fastest growing stock market was in: A. United States. B. Japan. C. India. D. Indonesia.

C. India.

20. The phase of technology that focuses on building material goods and manual labor is: A. Agrarian. B. Service. C. Industrial. D. Information.

C. Industrial.

Building ethical safeguards into a company's everyday routines is called: A. Change management. B. Justifying ethics. C. Institutionalizing ethics. D. Ethical awareness.

C. Institutionalizing ethics.

C. Legal challenges.

The "agency problem" arises when: A. Owners manage the company on their own behalf. B. There is no separation of ownership and control in a company. C. Managers act in their own interest, rather than in the interest of shareholders. D. Shareholders act in their own interest, rather than in the interest of the board.

C. Managers act in their own interest, rather than in the interest of shareholders.

When the market fails to adjust for the full costs of a firm's behavior, this is called: A. Negative externalities. B. Deregulation. C. Market failure. D. Re-regulation.

C. Market failure.

The process of firms buying and selling the right to pollute is an example of which type of environmental regulation? A. Command. B. Control. C. Market-based. D. Emissions charges.

C. Market-based.

42. The purpose of the Institute of Business Ethics' mobile application "Say No Toolkit" is to: A. Monitor inter-office dating. B. Always get the lowest prices on supplies. C. Minimize the risk of corruption. D. Avoid drugs in the workplace.

C. Minimize the risk of corruption.

Which of the following is indicative of a firm in the pollution prevention stage of the corporate environmental responsibility model? A. Realizing that it would be less efficient and more expensive to prevent pollution before it is created. B. Focusing on all environmental impacts of the product life-cycle. C. Minimizing or eliminating waste before it is created. D. Incurring losses due to environmental costs.

C. Minimizing or eliminating waste before it is created.

M-Commerce is facilitated primarily by: A. Lap-tops. B. Personal computers. C. Mobile or cell phones. D. The government.

C. Mobile or cell phones.

Which stage of corporate environmental responsibility focuses on the full life cycle of a product? A. Pollution prevention stage. B. Clean technology stage. C. Product stewardship stage. D. Green management stage.

C. Product stewardship stage.

38. Which company ethics safeguard is commonly implemented as an employee "helpline"? A. Top management commitment. B. Code of ethics. C. Reporting mechanisms. D. Compliance tracking.

C. Reporting mechanisms.

Which of the following is not an example of fulfilling social objectives through stock ownership? A. Selling stock of companies that did business in South Africa when it had a policy of racial discrimination. B. Divesting from Chinese companies that made products using forced labor. C. Selling stock of companies with a below-market rate of return. D. Not investing in Burmese companies that had been accused of human rights abuses.

C. Selling stock of companies with a below-market rate of return.

Integrity-based ethics programs: A. Seeks to avoid legal sanctions. B. Combines concern for the law with an emphasis on employee responsibility. C. Threatens employees with punishment for non-compliance with the ethics program. D. Are predominately implemented within the European Union.

C. Senior-level managers signal to employees that they believe ethics is a high priority.

Total social regulation costs are: A. Slightly higher than total economic regulation costs. B. Slightly less than total economic regulation costs. C. Significantly higher than total economic regulation costs. D. Equal to total economic regulation costs.

C. Significantly higher than total economic regulation costs.

Around the world, government: A. Tends to cooperate with business. B. Tends to be in conflict with business. C. Sometimes cooperates and sometimes is in conflict with business. D. Tends to be controlled by business.

C. Sometimes cooperates and sometimes is in conflict with business.

37. The critical component in installing an effective ethics program is: A. To allow all employees the freedom to act as they wish. B. In hiring an expensive ethics consultant. C. The integration of various ethics safeguards into a comprehensive program. D. Maintaining the position as the industry sales leader.

C. The integration of various ethics safeguards into a comprehensive program.

Economic leverage occurs when a business uses it economic power to: A. Hire lobbyists to gain a desired political action. B. Pay for the costs of regulation to acquire a desired political action. C. Threaten to leave a location unless a desired political action is taken.

C. Threaten to leave a location unless a desired political action is taken.

European Union regulators accused Uber of engaging in: A. Price-fixing. B. False advertising. C. Unfair competition. D. Unhealthy working conditions.

C. Unfair competition.

Anti-spam legislation was passed by which country making it a crime to send unsolicited e-mail messages to people's private e-mail addresses or cell phones: A. China. B. Japan. C. United Kingdom. D. Germany.

C. United Kingdom.

Hackers employed by businesses or governments to intentionally discover weaknesses in information systems are called: A. Grey hatters. B. Black hatters. C. White hatters. D. Mad hatters.

C. White hatters.

An organization that produces net zero emissions of greenhouse gases is achieving: Carbon offsets. Carbon credits. Carbon neutrality. Black carbon.

Carbon neutrality.

Which pattern of consumption is recommended to reduce humanity's global footprint? Multiple Choice Buying goods from firms that always seek to maximize their profits. Choosing less harmful products. Building more transit stops on the outskirts of town. Eating more beef.

Choosing less harmful products.

The use of publicly accessed servers to store users' text photos, videos and other data at remote sites, rather than on their own computers is called:

Cloud computing.

Life-cycle analysis involves: Multiple Choice Accurately recording the production costs at each stage of a product's life cycle. Collecting information regarding the lifelong environmental impact of a product, from extraction to disposal. Reducing recycling costs for disposable products. Increasing productivity while improving the environment.

Collecting information regarding the lifelong environmental impact of a product, from extraction to disposal.

Deregulation has occurred in the following industries: Commercial airlines, sheet metal, and interstate trucking. Commercial airlines, railroads, and financial institutions. Commercial airlines, interstate trucking, and silicon chip manufacturing. Financial institutions, railroads, and silicon chip manufacturing.

Commercial airlines, railroads, and financial institutions.

Businesses can reduce income inequality by which action?

Commit to paying a living wage to all employees.

Past decisions of the courts, the original basis for the U.S. legal system, are called:

Common laws

Past decisions of the courts, the original basis for the U.S. legal system, are called: Torts. Amendments. Legitimate actions. Common laws.

Common laws.

A shared resource, such as land, air, or water, that a group of people uses collectively is a(n): Multiple Choice Economic village. Collective resource. Global unification. Commons.

Commons

A shared resource, such as land, air, or water, that a group of people uses collectively is a(n): Economic village. Collective resource. Global unification. Commons.

Commons.

The EU's 2018 General Data Protection Regulation applies to:

Companies anywhere who provide services to European customers.

Which groups often collaborate when developing industry-wide codes of conduct?

Companies. NGOs Government Officials

The board committee that administers and approves salaries and benefits of high-level managers in a company is called:

Compensation.

The Audit Committee is required by U.S. law to be:

Composed entirely of outside directors and Financially literate A and B, but not C

This program intends to bring lower-income Americans online by making broadband Internet access affordable for households with at least one child and an annual income below $29,000.

Connect to Compete.

Which political action strategy seeks to gain support from other affected organizations to better influence policymakers? Information strategy. Constituency-building strategy. Financial-incentive strategy. Lobbying strategy.

Constituency-building strategy.

A global organization headquartered in London that represents over 200 consumer groups in more than 100 nations is called:

Consumers International.

Reasons for the destruction of rain forests include: Multiple Choice Commercial logging. Cattle ranching. Conversion of forests to plantations. All of these answers are correct.

Conversion of forests to plantations.

One major advantage of conducting business online is: Multiple Choice Enhanced local presence. Cost-effective marketing and promotions No need for professional customer service. Web security is less costly than physical security.

Cost-effective marketing and promotions

Environmental regulations stimulate some sectors of the economy by:

Creating jobs in industries like environmental consulting, asbestos abatement, and instrument manufacturing. Saving jobs in industries like fishing and tourism when natural areas are protected or restored. Compelling businesses to become more efficient by conserving energy.

Economic regulations:

Cut across industry lines

A group of people who leap to the most dreadful conclusions while researching health matters online are called:

Cyberchondriacs.

Downloading illegal files, spreading computer viruses, and stealing from online bank accounts is collectively referred to as: Multiple Choice Hacking. Software piracy. Cybercrime. Internet censorship.

Cybercrime.

Cybersecurity experts recommend including which essential elements for an incident-response plan for cyberattacks? A. Focus on how to respond to a breach. B. Involvement by all functional departments. C. Support from executive leadership. D. All of the above.

The place where information is stored, ideas are described, and communication takes place in and through an electronic network of linked systems is called:

Cyberspace

50) Which of the following is NOT affected by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act? A) companies registered in the United States B) foreign firms operating in U.S. territory C) foreign firms quoted on a U.S. stock exchange D) foreign companies managed by U.S. expatriates

53) Which of the following is permitted by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act? A) a bribe paid by foreign firms operating in U.S. territories B) a bribe paid by a U.S. firm operating in a foreign country that permits bribes to be paid C) a payment to a foreign government official to influence a customs official D) a payment to a customs official to clear legitimate merchandise

55) In which of the following countries would there be the highest likelihood of encountering a bribery situation? A) Germany B) United States C) South Korea D) Russia

56) Which of the following is NOT one of the issues surrounding high levels of bribery and corruption? A) high poverty rates B) regional conflict C) political unrest D) high per capita income

6) Which of the following statements is most likely true regarding relationships between MNEs and stakeholders? A) An MNE typically serves all stakeholder groups equally at any given time. B) No individual stakeholder group is powerful enough to cause the demise of an MNE. C) All stakeholders of an MNE have the same short-term and long-term goals and interests. D) The inability to adequately meet the long-term needs of all stakeholders increases the probability of an MNE failing.

70) The issues that are the foundation of the Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI) include all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) employment is freely chosen B) working conditions are safe and hygienic C) child labor shall not be used D) workers receive hourly wages that are consistent around the world

71) Which of the labor issues identified by the Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI) receives the most attention? A) safe and hygienic working conditions B) reasonable living wages C) inhumane treatment D) child labor

81) Which of the following is NOT a likely reason for companies to act more ethically? A) Consumer boycotts may result from unethical corporate behavior. B) Irresponsible and unethical actions may lead to legal problems for MNEs. C) Unethical or irresponsible behavior can negatively impact employee morale. D) The company would like to raise its ranking on the Transparency International scale.

An argument that opposes the idea of high executive pay is: Selected Answer: a) High salaries provide an incentive for innovation and risk-taking. b) Not many individuals are capable of running today's large, complex organizations. c) Top athletes and entertainers make a lot of money, so top executives should, too. d) High salaries divert resources that could be used to invest in the business.

Government regulations help balance negative externalities such as: A) Drug testing at private businesses B) Age restrictions for social security recipients C) Gender controls over alcohol purchases and consumption D) No smoking rules enforced to mitigate the effects of second-hand smoke

Over time the role of the CIO: A) Has remained about the same. B) Has decreased in level of responsibility. C) Has changed dramatically, superseding the role of the chief executive officer. D) Has become more integrated into the overall strategic direction of the firm.

The directors of a company are a central factor in corporate governance because they: a) Have the highest stake in the performance of the company. b) Inherited the business from their predecessors. c) Have a moral responsibility to serve both the company's employees and customers d) Exercise formal legal authority over company policy.

The role of the CIO includes all of these tasks except: A) Acting as lead security officer. B) Educating the organization about technology initiatives. C) Marketing technology projects to stakeholders. D) Monitoring the appropriate level of employee productivity.

The use of robotics in the workplace has increased recently because: A) The cost of robots has decreased. B) Robots are more reliable than people. C) New collaborative machines have been invented. D) All of these answers are correct.

This annual international gathering on January 28 brought together leaders from the U.S. and dozens of European countries to address the global nature of cyberattacks: A) Cyberattack Awareness Day. B) Anti-cyber International. C) International Defense Against Web Attacks (IDAWA). D) Data Privacy Day.

Which of the following statements is most likely true about the postconventional level of moral development? A) Individuals learn what is moral but not why such behavior is moral. B) Individuals behave morally because they fear negative repercussions. C) Individuals learn how to conform to society's values through observation. D) Individuals behave morally because they believe such actions are right.

23. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (amended in 1984) does not require: A) Toxic waste generators to have a permit. B) Transports to maintain careful records. C) Treatment of hazardous waste before disposal in landfills. D) All hazardous waste to be incinerated.

D) All hazardous waste to be incinerated.

17. In the United States, the federal government regulates which of the following major areas of environmental protection? A) Air pollution. B) Water pollution. C) Land pollution. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

31. Environmental regulations stimulate some sectors of the economy by: A) Creating jobs in industries like environmental consulting, asbestos abatement, and instrument manufacturing. B) Saving jobs in industries like fishing and tourism when natural areas are protected or restored. C) Compelling businesses to become more efficient by conserving energy, and less money is spent on treating health problems caused by pollution. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

36. Companies in the United Kingdom and Japan are motivated to "go green" due to: A) The chance to gain competitive advantage. B) A desire to gain approval from the public sector or regulators. C) A moral commitment to ecological responsibility. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

25. Which of the following statements is (are) true about the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA)? A) It established a fund supported primarily by a tax on the petroleum and chemical companies. B) It is regarded as one of the most successful environmental laws. C) The funds collected are used to clean up sites where the original polluter cannot be identified. D) Both A and C, but not B.

D) Both A and C, but not B.

Proponents of business as a political participant argue A) A pluralistic system invites many participants B) it is business's constitutional right to be involved C) Business is a vital stakeholder of government D) Both of these answers are correct: A pluralistic system invites many participants; and business is a vital stakeholder of government

D) Both of these answers are correct

27. The environmental standards of pollution control is also called ? A) Cap and trade. B) Emissions fee. C) Disclosure. D) Command and Control regulations.

D) Command and Control regulations.

42. Greenwashing is: A) Technology which allows water to be recycled after a product is cleaned. B) Misleading customers about the environmental benefits of a product. C) The final stage of corporate social responsibility. D) Ecological groups threatening to embarrass companies which they deem to be ecologically irresponsible.

D) Ecological groups threatening to embarrass companies which they deem to be ecologically irresponsible.

Cooperation between business and government often occurs when A) Business can afford it B) Government has the support of the people C) Business operates at arm's length from the government D) They encounter a common problem or enemy

D) They encounter a common problem or enemy

Restrictive governments often reduce or eliminate citizen access to the Internet and social media sites in order to? A. Suppress political dissent. B. Impose religious or ideological views. C. Increase bandwidth for government usage. D. A and B, but not C.

D. A and B, but not C.

The audit committee is required by U.S. law to be: A. Composed entirely of outside directors. B. Financially literate. C. Headed by the company's CEO. D. A and B, but not C.

D. A and B, but not C.

What are the benefits of sequencing the human genome? A. Provides early diagnosis of diseases. B. Allows the development of generic drug-therapies. C. Spurs new ways to prevent illnesses. D. A and C only, not B.

D. A and C only, not B.

30. Hiring former government officials for positions in the corporate world is: A. Normally legal. B. Always unethical. C. Considered unethical by over 50% of Americans. D. A and C, but not B.

D. A and C, but not B.

Hiring former government officials for positions in the corporate world is: A. Normally legal. B. Always unethical. C. Considered unethical by over 50% of Americans. D. A and C, but not B.

D. A and C, but not B.

17. Which of these specializations was/were spurred by the rapid changes in technology over the past few decades?Which of these specializations was/were spurred by the rapid changes in technology over the past few decades? A. Smart manufacturing. B. Wireless networks. C. Processing of enormous amounts of data. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

38. Cybersecurity experts recommend including which essential elements for an incident-response plan for cyberattacks? A. Support from executive leadership. B. Involvement by all functional departments. C. Focus on how to respond to a breach. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

A member of the Chartered Financial Analyst Institute (CFA) must: A. Promote the integrity of and uphold the rules governing global capital markets. B. Act with integrity, competence, diligence, respect, and in an ethical manner with the public. C. Maintain and improve their professional competence. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to: A. Visit local plant facilities. B. Attend company award ceremonies. C. Give speeches to employees. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to: A. Visit local plant facilities. B. Attend company award ceremonies. C. Give speeches to employees. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Public policies and government regulations are shaped by: A. Business. B. Special interest groups. C. Government. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Public policies and government regulations are shaped by: A. Business. B. Special interest groups. C. Government. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Social investors seek to eliminate from their investment portfolios companies that: A. Pollute the environment. B. Discriminate against employees. C. Make dangerous products like tobacco or weapons. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Some argue that publishing personal DNA sequencing results is unethical because: A. The results could compromise one's employment situation. B. Life insurance could be denied. C. The cost of health insurance could rise. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

The core components upon which a company's ethical performance depends include: A. The values and virtues of the managers. B. The personal character of the managers and employees. C. The traditions, attitudes, and business practices built into a company's culture. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

The typical public affairs executive spends most of the day: A. Coalition building. B. Direct lobbying. C. Fund raising. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

The typical public affairs executive spends most of the day: A. Coalition building. B. Direct lobbying. C. Fund raising. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

The use of robotics in the workplace has increased recently because: A. The cost of robots has decreased. B. Robots are more reliable than people. C. New collaborative machines have been invented. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Which of the following is (are) true about emission fees? A. Each business is charged for the undesirable pollution that it emits. B. Companies emitting more pollutants end up paying more pollution taxes. C. Revenues from emission fees can be used to support environmental efforts. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Which of the following statements accurately describe the role of chief sustainability officer? A. Typically reports to the CEO. B. Supervises staff across functional areas. C. Requires strong interpersonal skills. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Which of these cost-savings measures saved U.S. regulatory agencies nearly $2 billion since 2011? A. Promotion of telemedicine in rural areas. B. Coordination of hazards warning with other nations. C. Removal of redundant reporting requirements. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

By law, the financial records of publicly held companies are required to be: A. Managed by an accounting department of at least five CPAs. B. Summarized in the employee manual for new hires. C. Reviewed quarterly by the IRS. D. Audited by a certified professional accounting firm.

D. Audited by a certified professional accounting firm.

25. A technological application that uses biological systems or living organisms to make or modify products or processes for specific use is called: A. Biosphere outcome. B. Metatechnology. C. Biology. D. Biotechnology.

D. Biotechnology.

19. In the nomadic-agrarian phase of technology in society, people: A. Hunted wild animals for meat. B. Gathered wild plants for food. C. Provided services. D. Both A and B, but not C.

D. Both A and B, but not C.

45. Which of these steps has the U.S. recently taken to counter cybercrime? A. Setup a system of voluntary cybersecurity standards. B. Opened a new center dedicated to managing cyber activities. C. Passed sweeping new legislation that required Internet providers to guarantee security. D. Both A and B, but not C.

D. Both A and B, but not C.

By raising and lowering the interest rates at which private banks borrow money from the government, the Federal Reserve Bank: A. Influences the size of the nation's money supply. B. Influences the value of the dollar. C. Minimizes investor confidence about the nation's future. D. Both A and B, but not C.

D. Both A and B, but not C.

Supporters of advocacy advertisements believe that they: A. Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder. B. Can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue. C. Increase union activity and long-term expenses for an organization. D. Both A and B, but not C.

D. Both A and B, but not C.

18. Proponents of business as a political participant argue: A. A pluralistic system invites many participants. B. It is business's constitutional right to be involved. C. Business is a vital stakeholder of government. D. Both A and C, but not B.

D. Both A and C, but not B.

29. MIT researchers determined that 90 percent of shopper's credit-card transactions could be used to: A. Uniquely identify an individual's shopping habits and preferences. B. Collect individual social security numbers. C. Identify an individual shopper using only four bits of secondary information. D. Both A and C, but not B.

D. Both A and C, but not B.

Ethical challenges for information technology employees include: A. Data privacy. B. Laptop speed. C. Copyright protection. D. Both A and C, but not B.

D. Both A and C, but not B.

Proponents of business as a political participant argue: A. A pluralistic system invites many participants. B. It is business's constitutional right to be involved. C. Business is a vital stakeholder of government. D. Both A and C, but not B.

D. Both A and C, but not B.

Stakeholder groups typically use far different tactics than businesses to influence government officials, elections, and regulation. T or F

Which of the following statements is (are) true about the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA)? A. It established a fund supported primarily by a tax on the petroleum and chemical companies. B. It is regarded as one of the most successful environmental laws. C. The funds collected are used to clean up sites where the original polluter cannot be identified. D. Both A and C, but not B.

D. Both A and C, but not B.

Investors may receive an economic benefit from the ownership of stock by receiving: A. Interest. B. Dividends. C. Capital gains. D. Both B and C, but not A.

D. Both B and C, but not A.

Since 2000, most changes to federal regulatory oversight of environmental protection have been due to: A. Supreme Court rulings. B. Agency rulemaking. C. Executive action. D. Both B and C, but not A.

D. Both B and C, but not A.

What method(s) did the businesses opposed to Arkansas' "religious freedom" laws use to influence lawmakers? A. Filed a lawsuit. B. Made public announcements. C. Hired private lobbyists. D. Both B and C, but not A.

D. Both B and C, but not A.

Which of these statements is (are) true about the group known as Anonymous? A. They are a tightly bonded group of hacktivists. B. They are distinguished by masks with an over-sized smile and red cheeks. C. They supported WikiLeaks and the Occupy movement. D. Both B and C, but not A.

D. Both B and C, but not A.

Which of the following is not a potential source of personal private data? A. Smartphones. B. Internet connections. C. Automobiles. D. Broadcast radio.

D. Broadcast radio.

Which country recently required all video-streaming sites to be approved by the government or risk having their content banned? A. Iran. B. Pakistan. C. North Korea. D. China.

D. China.

Past decisions of the courts, the original basis for the U.S. legal system, are called: A. Torts. B. Amendments. C. Legitimate actions. D. Common laws.

D. Common laws.

The board committee that administers and approves salaries and benefits of high-level managers in a company is called the: A. Executive committee. B. Human resources committee. C. Nominating committee. D. Compensation committee.

D. Compensation committee.

Companies that reduce pollution and hazardous waste, reuse or recycle materials, and operate with greater energy efficiency achieve a competitive advantage due to: A. Technological innovation. B. Product differentiation. C. Green marketing. D. Cost savings.

D. Cost savings.

Economic regulations: A. Can only exist for 37 years unless renewed. B. Apply only to older industries. C. Always conflict with social regulation. D. Cut across industry lines.

D. Cut across industry lines.

This international gathering brought together leaders from the United States and dozens of European countries to address the global nature of cyberattacks: A. Cyberattack Awareness Day. B. Anti-cyber International. C. International Defense Against Web Attacks (IDAWA). D. Data Privacy Day.

D. Data Privacy Day.

Which of these statements accurately describes a Super PAC? A. Allows limited contributions from unions. B. Allows limited contributions from individuals. C. Is also called the dependent expenditure-only committee. D. Does not allow direct contributions to candidates or political parties.

D. Does not allow direct contributions to candidates or political parties.

Lobbyists, under U.S. law, must disclose their: A. Political affiliation and expenses. B. Earnings. C. Expenses. D. Earnings and expenses.

D. Earnings and expenses.

Lobbyists, under U.S. law, must disclose their: A. Political affiliation and expenses. B. Earnings. C. Expenses. D. Earnings and expenses.

D. Earnings and expenses.

Ethisphere Magazine recognizes and rewards ethical leadership and business practices worldwide according to their: A. Regulatory Percentage Track (RPT). B. Ethics and Leadership Radar (ELR). C. Quality Measurement (QM). D. Ethical Quotient (EQ)

D. Ethical Quotient (EQ).

In a survey of 110 companies in 2014, the most frequent public affairs tactic was related to: A. Grassroots issues. B. Political action committees. C. Issues management. D. Federal government regulations.

D. Federal government regulations.

34. Hackers who intend to profit from their actions are motived by: A. The need for media attention. B. A desire to retaliate against the government. C. The thrill of it. D. Financial incentives.

D. Financial incentives.

41. Over time the role of the CIO: A. Has remained the same. B. Has decreased in level of responsibility. C. Has changed dramatically, superseding the role of the chief executive officer. D. Has changed dramatically, becoming more integrated into the overall strategic direction of the firm.

D. Has changed dramatically, becoming more integrated into the overall strategic direction of the firm.

Which of the following arguments opposes the idea of high executive pay? A. High salaries provide an incentive for innovation and risk taking. B. Not many individuals are capable of running today's large, complex organizations. C. Top athletes and entertainers make a lot of money, so top executives should, too. D. High salaries divert resources that could be used to invest in the business.

D. High salaries divert resources that could be used to invest in the business.

Which of the following is not a role of the CIO? A. Acting as lead security officer. B. Educating the organization about technology initiatives. C. Marketing technology projects to stakeholders. D. Monitoring the appropriate level of employee headcount.

D. Monitoring the appropriate level of employee headcount.

17. How has the increase in information technology affected criminal activities globally? A. Crime has remained about the same. B. Crime has decreased due to better monitoring efforts. C. The need for government cooperation has been reduced. D. New mechanisms for stealing data, trafficking contraband and laundering money have emerged.

D. New mechanisms for stealing data, trafficking contraband and laundering money have emerged.

In 2015, 2 billion people worldwide used social networking sites: A. Once per hour. B. Once per day. C. Once per week. D. Once per month.

D. Once per month.

22. Which of these actions have Western nations taken to fight cybercrime? A. Protected only the individual's intellectual property. B. Guaranteed only personal information privacy. C. Accessed public information strictly for the private good. D. Some nations protected personal privacy and others accessed private information for the public good.

D. Some nations protected personal privacy and others accessed private information for the public good.

43. Which U.S. Act prohibits executives representing U.S.-based companies from paying bribes to foreign government officials, political parties, or political candidates? A. The USA Patriot Act. B. The U.K. Bribery Act. C. The Corruption of Foreign Officials Act. D. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.

D. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.

Which of the following is not a function of board committees? A. The executive committee works closely with top managers on business matters. B. The audit committee reviews the company's financial reports. C. The compensation committee administers and approves salaries and benefits. D. The finance committee works closely with the human resources department to fund employee salaries.

D. The finance committee works closely with the human resources department to fund employee salaries.

Which of the following is not a legal right of shareholders? A. To vote on members for the board of directors. B. To vote on major mergers and acquisitions. C. To vote on changes in the corporate charter and proposals. D. To vote on who will become chief executive officer (CEO).

D. To vote on who will become chief executive officer (CEO).

Dark money refers to: A. Anonymous contributions to for-profit organizations. B. Money collected illegally by PACs. C. Soft money. D. Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.

D. Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.

Dark money refers to: A. Anonymous contributions to for-profit organizations. B. Money collected illegally by PACs. C. Soft money. D. Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.

D. Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.

In some economically developed countries and most developing countries around the world genetically modified food was: A. Looked upon with caution but generally accepted. B. Welcomed as a way to increase crop yields. C. Rejected by most governments. D. Viewed with extreme caution.

D. Viewed with extreme caution.

With respect to fresh water, according to one estimate, if it were possible to eliminate pollution, capture all available fresh water, and distribute fresh water equitably: Demand would exceed supply within a hundred years. There would be a balance between demand and supply within a hundred years. Supply would exceed demand within a hundred years. None of these answers is correct.

Demand would exceed supply within a hundred years.

With respect to fresh water, according to one estimate, if it were possible to eliminate pollution, capture all available fresh water, and distribute fresh water equitably: Multiple Choice Demand would exceed supply within a hundred years. There would be a balance between demand and supply within a hundred years. Supply would exceed demand within a hundred years. None of these answers is correct.

Demand would exceed supply within a hundred years.

A corporate political strategy does not: Hinder a competitor's ability to compete economically. Seek to continue the firm's economic survival or growth. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing. Exercise a firm's right to a voice in government affairs.

Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing.

A corporate political strategy does not: Multiple Choice Hinder a competitor's ability to compete economically. Seek to continue the firm's economic survival or growth. Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing. Exercise a firm's right to a voice in government affairs.

Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing.

The commitments of the Convention on Biological Diversity include: Developing national conservation strategies. Eliminating CFC production. Population control education. Massive irrigation projects in developing countries.

Developing national conservation strategies.

This Act makes it a crime to circumvent antipiracy measures built into most commercial software agreements between the manufacturers and their users: Multiple Choice Software Business Piracy Act. Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Intellectual Property Millennium Act. Copyright Act of 1998.

Digital Millennium Copyright Act.

Variation in the important human characteristics that distinguish people from one another is called:

Diversity.

Emission fees are accurately characterized by which statement(s)?

Each business is charged for the undesirable pollution that it emits. Companies emitting more pollutants end up paying more pollution taxes. Revenues from emission fees can be used to support environmental efforts.

Lobbyists, under U.S. law, must disclose their:

Earnings and expenses.

Lobbyists, under U.S. law, must disclose their: Political affiliation and expenses. Earnings only. Expenses only. Earnings and expenses.

Earnings and expenses.

The amount of land and water a human population needs to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes given prevailing technology is called: Multiple Choice Ecological footprint. Technological innovation. Sustainable development. Consumption footprint.

Ecological footprint.

Which of the following are examples of natural monopolies? Electric utilities and railroads. Cable television and the media. Internet services and trucking. None of these answers are correct.

Electric utilities and railroads.

hich type of business community consists of people who work near the company?

Employee community.

Social impacts of global supply chains include:

Employee health. Working conditions. Wages.

How can a lead firm improve a supplier's performance when the cost to replace the supplier is high?

Engage the supplier in capability-building.

When businesses form voluntary, collaborative partnerships with environmental organizations and regulators to achieve specific objectives this is called: Multiple Choice Inter-organizational alliances. Environmental partnerships. Cross-functional teams. Command and control.

Environmental partnerships.

The idea that companies have a continuing responsibility for the environmental impact of their products or services, even after they are sold, is called: Life-cycle analysis. Product life responsibility. Extended product responsibility. Cradle to grave.

Extended product responsibility.

The idea that companies have a continuing responsibility for the environmental impact of their products or services, even after they are sold, is called: Multiple Choice Life-cycle analysis. Product life responsibility. Extended product responsibility. Cradle to grave.

Extended product responsibility.

The right to a safe and healthy workplace is accurately described by which statement?

Extensive training and careful precautions are necessary to avoid accidents, injuries, and illness.

According to the discussion case, Hydraulic Fracturing—Can the Environmental Impacts Be Reduced?, the primary purpose of fracking is to:

Extract crude oil and gas.

According to the discussion case, Hydraulic Fracturing—Can the Environmental Impacts Be Reduced?, the primary purpose of fracking is to: Multiple Choice Extract crude oil and gas. Mine shale. Recover lost hydrocarbons. Collect water through backflow treatment.

Extract crude oil and gas.

A firm that provides technical details to policymakers to influence a political outcome is using the financial-incentives strategy. T or F

According to the textbook, global population is tripling every 50 years. T or F

All international standards and codes of environmental conduct are 100 percent enforceable. T or F

88) An internal code of conduct is a set of guidelines, recommendations, and rules issued by entities within society but outside the firm with the intent of affecting the behavior of international business entities in order to enhance corporate responsibility.

FALSE

Institutional investors have little incentive to hold their shares and organize to change management policy.

FALSE

Investors always choose to invest in the stock of companies that pay high dividends

FALSE

It is illegal in the United States to offer stock trade tips to clients based on public information.

FALSE

Shareholders must rely exclusively on the board of directors to protect their interests.

FALSE

The activism of institutional shareholders has often worsened company performance.

FALSE

The ratio of average executive to average worker pay tends to increase during recessions and fall during periods of economic expansion.

FALSE

48) The argument that "anything legal is ethical" is insufficient as a basis for ethical behavior because the law usually does not apply to everyone and does not have enforceable rules

FALSE1

Which of the following is not a goal of consumer protection laws?

Facilitate consumers' getting extended credit when making purchases.

An example of a regulatory agency charged with enforcing social regulation is: Federal Aviation Administration. Federal Trade Commission. Federal Communications Commission. Internal Revenue Service.

Federal Trade Commission.

This U.S. agency enforces the laws prohibiting deceptive advertising:

Federal Trade Commission.

What term refers to patterns of government collecting and spending funds that are intended to stimulate or support the economy?

Fiscal policy

The EU law passed in 2018 that required companies to promptly report personal data breaches was called: Multiple Choice Digital Millennial Copyright Act. Right to be Forgotten. General Data Protection Regulation. Global Policy Forum.

General Data Protection Regulation.

Scenario-based press releases, key discussion points, and procedures to activate the organization's website are all part of which step in an effective crisis management plan?

Get ready before the crisis hits.

Participants in the Montreal Protocol agreed that by 2030 they would phase out: Black carbon. CFCs. HCFCs. Carbon dioxide.

HCFCs.

Participants in the Montreal Protocol agreed that by 2030 they would phase out: Multiple Choice Black carbon. CFCs. HCFCs. Carbon dioxide.

HCFCs.

Over time the role of the CIO: Multiple Choice Has remained about the same. Has decreased in level of responsibility. Has changed dramatically, superseding the role of the chief executive officer. Has become more integrated into the overall strategic direction of the firm.

Has become more integrated into the overall strategic direction of the firm.

Warning consumers about the possible side effects of pharmaceutical drugs is an example of consumer protection against:

Hazardous products.

The company justified Wynn's high compensation package, in the discussion case Executive Misconduct at Wynn Resorts, by saying that:

He had led the company to total returns of 19 percent per year between 2002 and 2017.

Which of the following arguments opposes the idea of high executive pay?

High salaries divert resources that could be used to invest in the business

An argument that opposes the idea of high executive pay is:

High salaries divert resources that could be used to invest in the business.

An argument in support of high executive compensation is:

High salaries provide an incentive for innovation and risk-taking.

Which of the following is a key feature of effective boards of directors?

Hold regular meetings without the CEO present.

Which of the following is a key feature of it effective boards of directors?

Hold regular meetings without the CEO present.

What media technique is used to promote the general perception of a product or service, rather than promoting its functional attributes?

Image advertisements.

The way organizational members believe others see the organization is called the corporate:

Image.

The Toxic Substances Control Act is accurately described by which of the following? Multiple Choice It required reductions in urban smog, acid rain, and greenhouse gas emissions. It established a national policy to regulate, restrict, and, if necessary, ban toxic chemicals. It promoted nontoxic chemicals and fuels for business use. It authorized funds for treatment plans and toxic waste cleanup.

It established a national policy to regulate, restrict, and, if necessary, ban toxic chemicals.

The purpose of the right to be forgotten is to: Multiple Choice Increase protection of privacy and personal information. Protect property rights. Protect intellectual property. Prevent software privacy.

Increase protection of privacy and personal information.

The digital divide describes the gap between those:

Individuals who have technology and those who do not.

The phase of technology that focuses on building material goods and manual labor is:

Industrial.

When businesses adopt voluntary policies for protecting the privacy of individuals' information disclosed during electronic transactions, this is an example of:

Industry self-regulation.

Which of the following is not an argument for height executive compensation?

Inflated executive pay helps U.S. firms compete with foreign rivals

The annual EPA report Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) is an example of which environmental policy type? Multiple Choice Cap-and-trade system. Government incentives. Criminal enforcement. Information disclosure.

Information disclosure.

Which of these is not a current consumer law that protects individual privacy?

Internet "do not track" rules.

Arable land is accurately described by which statement? It is a renewable resource. Over 50 percent of the irrigated lands in developing countries have been desalinized. Poor farming practices have caused arable lands to turn into swamps. Soil erosion helps to distribute dirt across arable lands.

It is a renewable resource.

Arable land is accurately described by which statement? Multiple Choice It is a renewable resource. Over 50 percent of the irrigated lands in developing countries have been desalinized. Poor farming practices have caused arable lands to turn into swamps. Soil erosion helps to distribute dirt across arable lands.

It is a renewable resource.

The information strategy tool most used by business is:

Lobbying.

Ecologically sustainable organizations are accurately explained by which of these descriptions? Multiple Choice Making and transporting products using minimal energy. Using more natural resources than they replenish. Designing products with limited durability. Both of these answers are correct: Making and transporting products using minimal energy; and using more natural resources than they replenish.

Making and transporting products using minimal energy.

The "agency problem" arises when:

Managers act in their own interests, rather than in the interest of shareholders.

A good public relations program:

Manages the firm's public image and its relationship with the public.

Which of the following is not a reason for businesses to establish community relations departments?

Managing international relations projects for economic development.

Organizations with strong positive reputations are generally more successful because they:

Often get the benefit of the doubt in uncertain circumstances.

Lobbying

Many companies hire full-time representatives in Washington, DC, state capitals, or local cities (or the national capital in other countries where they operate) to keep abreast of developments that may affect the company and, when necessary, to communicate with government officials. Their job is to represent the business before the people and agencies involved in determining legislative and regulatory outcomes. Lobbying involves direct contact with a government official to influence the thinking or actions of that person on an issue or public policy. Lobbyists communicate with and try to persuade others to support an to support an organization's interest or stake as they consider a particular law, policy, or regulation. The amount spent on lobbying, however, has continued to rise to over $3 billion each year. The organizations spending the most on lobbying since 2000 were the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the American Medical Association, General Electric, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, the American Hospital Association, and the AARP (formerly the American Association of Retired People). Under U.S. law and EU directive (and in other nations as well), lobbying activities are severely limited and must be disclosed publicly. Lobbying firms and organizations employing in-house lobbyists must register with the government. They must also file regular reports on their earnings (lobbyists) or expenses (organizations), and indicate the issues and legislation that were the focus of their efforts. Lobbyists have also historically provided politicians with various perks and gifts, creating the potential for inappropriately influencing policy. Businesses sometimes hire former government officials as lobbyists and political advisors. These individuals bring with them their personal connections and detailed knowledge of the public policy process. This circulation of individuals between business and government is often referred to as the revolving door. While it is perfectly legal for government officials to seek employment in industry, and vice versa, the revolving door carries potential for abuse.

In the case Political Action by the U.S. Steel Industry, 2015-2018, what is one reason that foreign-made steel prices were so much lower than U.S. steel? Foreign steel-makers hired only union labor. American steel manufacturers were overcharging their customers. Many foreign governments subsidized their steel industries. U.S. steel prices were actually lower than foreign steel prices.

Many foreign governments subsidized their steel industries.

In the case Political Action by the U.S. Steel Industry, 2015-2018, what is one reason that foreign-made steel prices were so much lower than U.S. steel? Multiple Choice Foreign steel-makers hired only union labor. American steel manufacturers were overcharging their customers. Many foreign governments subsidized their steel industries. U.S. steel prices were actually lower than foreign steel prices.

Many foreign governments subsidized their steel industries.

When the market fails to adjust for the full costs of a firm's behavior, this is called:

Market failure

The process of firms buying and selling the right to pollute is an example of which type of environmental regulation?

Market-based.

The process of firms buying and selling the right to pollute is an example of which type of environmental regulation? Multiple Choice Command. Control. Market-based. Emissions charges.

Market-based.

A firm in the pollution prevention stage of the corporate environmental responsibility model is best described by which statement?

Minimizing or eliminating waste before it is created.

A firm in the pollution prevention stage of the corporate environmental responsibility model is best described by which statement? Multiple Choice Using innovation to create new sustainable technology. Focusing on all environmental impacts of the product life cycle. Minimizing or eliminating waste before it is created. Incurring losses due to environmental costs.

Minimizing or eliminating waste before it is created.

M-Commerce is facilitated primarily by:

Mobile or cell phones.

M-Commerce is facilitated primarily by: Multiple Choice Laptops. Personal computers. Mobile or cell phones. The government.

Mobile or cell phones.

Policies that affect the supply, demand, and value of a nation's currency are:

Monetary policies

Policies that affect the supply, demand, and value of a nation's currency are: International standards policies. Social assistance policies. Fiscal policies. Monetary policies.

Monetary policies.

As communications improve and people around the world are able to witness the horrors of natural disasters, terrorism, and war, international relief efforts by corporations are becoming:

More important.

Codes of conduct are accurately described by which statement?

Most early codes of conduct were developed by individual companies.

Under U.S. laws, who has the right to hold an election to choose what union they want to represent them, if any:

Most private and public workers.

In the U.S., the right to free speech:

Must be weighted against the consequences for the community

Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) are correctly described by which of these statements?

Nearly three-quarters of small companies with 50 to 99 employees offer EAPs. Almost all employers with 1,000 or more workers offer EAPs. They offer counseling and follow-up to alcohol and drug abusers.

___________ ____________ , or spillover effect, result when the manufacturer or distribution of a product gives rise to unplanned or unintended costs borne by consumers, competitors, neighboring communities, or other business stakeholders.

Negative external tease

Government regulations help balance negative externalities such as: No smoking rules enforced to mitigate the effects of second-hand smoke. Gender controls over alcohol purchases and consumption. Drug testing at private businesses. Age restrictions for Social Security recipients.

No smoking rules enforced to mitigate the effects of second-hand smoke.

Which of these activities is not considered to be a marine ecosystem threat? Overfishing. Ocean pollution. Coastal development. Ocean alkalinity.

Ocean alkalinity.

All of the below are options for companies when government censorship occurs except:

Offer monetary compensation to government officials to allow certain web content.

What is one drawback of conducting supplier audits?

On-site inspections are expensive.

In 2011, 1.2 billion people worldwide used social networking sites:

Once per month.

Corporations contribute about what share of all giving in the United States?

Only about five percent.

Which of the following statements is not true about the population? Over the next century, population growth is expected to be greatest in developed nations. For many thousands of years, population growth was gradual. Industrial production would have to quintuple over the next 40 years in order to maintain the same living standard that people have now, given expected population growth. Just 10,000 years ago, the Earth was home to no more than 10 million humans, scattered in small settlements.

Over the next century, population growth is expected to be greatest in developed nations.

A thin layer of gas that protects the Earth from excessive ultraviolet radiation from the sun is: Multiple Choice Ozone. Carbon dioxide. Methane. Oxygen.

Ozone

A thin layer of gas that protects the Earth from excessive ultraviolet radiation from the sun is: Ozone. Carbon dioxide. Methane. Oxygen.

Ozone.

The main reason that American executives are paid so much is:

Pay is set by the Compensation Committee of the board, largely comprised of other CEOs who have an interest in pushing compensation up

One of the main reasons that American executives are paid so much is:

Pay is set by the compensation committees of the board, largely comprised of other CEOs who have an interest in pushing compensation up.

20) What types of payments are legal and illegal under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of the United States? Provide an example.

Payments to officials to expedite otherwise legitimate transactions (officially called "facilitation payments" but sometimes referred to as "speed money" or "grease money") are legal, but payments to other officials who are not directly responsible for carrying out the transaction are not. Facilitation payments take many forms. For example, payment to a customs official to clear legitimate merchandise is legal, whereas a payment to a government minister to influence the customs official is illegal. The FCPA allows the former payment because governmental officials in many countries delay compliance of laws indefinitely until they do receive payments, even though such payments may be illegal in those countries.

What was the primary motivator for corporate giving, according to the National Bureau of Economic Research?

Philanthropical.

The practive of using face business emails in toner to trick users into divulging personal data, such as usernames and passwords, is called:

Phishing

In 2017 mobile payment usage was largest for which type of purchase? Multiple Choice Food and drinks. Mobile applications. Physical goods. Services.

Physical goods.

The mission of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is to:

Protect shareholders rights by making sure that stock markets are run fairly.

The mission of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is to:

Protect shareholders' rights by making sure that stock markets are run fairly.

Richard M. Locke argues that global supply chains are best managed through a combination of public and private governance because:

Public and private organizations are able to share the enforcement workload. Regulators benefit from record-keeping required by private companies' codes of conduct. Government-enforced laws give legitimacy to demands for workplace changes.

Purposefully planned messages sent to selected media promoting the company without payment to the media is called:

Publicity.

Under U.S. law, lobbying activities must be disclosed publicly. T or F

Which of these factors has accelerated the current ecological crisis? Population reduction. Economic stagnation. Rapid industrialization. All of these answers are correct.

Rapid industrialization.

According to the case Clean Cooking, the widespread adoption of clean cookstoves would provide which of the following benefits: Reduced health risks. An increase in arable land. More take-out food options. Less entrepreneurial activity.

Reduced health risks.

The primary way of accomplishing public policy is through: Waiting for businesses to act. Lobbying Congress. Regulation. Writing your politician.

Regulation

Every environmental regulation must be initially evaluated for its costs and benefits in a process called:

Regulatory impact analysis.

What is the difference between relativism and normativism? How do these concepts relate to ethical behavior in international business?

Relativism affirms that ethical truths depend on the groups holding them. This makes intervention by outsiders unethical. The idea of relativism can be expressed by the statement "When in Rome, do as the Romans do." Normativism holds that there are universal standards of behavior (based on people's own values) that all cultures should follow, making nonintervention unethical. Managers thus struggle with implementing a "universal" set of truths versus adapting to local conditions on the assumption that every place is different and should be treated differently. Often, a company faces certain pressures to comply with local norms. These may take the form of laws that permit—or even require—only certain practices that grant competitive advantages to firms accepting local norms while throwing up roadblocks in front of companies that try to impose home-country practices in the local arena. Conversely, firms may face certain pressures not to comply from its home-country government, or even from constituencies that threaten retaliatory action if it submits to objectionable foreign practices.

When Fidelity partnered with the Capital Good Fund to service loans to disadvantaged communities, this was an example of:

Skills-based volunteerism.

What policy does the government programs aimed at improving social welfare and such areas as health care and education?

Social assistance policy

Sometimes cooperates and sometimes is in conflict with business.

15) Which stakeholders must companies satisfy? What role should stakeholders play in a firm's internal code of conduct?

Stakeholders include stockholders, employees, customers, and society at large. In the short term, the aims of these groups conflict. Stockholders want additional sales and increased productivity, which result in higher profits and larger returns going to them. Employees want additional compensation. Customers want lower prices. And society at large would like to see increased corporate taxes or corporate involvement in social functions. In the long term, all of these aims must be achieved adequately, or none will be attained at all because each stakeholder group is powerful enough to cause the company's demise. When developing an internal code of conduct, firms need to communicate company policies to employees, suppliers, and subcontractors to ensure that everyone involved understands what behavior is acceptable. External stakeholders should receive reports of how the code of conduct is functioning.

Communities depend on business for:

The arts. Health care. Schools.

Consumer groups have generally opposed the idea of product liability reform using which argument?

Strict liability should be retained.

How have sustainability demands and the Kyoto Protocol affected international business? Discuss the controversies surrounding each.

Sustainability refers to the concept of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Proponents of the concept argue that sustainability considers what's best for both people and the environment. However, the concept is controversial because sustainability can be interpreted differently by environmentalists and businesspeople. The Kyoto Protocol, which requires the reduction of the emission of green-house gases, has not been adopted by all countries and is therefore still limited in its total global impact. However, companies must adapt to countries that have implemented the Protocol. Countries that have not signed the Kyoto Protocol argue that the mandatory restrictions may reduce economic growth.

According to the textbook, most public affairs departments are managed by someone in a vice president position. T or F

Expert witnesses provide testimony to legislators for businesses or business groups. T or F

Life-cycle analysis involves collecting information on the lifelong environmental impact of a product, all the way from extraction of raw material, to manufacturing, to its distribution, use, and ultimate disposal. T or F

Plants and animals living as a natural unified system are called an ecosystem. T or F

Sometimes businesspeople leave the private sector to take employment in government before returning to the corporate world. T or F

Sustainable development will require technology cooperation through long-term partnerships between companies in developed and developing countries to transfer environmental technologies. T or F

The emergence of public issues often encourages companies to monitor public concerns, respond to government proposals, and participate in the political process. T or F

The leading contributor to global warming is the burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. T or F

Those who oppose business involvement with politics argue that managers do not have enough expertise to participate. T or F

11) General Electric's Ecomagination initiative is responding in part to the fact that it is operating in many countries that require compliance with higher environmental standards than exist in the United States.

TRUE

58) A payment to a customs official to clear legitimate merchandise is permitted by the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.

TRUE

Stock options represent the right to buy a company's stock at a set price for a certain period.

TRUE

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), representing 34 nations, issued a revised set of principles of corporate governance to serve as a benchmark for companies and policymakers worldwide.

TRUE

The two main types of investors that own shares of stock in U.S. corporations are individuals and institutions.

TRUE

This term refers to the practical applications of science and knowledge to commercial and organizational activities.

Technology.

This term refers to the practical applications of science and knowledge to commercial and organizational activities. Multiple Choice Technology. E-commerce. Agrarian. Semantic.

Technology.

Which of these channels represents a traditional media outlet?

Television

The Occupational Safety and Health Act gives workers the right to a job:

That is free from recognized hazards that are likely to cause death or serious injury.

An example of a global regulation that mitigates the impact of jet fuel on the environment is: The Aviation Plan. The Clean Air Act. The Space Force Initiative. The International Space Station.

The Aviation Plan.

Sexual harassment is accurately described by which statement(s)?

The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is empowered to sue on behalf of victims. Sexual harassment is illegal in the United States. Most sexual harassment incidents target women.

The lack of jurisdiction of home country governments over supplier behavior is exemplified by:

The United States Department of Labor having no control over safety in Indonesia.

What ethical and labor-related issues are a major challenge to footwear and clothing MNEs that operate in developing countries? What guidelines are provided by the Ethical Trading Initiative?

The many labor issues that companies must deal with include fair wages, child labor, working conditions, working hours, and freedom of association. These issues are especially critical in retail, clothing, footwear, and agriculture where MNEs outsource production to independent companies abroad, usually in developing countries. The challenge for MNEs is that they work in an environment with different cultural, legal, and political rules than what they are used to in their home countries. The objective of ETI is to get companies to adopt ethical employment policies and then monitor compliance with their overseas suppliers. ETI's trading initiative base code identifies the following issues: a. Employment is freely chosen. b. Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining are respected. c. Working conditions are safe and hygienic. d. Child labor shall not be used. e. Living wages are paid. f. Working hours are not excessive. g. No discrimination is practiced. h. Regular employment is provided. i. No harsh or inhumane treatment is allowed.

What is one reason why woman and minorities fail to move into executive or board positions?

The old boys' network.

The primary reason that governments try to keep pace with technology is to: A. Avoid threats to individuals. B. Manage the cost of technology. C. Ensure that the public is protected. D. Control the speed of innovation.

Which of the following is not true about institutional investors?

The proportion of institutional ownership of stock is the U.S. has declined slowly since the 1960's.

According to an investigation published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, since the digitalization of medical records:

The rate of malpractice claims has decreased dramatically.

Deregulation is what?

The removal or a scaling down of regulatory authority and regulatory activities of government.

Which of the following is (are) core rights of consumers?

The right to safety.

(Political Action Tactics)

The tactics or tools used by business to influence the public policy process are often similar to those available to other political participants. Sometimes business may have an advantage since it might have greater financial resources, but often it is how tactics are used—not the amount of money spent—that determines their effectiveness. This section will discuss tactics used by business in the three strategic areas of information, financial incentives, and constituency building. Promoting an Information Strategy: Lobbying

The use of robotics in the workplace has increased recently because: A. Robots are more reliable than people. B. The cost of robots has decreased. C. New collaborative machines have been invented. D. All of the above.

In 2016, the Global Electoral Organization (GEO) discussed which critical election administration issues? How to disengage electoral stakeholders. The use of technology to increase accountability. How to increase election disputes. How to hide dark money contributions.

The use of technology to increase accountability.

Under U.S. sentencing guidelines, how would firms facing environmental violations typically be treated if they had an active compliance program and fully cooperated with investigators?

Their sentence would likely be lighter.

Which of the following statements is not true about shareholders?

They own equal shares of company assets.

Which of the following statements is not true about stockholders?

They own equal shares of company assets.

According to a 2016 survey of senior supply chain managers, what is the leading reason to invest in supplier social responsibility?

To create a positive image and enhance brand equity.

One argument in favor of net neutrality is: Multiple Choice Businesses that pay more should have faster Internet. Broadband providers should have free reign to block any site they object to. To fairly compete, small, medium, and large firms should have the same Internet bandwidth. Individuals don't need fast Internet, only businesses do.

To fairly compete, small, medium, and large firms should have the same Internet bandwidth.

Why should businesses get involved in the community?

To meet stakeholder demands. To build social capital. To win local support for business activity.

A reason for an increase in employee monitoring does not include:

To reduce the employer's health insurance premiums.

12. Since the passage of the Clean Air Act amendments in 1990, nearly all major air pollutants in the United States has dropped substantially.

True

13. In 2007, Interface became the first ecologically sustainable organization.

True

15. Gold mining is one of the most environmentally destructive industries in the world.

True

2. The first United States federal laws to protect the environment involved protecting navigable waterways.

True

5. The United Sates produces almost five pounds of solid waste per person per day.

True

6. Germany has had success in limiting waste by charging for trash pick up and picking up recyclables for free.

True

8. The Clean Air Act of 1990 incorporated the concept of tradable permits as a key part of its approach to pollution reduction.

True

The role of chief sustainability officer is described by which statement(s)

Typically reports to the CEO. Supervises staff across functional areas Requires strong interpersonal skills.

Dark money refers to: Anonymous contributions to for-profit organizations. Money collected illegally by PACs. Soft money. Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.

Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.

Dark money refers to: Multiple Choice Anonymous contributions to for-profit organizations. Money collected illegally by PACs. Soft money. Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.

Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.

(Stakeholder Groups in Politics)

Various stakeholder groups, representing many varied concerns and populations, have a voice in politics and the public policy process. These groups often use the same tactics as businesses to influence government officials, elections, and regulation. Labor unions have been involved in U.S. politics for decades. The AFL-CIO (a federation of unions) and the Teamsters Union, for example, have formed political action committees to influence electoral races and legislation. The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, as shown later in Figure 9.4, is often one of the top three groups in terms of political contributions. One report that analyzed political contribution data found that 159 House members counted the labor sector as their top campaign supporters, the same number of House members that counted the finance, insurance, and real estate sector as their top backers.

In some cases, businesses have banded together to agree on how they will treat their customers. This is called:

Voluntary industry codes of conduct.

Why does the inclusion of women on corporate boards improve company performance?

Women are more likely to raise multiple stakeholder concerns. Women bring different life experiences to discussions. Alternative courses of action are more realistically considered.

Economists reported that the costs of regulatory compliance were highest for:

Worker safety

19) Explain why the argument that "anything that is legal is ethical" is insufficient.

a. The law is not appropriate for regulating all business activity because not everything that is unethical is illegal. b. The law is slow to develop in emerging areas of concern. Laws take time to be legislated and tested in courts. Further, they cannot anticipate all future ethical dilemmas; basically, they are a reaction to issues that have already surfaced. c. The law often is based on moral concepts that are not precisely defined and that cannot be separated from legal concepts. Moral concepts must be considered along with legal ones. d. The law is often in need of testing by the courts. This is especially true of case law, in which the courts establish precedent. e. The law is not very efficient. Efficiency in this case implies achieving ethical behavior at a very low cost, and it would be impossible to solve every ethical behavioral problem with a law.

In this situation, Davie and his boss Brian begin to discuss the company and current economic climate. When Davie is asked how he is doing, he looks away distracted and shrugs. These actions are known as ______ communication, or messages sent outside of the written or spoken word. a. nonverbal b. interpersonal c. absolute d. neutral e. semantic

a. nonverbal

Invasion of privacy through technology is best exemplified by: a.The neighbor video recording his dog in his own yard. b.Your car's GPS tracking you at every location. c.A friend taking photos of the ocean with her smartphone. d.Your mom's home assistant reminding her to pay the power bill.

Microsoft launched a program in 2017 to bring the Internet to more of rural America using: a.Radio waves. b.Unused broadcast channels. c.Blank spaces. d.Thousands of miles of cable. Feedback

Nondemocratic governments tend to fiercely protect the public's intellectual property rights. a.True b.False

The current phase of technology is the service society. a.True b.False

The information phase of technology primarily requires: a.Sales and services. b.Intellectual and electronic skills. c.Manual and machine skills. d.The same skills as needed in previous phases.

The place where information is stored, ideas are described, and communication takes place in and through an electronic network of linked systems is called: a.The personal computer. b.Cyberspace. c.Cloud computing. d.Communication.

Public backlash in the Treyvon Martin case in which a black teenager was shot to death and his assailant defended his actions by claiming protection under Florida's "stand your ground" law prompted: a.State legislatures to consider changing their regulation on civil rights. b. Businesses to distance themselves from the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC). c. Walmart to stop selling guns and ammunition at its retail stores. d. Businesses like Amazon.com, Coca Cola, Kraft Foods to stand up to civil rights groups.

b. Businesses to distance themselves from the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).

According to the textbook, under the existing U.S. campaign contribution law, individuals: a. Can give more to PACs, and PACs can always give more to individual candidates. b. Can give more to PACs, and PACs can give more to each candidate depending on their number of contributors. c. Cannot give more to PACs, but PACs can give more to individual candidates. d. Cannot give more to PACs, and PACs cannot give more to individual candidates.

b. Can give more to PACs, and PACs can give more to each candidate depending on their number of contributors.

Governments hold the power to: a. Grant permission for only specific business activity. b. Grant or refuse permission for many types of business activity. c. Refuse permission for only government funded activity. d. None of the above.

b. Grant or refuse permission for many types of business activity.

The information strategy tool most used by business is: a. Political contributions. b. Lobbying. c. Legal challenges. d. Direct communication.

b. Lobbying.

According to the textbook, under the existing U.S. campaign contributions law, individuals can contribute: a. Up to $1,400 to any candidate per election. b. Up to $2,500 to any candidate per election. c. Up to $5,400 to any candidate per election. d. Nothing, only organizations can contribute to candidates.

b. Up to $2,500 to any candidate per election.

A person's entitlement to protection from invasion of one's personal life is called the: a.Right of free speech. b.Declaration of independence. c.Right to privacy. d.Principle of freedom. Feedback

In the United States, the right to free speech: a.Is an absolute privilege to all citizens. b.Is a constant threat to every business. c.Must be weighed against the consequences for the community. d.Depends on state law.

The phase of technology that focuses on building material goods and manual labor is: a.Agrarian. b.Service. c.Industrial. d.Information.

When a government orders companies NOT to conduct business in another country because of a war, human rights violations, or lack of a legitimate government; these orders are called: a. Government bailouts. b. Political sanctions. c. Economic sanctions. d. Government stop-orders.

c. Economic sanctions.

Public policy tools involve a combination of: a. Incentives and political favors. b. Penalties and prison terms. c. Incentives and penalties. d. Political favors and prison terms.

c. Incentives and penalties.

The primary way of accomplishing public policy is through: a. Waiting for businesses to act. b. Lobbying Congress. c. Regulation. d. Writing your politician.

c. Regulation.

The self-reinforcing feature of technology means that: a. Civilization develops at an uncontrollable pace. b. Developing economies demand newer and larger innovations. c. Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage is own faster development. d. An invention in one place is localized only.

c. Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage is own faster development.

Brian asks Davie about his employees and ways to help keep them motivated. In the communication process, Brian would be considered the ________. a. decoder b. receiver c. sender d. judger e. competer

c. sender

What are the benefits of sequencing the human genome? a.Provides early diagnosis of diseases. b.Allows the development of generic drug therapies. c.Spurs new ways to prevent illnesses. d.Both of these answers are correct: Allows the development of generic drug therapies; and spurs new ways to prevent illnesses. Feedback

The use of robotics in the workplace has increased recently because: a. The cost of robots has decreased. b. Robots are more reliable than people. c. New collaborative machines have been invented. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

Public policies and government regulations are shaped by: a. Business. b. Special interest groups. c. Government. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above. (Business, special interest groups, gov.)

Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to: a. Visit local plant facilities. b. Attend company award ceremonies. c. Give speeches to employees. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above. (Visit local plant facilities, Attend company award ceremonies, Give speeches to employees.)

By raising and lowering the interest rates at which private banks borrow money from the government, the Federal Reserve Bank: a. Influences the size of the nation's money supply. b. Influences the value of the dollar. c. Minimizes investor confidence about the nation's future. d. Both A and B, but not C.

d. Both A and B, but not C.

In the nomadic-agrarian phase of technology in society, people: a. Hunted wild animals for meat. b. Gathered wild plants for food. c. Provided services. d. Both A and B, but not C.

d. Both A and B, but not C.

Which of the following is not a potential source of personal private data? a. Smartphones. b. Internet connections. c. Automobiles. d. Broadcast radio.

d. Broadcast radio.

Past decisions of the courts, the original basis for the U.S. legal system, are called: a. Torts. b. Amendments. c. Legitimate actions. d. Common laws.

d. Common laws.

A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is: a. Lobbying. b. Legal challenges. c. Expert witness testimony. d. Political contributions.

d. Political contributions.

According to Brian, Davie's use of the computer for nonwork related issues would be considered a(n) ________ as it reduces an employee's work performance. a. organizational citizenship b. job involvement c. affective component of an attitude d. organizational commitment e. counterproductive work behavior

e. counterproductive work behavior

The primary reason that governments try to keep pace with technology is to:

ensure that the public is protected.

In the 1980s, corn and soybeans were genetically modified, enabling farmers to spray for weeds without harming cultivated plants. At first, these changes were: rev: 11_04_2019_QC_CS-188908 Multiple Choice considered harmful to human beings. expected to increase crop yields per acre. rejected by most governments. viewed with extreme caution.

expected to increase crop yields per acre.

Net neutrality refers to the principle that the wealthier users should pay higher rates for faster Internet speeds

false

The responsibility of managing technology with its many privacy and security issues for business organizations is entrusted to the CFO.

false

The stakeholders rarely targeted by companies for personal data collection are employees and consumers.

false

Corporate political strategy

involves the "activities taken by organizations to acquire, develop, and use power to obtain an advantage." This advantage may involve, for example, changing or not changing a particular allocation of resources, such as government support for a project supported by business or the support of an industry. These strategies might be used to further a firm's economic survival or growth. Political actions by businesses often take the form of one of the following three strategic types: Information strategy Financial-incentives strategy Constituency-building strategy Alternatively, a corporate political strategy might target limiting a competitor's progress or ability to compete. Strategies also may be developed to simply exercise the business's right to a voice in government affairs. Organizations differ in how actively they are involved in politics on an ongoing basis. Some companies essentially wait for a public policy issue to emerge before building a strategy to address that issue. This is likely when they believe the threat posed by unexpected public issues is relatively small. On the other hand, other companies develop an ongoing political strategy so that they are ready when various public issues arise. Firms are most likely to have a long-term political strategy if they believe the risks of harm from unexpected public issues are great, or when the firm is a frequent target of public attention.

Hiring former government officials for positions in the corporate world is: rev: 11_04_2019_QC_CS-188907 Multiple Choice normally legal. typically illegal. against the Employment Act of 1946. against the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938.

normally legal.

The use of robotics in the workplace has increased recently because:

robots are more reliable than people, the cost of robots has decreased, and new collaborative machines have been invented.

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