C202 Managing Human Capital
What does the acronym FMLA stand for?
Family Medical Leave Act
The extent to which organizational rules, procedures, and communications are written down is called ________.
Formalization
________ stress is a manageable level of stress that generates positive emotions including satisfaction, excitement, and enjoyment.
Functional
________ turnover is the departure of poor-performing employees.
Functional
Having too many ________ is distracting rather than performance enabling.
Goals
Giving a very high score on a performance review based on one great project is called the ________ effect.
Halo
The system of formal authority in which some employees have a greater amount of formal authority over others is referred to as ________.
Hierarchy
________ occurs when potential is confused with performance.
High potential error
Allowing one disfavored trait or work factor to overwhelm other, more positive performance elements and resulting in an unfairly low overall performance rating is the ________ effect.
Horns
Just being sufficiently bothered by the ________ environment created by behavior including whistling, lewd jokes, foul language, pictures, or emails, can fuel a successful lawsuit.
Hostile
A systematic process used to identify and describe the important aspects of a job and the worker characteristics needed to succeed is called ________.
Job analysis
Research has shown that organizations that effectively utilize ________ financially outperform their competitors.
Job analysis
________ identifies important tasks and working conditions as well as the tools and technologies used on the job.
Job analysis
________ is a type of horizontal job expansion.
Job enlargement
A sensory modality preference for learning by doing is called ________ learning.
Kinesthetic
_______ is the change in participants' knowledge, skills, or attitudes.
Learning
________ objectives guide the development of the training content and delivery methods.
Learning
Equal employment opportunity and affirmative action goals are the two primary ________ factors that influence the content of a job offer.
Legal
________ commitment leads employees to stay with an organization because they feel they should.
Normative
________ inspections are conducted on-site or via telephone by highly trained compliance officers and are initiated without advance notice.
OSHA
________ training occurs when an individual learns while doing the work.
On-the-job
Achieving ________ turnover means understanding both the financial gains and costs of different types of turnover and controlling who stays and who leaves.
Optimal
A workout facility is considered a(n) ________ benefit.
Optional
Creative benefits are considered a(n) ________ benefit.
Optional
________ are often of high quality but difficult to attract through conventional recruiting methods.
Passive job seekers
_______ reward employees based on some specific measure of their performance.
Pay-for-performance programs
Goals affect ________ by affecting the direction of action, the degree of effort exerted, and persistence in pursuing the goal.
Performance
Restaurants that schedule their highest performing servers during the busiest shifts are focused on ________ culture.
Performance
Sports teams like the New York Yankees and Pittsburgh Steelers consistently excel because of their strong ________ culture.
Performance
To promote and maintain ethical behavior, managers need to provide ______ feedback.
Performance
A(n) ________ conflict management strategy is neglecting one's own concerns to satisfy the concerns of the other person.
Accommodating
Animal shelter employees who are committed to the organization because of its goal of finding good homes for all pets are an example of ________ commitment.
Affective
________ commitment leads employees to stay with an organization because they have a strong positive attachment to the organization's values and goals.
Affective
________ rewards include a personal thank-you note, a preferred parking space, a unique award, or some form of personal acknowledgment from management.
Alternative
Which act guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities or those who are perceived as having disabilities?
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
________ can include, but is not limited to, provisions for nondiscriminatory recruitment, training, and promotion.
An affirmative action plan
Job ________ is the first step in designing effective staffing, training, and performance management.
Analysis
Undergoing ________ level of stress for too long can cause health problems including elevated blood pressure and high cholesterol.
Any
________ can become victims of sexual harassment.
Anyone
A sensory modality preference for learning by hearing is called ________ learning.
Auditory
What type of turnover is at play when the employer could have prevented it by addressing issues such as low pay, job stress, or poor work-life balance?
Avoidable
A(n) ________ conflict management strategy is not immediately pursuing one's own concerns or those of the other person and not addressing the conflict.
Avoiding
________ interviews are typically used to assess business, reasoning, presentation, and communication skills, and are popular for management consulting and investment banking jobs.
Case
Involving employees in a ________ management effort can improve their commitment to that change.
Change
Rolling out a new benefits program is one of the most common ________ managed by HRM.
Changes
________ training is conducted face-to-face, with a trainer instructing an individual or group of learners.
Classroom
________ is attempting to work with the other person to find some solution that fully satisfies the concerns of both persons during a conflict.
Collaborating
What is, arguably, the most powerful tool in developing the psychological contract (for better or for worse)?
Communication
________ between HR and employees is extremely important.
Communication
A(n) ________ conflict management strategy means pursuing one's own concerns at the other person's expense.
Competing
Taking workplace health and safety seriously helps reduce ________ risk.
Compliance
________ is a conflict management strategy of trying to find some expedient, mutually acceptable middle-ground solution that partially satisfies both parties.
Compromising
________ commitment leads employees to stay with an organization because they feel that they have to.
Continuance
The ________ effect occurs when a rating determination is made by comparing the target employee with someone else rather than with the performance standards.
Contrast
One of the most important stress management approaches is to allow employees greater ________ over their work patterns and schedules.
Control
Sometimes a(n) ________ sourcing campaign is only useful for a few months or is copied by competitors and stops being a competitive advantage.
Creative
________ issues are a frequent reason for derailed mergers.
Cultural
Business strategies can be reinforced or undermined by their fit with the firm's ________.
Culture
A retirement plan is considered a(n) ________ benefit.
Customary
Disability insurance is considered a(n) ________ benefit.
Customary
Health insurance is considered a(n) ________ benefit.
Customary
________ is done once the learning objectives are in place.
Designing the training
________ is compensation received in the form of salary, wages, commissions, stock options, or bonuses.
Direct financial compensation
Given that most applicants for a position do not ultimately get the job, perceptions of ________ fairness are often low for most applicants.
Distributive
Organizations that focus on inclusion and are cognizant of the dimensions of gender, nationality, sexual orientation, and disability—while remaining sensitive to cultural variations—are practicing ________ awareness.
Diversity
Factors including conflicting goals and a harsh boss can interfere with job performance and lead to which type of stress?
Dysfunctional
What kind of turnover exists if employees or customers feel the effects of productive employees being replaced by inexperienced workers resulting in a lower quality of productivity?
Dysfunctional
________ stress triggers include a heavy workload, lack of clarity about responsibilities, and low perceived meaningfulness of the work.
Dysfunctional
In a strong ________ culture, all employees feel a responsibility for safety and pursue it every day.
Safety
Suzy spends time each morning identifying qualified individuals to recruit for her department. This is an example of ________.
Sourcing
Pam is working on this year's performance goals for her team. She should make the goals challenging and ________.
Specific
________ often occurs in rejecting an applicant as "overqualified."
Stereotyping
Identifying and leveraging an employee's ________ is often the MOST valuable part of performance review meetings.
Strengths
The small amount of adrenaline generated by mild ________ makes action more likely and even increases the brain's ability to form new memories.
Stress
Well-developed ________ interviews are usually good predictors of job success.
Structured
What type of interview has consistent, job-related questions with predetermined scoring keys?
Structured
________ planning can help to ensure that an organization has people ready to assume leadership positions as soon as those positions become available.
Succession
________ can ensure leadership continuity, prevent key positions from remaining vacant after the incumbent leaves, prevent transition problems, and reduce incidents of premature promotion.
Succession management
________ helps to retain talented employees who might otherwise leave to pursue higher-level positions at other organizations.
Succession management
What type of turnover cannot be prevented by employers, such as a resignation due to family needs, serious injury, or death?
Unavoidable
Companies are increasingly using ________ programs to improve their bottom lines while building a great workplace.
Wellness
When implemented correctly using company-specific research and planning, ________ programs can have big benefits for both the employer and employees.
Wellness
________ programs can address factors including healthy eating, smoking cessation, weight management, physical activity, and stress management.
Wellness
________ evaluate the performance of actual or simulated work tasks.
Work samples
________ pays for medical costs—and sometimes time off—if an employee suffers a job-related injury or illness, and pays survivor benefits in the case of an employee's death.
Workers' compensation
________ is the movement of employees to other parts of the company or to other jobs the company needs filled to match its workforce with its talent needs.
Workforce redeployment
________ violence is any act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that occurs in the workplace.
Workplace
Sam is sending out résumés and talking to everyone he meets about his job hunting techniques. This is an example of a(n) ________.
active job seeker
An employment practice that has a disproportionate effect on a protected group, regardless of its intent, is referred to as ________.
adverse impact
Employers adhere to ________ because they are federal contractors and are required to by law.
affirmative action plans
The purpose of the organizational function of HRM is to ______.
attract, hire, develop, reward, and retain talent
Employees need to change their ________ for an organizational change effort to succeed.
behaviors and goals
Staffing is the process of planning, acquiring, deploying, and retaining employees that enables the organization to meet its talent needs and execute its _______.
business strategy
How can HRM create value within an organization?
by making the company better at executing its strategy
In what kind of interview is the candidate given a business situation, challenge, or problem and asked to present a well-thought-out solution?
case interview
Some managers think that to maintain motivation, no employee should be given the highest rating regardless of his or her performance. These managers are likely to make what kind of error?
central tendency
Which ethical action shows respect and compassion for all others, especially the most vulnerable?
common good standard
Thinking through the ramifications of an employment-related decision in terms of legal risk, particularly in the areas of diversity, health and safety, union relations, whistleblowers, and harassment, is an example of managing ________.
compliance risk
If a manufacturing company learns that its best employees tend to like NASCAR, and so the company sponsors a recruiting tent at NASCAR events, then this would be an example of ________.
creative sourcing
Preparing employees in more than one job or in multiple skills to enable them to do different jobs is called ________.
cross-training
Mergers and acquisitions often fail because of ________.
culture issues
Leadership's interest in employees' well-being, employees' understanding of their role in the organization's larger goals, and reasonable workload with work-life balance are all drivers of which of the following?
employee engagement
What are the four broad types of organizational culture?
entrepreneurial, bureaucratic, consensual, competitive
What is the fifth step in an effective training process?
evaluate the training
To realize the greatest business value from training, it is essential to ________.
evaluate whether training objectives were met.
Which type of recruiting source targets people outside the organization?
external recruiting
When new HRM processes reduce the cost of hiring employees, they have reduced its ________.
financial risk
Unwanted verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that creates a hostile, intimidating, or otherwise offensive working atmosphere is called ________ harassment.
hostile environment
What is the fourth step in an effective training process?
implement the training
The goal of an organization that offers tuition reimbursement is to ________.
improve employee skills
The goal of an organization that offers services that improve the employees' at-work experience (on-site oil changes, dry cleaning, food, massages, etc.) is to ________.
improve retention
The goal of an organization that offers the benefits of health, life, workers' compensation, and disability insurance is to ________.
increase financial security
The goal of an organization that offers the benefits of greater 401(k) matching, financial planning seminars, and long-term care insurance is to ________.
increase retirement security
Compensation including free meals, vacation time, and health insurance is called _____.
indirect financial compensation
Locating talent currently working for the company that would be a good candidate for another position is called ________.
internal recruiting
Many firms, particularly those with a philosophy of promoting from within, first try to fill positions using ________ sources.
internal recruiting
Relying exclusively on ________ to fill higher-level positions can limit new insights available to the organization.
internal sourcing
Adding more tasks at the same level of responsibility and skill related to an employee's current position is called ________.
job enlargement
When a secretary's job responsibilities include receiving visitors and answering phones and are then expanded to include typing letters and sorting mail, it is called ________.
job enlargement
Moving workers through a variety of jobs to increase their interest and motivation is called ________.
job rotation
When a secretarial workgroup takes turns answering the phones, sorting mail, and typing and filing correspondence, it is an example of ________.
job rotation
If employees perceive they are not being treated fairly or equitably by the employer, they are much more likely to ________.
join a union
A ________ is a group of at least two employees who band together as a single entity to address pay, hours, and working conditions with their employer.
labor union
Allowing employees to ________ helps to decrease employee stress.
make decisions
To expand internationally, ________ have been common organizational strategies.
mergers and acquisitions
Performance feedback from the employee's supervisor as well as others who are familiar with an employee's job performance is called ________.
multisource assessment
Development opportunities can be considered a type of ________.
nonfinancial compensation
Forms of ________ include casual dress codes and flexible work hours.
nonfinancial compensation
Rewards and incentives given to employees that are not financial in nature, including intrinsic rewards received from the job itself or from the work environment, are called ________.
nonfinancial compensation
Sometimes ________ a poor fit is even more valuable than ________ good performers.
not hiring; hiring
When a supervisor or coworker answers a question or gives feedback, ________ training has occurred.
on-the-job
HRM affects the speed and effectiveness of talent acquisition as well as the development of employees' skills and the identification and retention of top performers. These and other HRM activities that can directly influence the organization's success or failure are examples of ________.
operational risk
Rating an employee's performance low because a production machine broke due to a manufacturing defect is obviously unfair and is called ________.
opportunity bias
Someone who is not actively looking for a new job but could be tempted by the right opportunity is known as a(n) __________.
passive job seeker
Starbucks is a good example of a(n) ________ culture.
people-oriented
When the employee believes they will "lose out" on future employment opportunities because the employer focuses on hiring more diverse people, this is called ________.
perception of loss
By providing the raw talent that the system will manage, staffing influences the effectiveness of which system?
performance management
What type of management involves aligning individual employees' goals and behaviors with organizational goals and strategies?
performance management
________ fit includes one's fit with one's leader.
Person-group
________ fit is how well an individual's values, attitudes, and personality fit with the organization's values, norms, and culture.
Person-organization
The human resource ________ process reconciles labor supply and demand gaps with action plans designed to help the organization manage anticipated talent surpluses or shortages.
Planning
A ________ is a basic principle or guideline formulated and enforced by an organization to direct and limit its actions in pursuit of long-term goals.
Policy
The following is an example of a ________: Employees accrue 2.15 hours of emergency personal time per pay period. On an annual basis, this equates to the equivalent of 56 hours. Employees may use emergency personal time up to 56 hours.
Policy
Employment laws and regulations exist because organizations typically have more ________ than employees do.
Power
A match between an individual and his or her workgroup and supervisor is called ________ fit.
person-group
Research suggests that ________ fit refers in part to the fit between a person's motivations and the rewards offered by a job.
person-job
The fit between a person's abilities and the job's demands and the fit between a person's desires and motivations and the job's attributes and rewards is called ________ fit.
person-job
The following is an example of a ________: Employees who are using emergency personal time must call and talk to their supervisor as soon as possible, but no later than sixty minutes after the start of their shift. If the supervisor is unavailable, employees may leave a message for the supervisor with a phone number where they can be reached.
procedure
________ coping strategies deal directly with the cause of stress.
Problem-focused
If Judy believes that she was not given a fair chance at a promotion because the hiring manager had an implicit favorite and did not give her a chance to demonstrate her skills, she would perceive low ________ fairness.
Procedural
A directive instructing employees on specific actions to take in order to achieve an objective is a ________.
Procedure
The goal of affirmative action is to provide employment opportunities to a(n) ________ class.
Protected
The ________ tries to substitute bargaining, arbitration, and mediation for strikes in resolving labor disputes.
Railway Labor Act
Participant feedback forms are usually used to assess ________.
Reactions
Regularly recording employees' performance can make it easier to recall performance and behavior from earlier in the rating period, which lessens the ________ effect.
Recency
________ rewards are often used to reward specific achievements like safety or wellness behaviors.
Recognition
Activities that affect either the number or type of people willing to apply for and accept job offers is referred to as ________.
Recruiting
________ is/are an alternative to downsizing if the company has openings in other units or jobs.
Redeployment
________ are how the organization benefits from the training.
Results
Base pay/salary, career advancement opportunities, and trust/confidence in senior leadership are all top drivers of what?
Retention
Well-performing employees should be ________.
Rewarded
Someone at least somewhat interested in finding a new job, but who inconsistently looks for one, is known as a(n) ________.
semipassive job seeker
Being alumni of the same school, having similar hobbies, or having similar talents with the person being rated can lead to unconsciously awarding higher performance ratings than are appropriate and is called the ________ effect.
similar-to-me
Separations due to poor performance, layoffs, or restructuring are part of which HRM function?
staffing
When a company creates new HRM initiatives to strengthen employees' ethical awareness and company culture to enhance its competitive advantage, it is managing ________.
strategic risk
Each quarter Lisa's company asks her to name three people in her department who would make good managers in the future. This is an example of ________.
succession management
In some cases, companies are acquired because the acquiring company needs the ________ of the other company.
talent and skills
The manual or computerized record of employees' relevant characteristics, experiences, and competencies is called ________.
talent inventory
The BEST performance management process takes place ________.
throughout the year
Which of the following purposes could a job analysis be used for?
to create employee training plans
An employee who voluntarily quits or is terminated for cause is not eligible for ________.
unemployment insurance
The goal of ________ is to preserve many other jobs that could be lost if these workers lost their income and spending power.
unemployment insurance
In a(n) ________, the target employee is reviewed by one or more subordinates.
upward review
What is the ethical action that best balances good over harm by doing the most good or doing the least harm?
utilitarian standard
Which ethical action is consistent with certain ideal virtues including civility, compassion, benevolence, etc.?
virtue standard
The psychological contract is the unwritten set of expectations that make up the ________.
working relationship
If the employee does not improve, this corrective step may be repeated with a stronger statement of the consequences for not improving.
written warning
Issues with perceived ________ can complicate the use of wellness incentives.
Fairness
Because incentives tied to goal accomplishment have a strong effect on employees' ________, it is critical to ensure that goals do not have unintended consequences.
Behavior
If the interviewer asks you to tell him about a time when you had to motivate others and describe what you did, what type of interview question is being asked?
Behavioral
John was just called in for his second interview at ABD Company. The interviewer asked John to tell him about a time when he had to write up an employee and explain how he handled the situation. This is an example of which type of interview question?
Behavioral
Many ________ patterns that undermine wellness involve immediate benefits and delayed costs.
Behavioral
Companies use ________ to attract and retain employees, and sometimes to compensate for offering lower pay than their competitors.
Benefits
Which of the following is a type of indirect financial compensation?
Benefits
________ is referred to as a repeated mistreatment of another employee through verbal abuse, conduct that is threatening, humiliating, or intimidating, or sabotage that interferes with the other person's work.
Bullying
A(n) ________ culture that stifles innovation and risk taking is thought to have contributed to Nokia's declining market share.
Bureaucratic
Which type of culture emphasizes formal structures and the correct implementation of organizational procedures, norms, and rules?
Bureaucratic
Employment decisions that are objective, merit-based, and use job-related characteristics to determine employment are considered ________ discrimination.
Fair
The ________ established both minimum-wage and overtime rules.
Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
________ coping strategies focus on the emotions brought on by the stressor.
Emotion-focused
________ occurs when employees are committed to, involved with, enthusiastic about, and passionate about their work.
Employee engagement
Which of the following acts prohibits wage discrimination on the basis of sex?
Equal Pay Act of 1963
The standards of moral behavior that define socially acceptable behaviors as right or wrong are known as ________.
Ethics
Systematically collecting the information necessary to make effective decisions about adopting, improving, valuing, and continuing an instructional activity or set of activities is training ________.
Evaluation
Giving teams or workgroups an actual problem and having them solve it as part of the training is a type of ________ training.
Experiential
Studies indicate that ________ rewards including bonuses, pay increases, and awards are detrimental to innovation.
Extrinsic
When we are motivated to do a task because doing so will lead to a valued reward, we are experiencing ________ motivation.
Extrinsic
________ motivation comes from trying to earn a performance bonus.
Extrinsic
Which act requires employers to use an I-9 verification form to verify the employability status of every new employee within three days of hiring?
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
________ include(s) all the tangible and financially valued rewards that are not included in direct compensation, including free meals, vacation time, and health insurance.
Indirect financial compensation
If interviewers are rude or unprepared, if interviews are canceled or rescheduled at the last minute, or if the person negotiating the employment contract is perceived as being unreasonable or unhelpful, this would be considered low ________ fairness.
Interactional
The degree of respect and the quality of the interpersonal treatment received during the decision-making process is known as ________ fairness.
Interactional
________ systems are used to communicate information about internal job openings to employees.
Internal job posting
When we engage in a hobby, we are experiencing ________ motivation.
Intrinsic
__________ motivation is derived from an interest in or enjoyment from doing a task.
Intrinsic
If the employer asks the employee to leave the organization due to poor performance, downsizing, or layoffs, what type of turnover is being modeled?
Involuntary
If an organization never provided a sexual harassment policy and training to employees, it can be held ________ if it didn't know the harassment was occurring.
Liable
The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) is considered a(n) ________ benefit.
Mandatory
Unemployment insurance is considered a(n) ________ benefit.
Mandatory
A good performance goal is ________, easily understandable, and results oriented.
Measurable
HR managers assure that cultural issues are recognized and addressed before, during, and after the ________.
Merger
To be most effective, ________ should be tied to business goals and drive employee behaviors.
Metrics
The organization's basic purpose and the scope of its operations is called its ________.
Mission
Giving an undeserving employee an award can undermine the ________ of his or her coworkers.
Motivation
________ can be undermined by not giving deserving employees rewards.
Motivation
The Wagner Act is also called the ________.
National Labor Relations Act of 1935
The ________ prohibits retaliation against employees seeking to unionize.
National Labor Relations Act of 1935
Before the ________, employers could spy on, punish, interrogate, and terminate employment of union members without just cause.
National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (Wagner Act)
The ________ guarantees the right of nonmanagerial employees of firms engaged in interstate commerce to join unions and bargain collectively.
National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (Wagner Act)
The ________ prohibits "unfair labor practices" such as firing workers for joining unions, refusing to bargain with a union representing a majority of workers, or establishing a company union.
National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (Wagner Act)
The Taft-Hartley Act is also called the ________.
National Labor Relations Act of 1947
The ________ amended the Wagner Act to clarify what are considered unfair labor practices by unions and employees.
National Labor Relations Act of 1947
A sensory modality preference for learning by touching is called ________ learning.
Tactile
Effective ________ planning is essential to the success of a merger or acquisition.
Talent
________ requires most employers to provide employees up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave to care for family members.
The FMLA
________ was intended to curb the work stoppages, strikes, and general labor conflict that had become common.
The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (Wagner Act)
________ refers to everything an employee perceives to be of value that results from the employment relationship.
Total rewards
When an organization adopts a new manufacturing process, which HRM function is responsible for improving employee's skills to meet its talent needs?
Training
________ is the glue that keeps employees committed to the organization and focused on making the efforts to change successful.
Trust
________ benefits are given to workers who become unemployed through no fault of their own.
Unemployment insurance
Given their expense and the legal risks associated with asking nonstandardized questions that have not been proven to be related to job success, ________ interviews are not recommended.
Unstructured
What type of interview asks different candidates different questions and usually does not have standards for evaluating answers?
Unstructured
_______ give a unique and important perspective on employee strengths and limitations as subordinates may often see their supervisors' interpersonal and leadership behaviors that managers do not.
Upward reviews
If an organization uses the principle of taking care of employees to guide its decisions and goals, then this is an example of core ________.
Values
Most workplace ________ incidents happen when there is an unresolved conflict or when an employee or employee's spouse feels that they have lost control of their lives.
Violence
Providing a way for employees to anonymously vent their frustrations and problems can also be helpful in preventing workplace ________.
Violence
Suzy wants to make sure that she is providing the most appropriate training for her employees in locations around the world. She should look into ________ training.
Virtual
A sensory modality preference for learning by seeing is called ________ learning.
Visual
What type of turnover can be influenced by high unemployment rates and other external factors?
Voluntary
________ turnover methods include a written or verbal resignation, not reporting for work as assigned, or retiring.
Voluntary
Perceived breaches of the psychological contract can lead to which of the following?
damaged employee-employer relationships
The goal of an organization that offers the benefits of flextime, personal days, and a wellness program is to ________.
decrease absenteeism
The goal of an organization that offers an on-site daycare for kids and elders is to ________.
decrease employee stress
The goal of an organization that offers the benefits of wellness programs, a fitness center, health coaches, and free healthy lunches and snacks is to ________.
decrease healthcare claims
What is the third step in an effective training process?
design the training
What is the second step in an effective training process?
develop learning objectives
Compensation received in the form of salary, wages, commissions, stock options, or bonuses is called _______.
direct financial compensation
Intentional discrimination based on a person's protected characteristic is called ________.
disparate treatment
Whether employees specialize or generalize is called ________.
division of labor
Competitive base pay, job security, and career advancement opportunities are all drivers of which of the following?
employee attraction