CBEST study.com writing

personal pronouns

a verb follows the personal pronoun I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours, you, your, yours, he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, them, their, theirs ex. The lady led him on a wild goose chase, didn't she? the lady = subject led = verb

Conjuction

a word that connects two or more words or sentences

conjuctive adverbs

act as adverbs and conjunctions (ex: futhermore, neverthelesss)

Semicolons

are used to connect two independent clauses that are closely related to each other, ex. Cecilia's favorite animal was the narwhal; she loved it mostly for its unicorn horn. to connect transitional words and phrases within a sentence, ex. Grover loved to cook; however, he was terrible at it. and to keep items in a list that have their own internal punctuation separate.

Common Nouns & Proper Nouns

common: name general people, places, things, and ideas proper: name specific people, places, things, and ideas

dependent clause

does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence

independent clause

expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. Has both a subject and a verb.

a colon is used to

include additional detail that supports the main clause. It is also used to subtitle titles.

essential clause

phrase which is necessary in the sentence and cannot be left out

Relative pronoun examples

that, which, who, whom, whose

oxford comma

the comma that goes before "and" in a list of three or more things

complete subject

the stubborn case busted wide open again

simple subject

the subject without any explanatory details ex. the stubborn case busted wide open again

comma splice

the use of a comma to join two independent clauses

the comma is used to

to signify a slight pause in a sentence.

Introduction Paragraph

1) The five-paragraph essay 2) part of an essay having five paragraphs 3) consisting of one introductory paragraph, three body paragraphs with support and development, and one concluding paragraph

verb

1) performs an action (ran, drank, fights, swims) 2) shows a state of being (is, was, are, were)

Non-essential clause

A clause unnecessary to the meaning of the sentence. Commas around it.

non sequitur

A non sequitur , in formal logic, is an invalid argument â€" an argument whose conclusion does not follow from its premises

in passive constructions

A sentence structured: Object, verb, subject. The ball was kicked by the boy.

thesis

A thesis or dissertation is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings

thesis statement

A thesis statement usually appears at the end of the introductory paragraph of a paper, and it offers a concise summary of the main point or claim of the essay, research paper, etc

adjective

A word that describes a noun

Pronoun

A word that takes the place of a noun

essay

An essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author's own argument - but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of an article, a pamphlet, and a short story

run-on sentence example

I love to write papers I would write one every day if I had the time.

modifier

In grammar, a modifier is an optional element in phrase structure or clause structure

sentence structure

In linguistics, syntax is the set of rules, principles, and processes that govern the structure of sentences in a given language, specifically word order

argument

In philosophy and logic, an argument is a series of statements typically used to persuade someone of something or to present reasons for accepting a conclusion

Syntax

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. (sentence structure)

antecedent

The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.