BYU Geog 250 Midterm 1

Which of the following cities is the major automobile producing center of the manufacturing core? Chicago Detroit Indianapolis Milwaukee

Detroit

In the 1980s-1990s, what were the principal sources for immigrants to Canada? Latin America and Asia Asia and Africa Africa and Europe Asia and Europe

Asia and Europe

Which of the following major race group populations grew the fastest between the 2000 and 2010 census? Asian White Black Hispanic

Asian

Which of the following cities was the premier flour-milling center in North America until the end of WWII? Chicago Buffalo Cincinnati New York City

Buffalo

The 19th century idea that whites had a God-given right to settle the entire continent was known as: Zionism Manifest Destiny Tuanism Territoriality

Manifest Destiny

The term environmental determinism is used to describe which of the following concepts? The physical environment absolutely determines the scope of the activities that take place in a given area. The physical environment is only one of many factors that influence the activities of a city. People have complete control over the environment in using it to suit their own purposes. None of the above.

The physical environment absolutely determines the scope of the activities that take place in a given area.

You hear on the news that a magnitude 7 earthquake has occurred in northern Alaska. Which of the following would be an accurate response to questions about this earthquake? The rating of magnitude 7 is on the Richter scale, and that rating indicates a severe earthquake that would probably have a corresponding high MM rating. In all likelihood, this earthquake would cause little or no damage, since its rating indicates that will only minimally affect the earth's surface. The announcer is referring to the Modified Mercalli scale in rating the earthquake magnitude 7. Most likely, the earthquake originated at the San Andreas Fault.

The rating of magnitude 7 is on the Richter scale, and that rating indicates a severe earthquake that would probably have a corresponding high MM rating.

Which type of region has common characteristics throughout it? nodal locational uniform functional

Uniform

Which of the following is not one of Borchert's epochs of metropolitan growth? Walking-horse epoch Steel rail epoch Auto-air-amenity epoch Sail-wagon epoch

Walking-horse epoch

Canada is a unitary state and comprises ten provinces and two territories. true false

false

Canada's national core stretches from Ontario in the west, through Quebec and into the Maritime Provinces in the east. true false

false

In 1920, states in the manufacturing core east of the Appalachians were generally less engaged in manufacturing than the states of the interior core were. true false

false

Oceanic bodies change temperature more rapidly than land surfaces do. Thus, in the summer, the interior regions of continents are commonly cooler than coastal regions at the same latitude. true false

false

The growth of Queen Anne's county was unaffected by the opening of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. true false

false

Canada's cultural and regional diversity is maintained in part by a _______ type of governmental political geography. monarchy centripetal federal unitary

federal

Around what year did a spatial shift in the location of manufacturing (the geographic component of economic restructuring) away from the manufacturing core to other areas of the continent begin? 1980 1990 1970 1960

1970

The urbanized areas of the United States and Canada are increasing at about how many acres per year? 1.1 million .5 million 2.2 million over 5 million

2.2 million

About what percentage of the United States' population moves each year? 60% 50% 20% 10%

20%

According to the 2010 US Census, approximately _____ of the population were minorities. 14% 10% 37% 48%

48%

About what percentage of Canada and the U.S.'s population lives is classified as urban? 10-20% 90-95% 45-55% 75-85%

75-85%

Which of the following is not a way that the Canadian core differs from the United States core? Canadians have a weaker sense of nationalism. Canadians are far less prosperous. Canada has two official languages. Agriculture is better developed in the American core.

Agriculture is better developed in the American core.

What was the largest city in the metropolitan core before 1750? Philadelphia New York Boston Richmond

Boston

Which of the following cities is not a fall line city? Philadelphia Washington Baltimore Boston

Boston

Locations where goods are transferred from one transportation mode to another are known as: Ports-of-call Transportation hubs Break-in-bulk points Checkpoints

Break-in-bulk points

Which of the following areas has a Mediterranean climate? California Florida Hawaii South Texas

California

What is the term used by social scientists to refer to the part of the city popularly called downtown? Pivotal Intersection Point Central Core Area Central City Central Business District

Central Business District

Which of the following is the largest inland city in the U.S.? Chicago Pittsburgh Cleveland Detroit

Chicago

Which of the following cities is the major iron and steel port city of Lake Erie? Buffalo Cleveland Pittsburgh Chicago

Cleveland

Major conurbations have developed around all of the following EXCEPT the southern Lake Michigan region. the San Francisco Bay area. Boston. El Paso.

El Paso

Poverty is no longer a problem in Canada. true false

False

Which of the following is the best description of the region known as the United States? The United States is not a region at all; it is merely a country. It is both a formal and a functional region, depending on what criteria are used to define it. It is a functional region, because the federal government maintains unity and impacts citizens in various ways. It is a formal region, because everyone speaks English.

It is both a formal and a functional region, depending on what criteria are used to define it.

About what percentage of the U.S. population is rural-farm? 5% 10% 25% Less than 2%

Less than 2%

Which of the following factors has not contributed to the development of the Canadian core? the quantity of resources found in the Canadian Shield the intense cultural rivalry between the English and French components of the core the initial strong trade relations with Europe the core's relative location to the American manufacturing core

Likely B, not D

An observer maintains that Mexico should be part of the region included in North America and thus cannot be separated from the United States and Canada in any serious study. After listening to her argument, you are requested to make a rebuttal. Which of the following would be the best rebuttal? Mexico should not be included in the same region as the United States and Canada because it was never a part of the British Empire. Mexico should not be included in the same region as the United States and Canada because it is too far south. Mexico should not be included in the same region as the United States and Canada because it shares more similarities with Latin countries than with the U.S. and Canada. Mexico should not be included in the same region as the United States and Canada because it has no French minority region.

Mexico should not be included in the same region as the United States and Canada because it shares more similarities with Latin countries than with the U.S. and Canada.

Which of the following cities, located in the heart of the Dairy Belt, is one of the leading centers of the continent's brewing industry? Indianapolis Milwaukee Louisville Cincinnati

Milwaukee

Which of the following cities is the urban-industrial center of French Canada and also the country's major eastern port? Toronto Quebec Montreal Ottawa

Montreal

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints was founded in what state? Missouri New York Vermont Utah

New York

During and after the American revolutionary war, into what two provinces did those loyal to the British flee? Quebec and Nova Scotia Ontario and Quebec Nova Scotia and Ontario British Columbia and Alberta

Ontario and Quebec?

What major American city is located along the Delaware river? Baltimore New York Philadelphia Boston

Philadelphia

The fall line along the East Coast is found at the boundary of what two physiographic regions? Mountains and Piedmont Coastal plain and continental shelf Mountains and coastal plain Piedmont and coastal plain

Piedmont and coastal plain

Which of the following cities' names was synonymous with steel throughout the first half of the twentieth century? Pittsburgh Chicago Cleveland Detroit

Pittsburgh

Tertiary occupations refer to: Agriculture Services Information Manufacturing

Services

What size of area does a large-scale ratio map show? large areas small areas

Small areas

Baptists are most common in what region of the United States? Northeast Southwest South Pacific Northwest

South

Generally coastal areas have greater precipitation - except when dominated for part of the year by a high pressure belt. Which of the following coastal regions remains mostly dry during the summer? Southern California Washington/Oregon Coastal areas the Gulf Coast the New England coast

Southern California

The next question refers to one of the landscape regions of the U.S. and Canada:"Visitors to this section of America will thrill to the beautiful, gently rolling landscape. The fertile fields and farms create a cornucopia for the world made possible by the long, hot summers in which corn and other crops grow prodigiously. After the hot, humid days of summer come very cold winters, making even those who were most eager to see the end of the summer long for its warmth again. Most of the natural hardwood forest has been replaced by farms and cities, but where it remains, the fall foliage is beautiful." closeIncorrect The description above probably refers to which physiographic region of the U.S. and Canada? the Canadian region, with its fertile farms in southern Canada the Great Plains, where fields and farms have replaced the native hardwood forests the prairie and hardwood forest in the southern Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River region the Appalachian Mountain Province in Virginia and the Carolinas

TBD

Which of the following is a situational characteristic of the Northeast megalopolis? It is in a good location for trade with Europe. It occupies a coastal location. It has excellent natural harbors. all of the above

TBD, maybe It has excellent natural harbors. Not all of the above

According to the 2010 census data, where is the current center of population located? Pike County, Ohio Texas County, Missouri Clay County, Illinois Jefferson County, Missouri

Texas County, Missouri

Which of the following is true of the importance of manufacturing companies as employers and contributors to national income since 1960? Their importance has remained stable in both countries. Their importance has been steadily declining in the United States and Canada. Their importance has declined in the United States but has remained stable in Canada. Their importance has grown in the United States but declined in Canada.

Their importance has been steadily declining in the United States and Canada.

Why do volcanoes and earthquakes often occur in the same general geographic area? They are both created by the faulting and folding of the earth's crust that occurs in the large river valleys of the continent. It is impossible to have an earthquake without volcanic action, since earthquakes are caused by volcanic action associated with the earth's hot spots. They are both caused by their proximity to large bodies of water like the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. They both usually occur because of collisions between the earth's large geologic plates (like the Pacific and North American Plates on the Pacific Coast).

They both usually occur because of collisions between the earth's large geologic plates (like the Pacific and North American Plates on the Pacific Coast).

What is the single greatest reason many French Canadians worry about immigration? They fear that most new immigrants will not be able to find jobs and will go on public assistance. They do not wish to compromise the French and English heritage of Canada. They worry about having enough room to accommodate newcomers. They fear that most immigrants assimilate into the English-language culture.

They fear that most immigrants assimilate into the English-language culture

Which of the following is Canada's largest port city on Lake Ontario? Toronto Kingston Hamilton Canada doesn't have a port on Lake Ontario

Toronto

Which of the following has New York City's economy seen over the past few decades? a decline in manufacturing jobs and an increase in service jobs an increase in manufacturing jobs and service jobs a decline in manufacturing jobs and service jobs a decline in service jobs and a rise in manufacturing jobs

a decline in manufacturing jobs and an increase in service jobs

What are basic economic activities? activities of agricultural industries activities that bring income into an area activities that recirculate money through the local economy activities of manufacturing industries

activities that bring income into an area

What are non-basic economic activities? activities of small manufacturing plants activities that bring income into an area activities of high technology manufacturers activities that recirculate money through the local economy

activities that recirculate money through the local economy

In the early 1990s, fish moratoriums and other regulations were placed on the fishing industry. What motivated these measures? commercial species being fished by U.S. and Canadian fisheries faster than they could replace themselves pollution foreign long-range fleets depleting stock and damaging breeding grounds just outside U.S. and Canadian territorial waters all of the above

all of the above

The amount of heat received from the sun at any given point on the planet varies seasonally because of what? the angle at which the sun hits the surface the amount of cloud cover the length of the daylight period all of the above

all of the above

Why do Marine West Coast climates tend to be mild? because of the presence of coastal mountains because of orographic precipitation because of the adjacent ocean because of their longitude

because of the adjacent ocean

Where in Quebec are there few English speakers? along the shores of the Ottawa River in Montreal between Montreal and Quebec City in the eastern townships

between Montreal and Quebec City

When a place is far from the moderating effects of an ocean, its climate is said to be what? mild Mediterranean continental Marine West Coast

continental

Landforms in the region described in the quotation above were probably created by which of the following? severe earthquake activity associated with faulting continental glaciation volcanic activity extending over many years deposition in the lower Mississippi River floodplain

continental glaciation

The Cascades, the Coast Ranges, and the Sierra Nevada deplete much of the moisture in the air before it reaches the Intermontane West. This lack of water vapor in the air results in which of the following? variations in topography throughout the Intermontane region itself dry climates in the interior Intermontane region high temperatures during the day and rapid cooling at night in the Intermontane West all of the above

dry climates in the interior Intermontane region

Agricultural areas bordering the Great Lakes have longer growing seasons and more moderate temperatures than other areas within the Canadian national core due to continentality. true false

false

Which of the following statements best defines geography? geography includes the study of both the physical and the human environments geography is the study of the physical environment geography is basically the mapping of the world geography is the study of where things are

geography includes the study of both the physical and the human environments

Continental glaciation was a major force in creating the landforms of the U.S. and Canada. Which of the following is the best example of the impact of such glaciation and its associated landforms? glacial debris: the Southeastern Atlantic and the Gulf Coastal Plain alpine glaciation: Puget Sound and the Strait of San Juan de Fuca terminal moraines: the Sierra Nevada Mountains and the Great Plains glacial excavation: Southern Canada and the Great Lakes

glacial excavation: Southern Canada and the Great Lakes

Which of the following is an example of an "accessibility resource" in the Northeast megalopolis? good routes to the interior waterfalls that can be used to generate power coal soil suitable for small scale farming

good routes to the interior

What kind of climate is found in the highly populated portions of the northeast U.S. and southeast Canada? sub-humid boreal humid coastal humid subtropical humid continental

humid continental

Where is the majority of Canada's population located? it is mostly on the West Coast it is in large cities it is in the Atlantic Provinces it is evenly distributed across all ten provinces and three territories

it is in large cities

What is the primary characteristic of the Northeast megalopolis? the persistence of farmland there its low population densities its dominance of heavy industry its continuous urbanism

its continuous urbanism

Which of the following is the term for the persistence of economic activities within a specific region after the advantages for locating in that region have dissipated? industrial entrenchment geographic stickiness spatial stability locational inertia

locational inertia

Which of the following is the process that involves the merging of urbanized areas of separate metropolitan centers? metropolitan coalescence gentrification conurbation urban sprawl

metropolitan coalescence

Which of the following landforms were most likely created by forces within the earth folding the earth's surface? mountains, often occurring in parallel ridges covering large areas steep, rugged mountains with sharp cliffs covering small areas volcanic mountains that are concentrated in relatively small areas near "hot spots" in the earth's crust level plains with little elevation change over large areas

mountains, often occurring in parallel ridges covering large areas

What are the three main areas of emphasis in geography? regional, systematic, technological physical/environmental, systematic, cartographic physical/environmental, human/cultural, regional physical/environmental, human/cultural, tools/methods

physical/environmental, human/cultural, tools/methods

Aroostook Valley in NE Maine has silty loam soils that are good for growing which of the following? potatoes apples winter wheat hay, as feed for dairy cows

potatoes

Economic activities such as those found in business headquarters or government policy forums are classified as which kind of economic activities? quinary quaternary tertiary secondary

quinary

Which geographic approach is primarily used in this course? physical/environmental systematic human/cultural regional

regional

Since about 1970, the U.S. population has been moving towards the north and west south and west east and west north and east

south and west

Canada's early economy was based on the export of __________ products, such as cod, furs, timber, and minerals, which had steady demand in Europe. bulk staple non-basic seoncary

staple

According to the 2010 census, which of the following is in the top five states with a majority-minority population? Maryland, New York, Louisiana California, Washington, New Jersey New York, New Jersey, Washington D.C. California, Texas, Hawaii

tbd

According to your text, economic restructuring is largely the result of which of the following? internal and international migration patterns government policy technological innovations globalization

technological innovations

Climatic controls create regional patterns that are different in the eastern and western parts of the U.S. and Canada. __________ is the key element in the East's climatic variation; and __________ in the West. temperature/temperature precipitation/precipitation temperature/precipitation precipitation/temperature

temperature/precipitation

Which of the following is an example of an accessibility resource in the Canadian national core? soil suitable for small scale farming the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence Seaway a large mineral base Niagara Falls being used to generate power

the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence Seaway

Which of the following is included in North America? Central America, Mexico, Canada, the U.S., Greenland, and the Caribbean Islands Mexico, the U.S., and Canada the U.S. and Canada all of these none of these

the U.S. and Canada

Air expands when it rises because it is subject to less compression from overlying air. What results? the air warms and is able to hold more moisture dust storms occur an area of high pressure forms because of high altitude, resulting in dry weather over the area the air cools and reaches its saturation point, causing clouds to form and precipitation to occur

the air cools and reaches its saturation point, causing clouds to form and precipitation to occur

Which of the following describes the quaternary sector of the economy? the extraction of raw materials from the environment the transformation of raw materials into finished products services the collection, processing, and manipulation of information

the collection, processing, and manipulation of information

Which of the following is a problem created by gentrification? the drain on the city tax base the further deterioration of inner-city neighborhoods the concentration of older people in the center city the displacement of low-income residents from their neighborhoods

the displacement of low-income residents from their neighborhoods

What is the region called in southwestern Wisconsin that escaped glaciation ? the zone of glacial dispersion the driftless area the nonglaciated zone the Finger Lakes region

the driftless area

Which of the following was a major change in the industrial geography of New England in the last two decades of the nineteenth century? the development of the radio manufacturing industry in New England the move of the textile industry to the Southeast the move of the steel industry to the West the development of the automobile industry in Michigan

the move of the textile industry to the Southeast

Identify the urban model devised by Harris and Ullman that describes how the automobile has generated intra-urban dispersal and has reduced the pull of the CBD. the multiple nuclei model the sector model the polynodal model the concentric zones model

the multiple nuclei model

Compared to the United States, Canada has a significantly greater portion of its territory in which of the following? the western longitudes the southern latitudes the eastern longitudes the northern latitudes

the northern latitudes

Which of the following is not a major factor in the climate of an area? the type of vegetation the relationship between land and water the hours of daylight the directness of the sun's rays

the type of vegetation

Which of the following is not a geographic factor that helps shape the size and extent of the Canadian core? topography the Great Lakes the St. Lawrence River thin and acidic soils

topography

Although the Northeast megalopolis is dominated by urban areas, about 20 percent of the region is still devoted to farming. true false

true

Even if one day Quebec votes to politically separate itself from the rest of Canada, the economic integration between Quebec and Ontario is so extensive that it would likely preclude any separation of the economic relationship. true false

true

Fishing is one of the most important economic activities in Nova Scotia, Canada. true false

true

Inshore fishing has traditionally been more important than deep-sea fishing for Bypassed East fishermen. true false

true

Rising property values in the Northeast megalopolis helped to quicken the decline of farms in the region. true false

true

Temperature variations in the Great Plains are largely dependent upon latitude; the higher the latitude, the lower the temperature. true false

true

While temperatures in the Great Plains vary by latitude, the amount of precipitation varies by longitude. true false

true

Compared to the United States, Canada has a significantly greater portion of its territory in which of the following? the western longitudes the southern latitudes the eastern longitudes the northern latitudes

twenty percent