Business Law

Identity Politics

A movement that emerges when people of a particular race, ethnicity, gender, or religion form alliances and organize politically to defend the interests of the group

Responsibility to Protect (R2P)

A new doctrine that declares the leadership of every nation has a definitive duty to protect its own people from four major threats: genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity.

Penumbra Rights

A set of human rights that are found in those indeterminate or indistinct shadow areas associated with more uniformly accepted rights, such as the right to a safe and secure life.

Law

A set of rules created by the governing body of a society to maintain harmony, stability, and justice in that society. -A means for civil management and social control -Enforces through the courts, the Executive branch and Legislature

Descriptive Theory

A system of ethical thought that describes the values at work within a social system rather than explaining how the values originated in the first place.

Utilitarianism

A system of ethical thought that focuses on the consequences of an action. -The greatest good for the greatest number

Natural Law Theory

A system of ethical thought that sees an unbreakable link joining the law and morality.

Rational Ethics

A system of ethical thought that uses reason as the basis for making ethical judgments. -Deontological Ethics: focuses on duties rather than rights -Objective ethics -Normative Ethics

Ethic of Ultimate Ends (Weber)

An ethical principle, often referred to as the ethic of benevolence, developed by the 20th-century political philosopher Max Weber, that holds that individuals must act with compassion toward people without regard to the consequences. -Individuals

Failed States

States in which the government has completely collapsed or has become so ineffective that it can no longer provide sustenance or security for its own people.

Unstable States

States in which the government suppresses its own people thus inviting a future revolt that might destabilize a region.

Cost-benefit thinking

A system of thought that focuses on the consequences to one person or institution and then weighs the cost against the benefits of performing the action under scrutiny.

Social Conduct Ethics

A theory that says that right and wrong are measured by the obligations imposed on each individual by an implied agreement among individuals within a given social system.

Scientific Method

Beginning with Sir Francis Bacon and Sir Isaac Newton, scholarship changed from pursuing past authority to pursuing concrete, verifiable evidence, leading to the birth of the

Philosopher John Dewey argues that the United States has transformed from an early condition of individualism to that of Blank______ dominance.

Corporate

Kant's theory of rational ethics is similar to traditional natural law because it relies on BLANK and BLANK as essential elements of the social system.

Duty and responsibility

Social contract ethics concentrates on each individual's obligations to

Everyone Else

What philosopher is recognized as having constructed the theory of rational ethics?

Immanuel Kant

Ethics

Rules of conduct that transcend legal rules, telling people how to act when the law does not.

Dyad

Two level system of morality

Morals

Values that govern society's attitude toward right and wrong.

Prescriptive Theory

A system of ethical thought that describes how to come up with the values at work within a social system.

Ethic of Responsibility

An ethical principle developed by the 20th-century political philosopher Max Weber that holds that a leader's primary ethical guide must be the safety and security of the people of his or her nation-state. -National Leaders

What did Bromfield argue is a shortcoming of the ethic of responsibility?

Leaders focus on adding money to the treasuries of failing nations.

Corporations enjoy the status of a(n) Blank______ person under federal and state law.

Legal

Rogue States

Nation states that have abandoned international law and exist as veritable outlaws in relation to the global community.

Human beings and human social systems operate best in a moral way when they act in tune with

Natural Law

Hyper-Intolerance

Open hostility to the views, ideas, traditions, principles, and beliefs held and practiced by others.

Nonjudgmentalism

The tendency to be tolerant of every type of behavior, even the most reprehensible acts imaginable, so that, in turn, your own most reprehensible actions will not be judged by others.

In establishing weaknesses of the ethic of responsibility, Bromfleld argues that American leaders have mishandled their basic responsibilities by focusing on what he calls "________ responsibility" rather than ________responsibility.

World ; National

The basic rule of Weber's ethical dyad is that leaders must not think BLANK but instead think in terms of BLANK

benevolently ; National responsibility