cells chapter 3

A process by which large particles may be taken into the cell for food, protection of the body, or for disposing of old or dead cells is called phagocytosis. True False

True

or diffusion to occur, there must be _____. a.all of these b.equal amounts of solute c.a selectively permeable membrane d.a concentration difference e.some sort of carrier system

d. a concentration difference

Which of the following is a principle of the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure? a.Phospholipids form a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water soluble molecules. b.All proteins associated with the cell membrane are contained in a fluid layer on the outside of the cell. c.Phospholipids consist of a polar head and a nonpolar tail made of three fatty acid chains. d.The lipid bilayer is a solid at body temperature, thus protecting the cell.

a. Phospholipids form a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water soluble molecules.

The endomembrane system is _____. a. an interactive system of organelles that produce, store and export biological molecules b.the process by which bacteria took up residence in ancient cells c.a system by which cells are riveted together by desmosomes d.a system of hydrophilic lipid monolayers that surround many cell organelles

a. an interactive system of organelles that produce, store and export biological molecules

Peroxisomes _____. a. are able to detoxify harmful or toxic substances and neutralize dangerous free radicals b.are also called microbodies c.function to digest particles ingested by endocytosis d.sometimes function as secretory vesicles

a. are able to detoxify harmful or toxic substances and neutralize dangerous free radicals

The term used to describe the type of solution in which cells will lose water to their environment is a.hypertonic b.hypotonic c.catatonic d.isotonic

a. hypertonic

If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the cell membrane is impermeable, what could happen? a.The cells will swell and ultimately burst. b.The cells will lose water and shrink. c.The cells will show no change due to diffusion of both solute and solvent. d.The cells will shrink at first, but will later reach equilibrium with the surrounding solution and return to their original condition.

b. The cells will lose water and shrink.

All of the following are functions of membrane proteins EXCEPT _____. a.cell-cell recognition b.detoxification of drugs c. transport d.receptors for signal transduction

b. detoxification of drugs

What is the name of the cell part identified in the picture? a.mitochondrion b.rough endoplasmic reticulum c.nucleolus d.golgi apparatus e.smooth endoplasmic reticulum

b. rough endoplasmic reticulum

What is the name of the cell part identified in the picture? a.rough endoplasmic reticulum b.smooth endoplasmic reticulum c.nucleolus d.golgi apparatus e.mitochondrion

b. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The _____ packages, modifies, and segregates proteins and lipids for secretion from the cell. a.lysosome b.ribosome c.golgi apparatus d.mitochondrion

c. golgi apparatus

Which of these is an inclusion, not an organelle? a.lysosome b.microtubule c.melanin d.cilia

c. melanin

All of the following are passive processes except for _____. a.filtration b.osmosis c.sodium-potassium pump d.diffusion

c. sodium-potassium pump

A red blood cell placed in pure water would _____. a.swell initially, then shrink as equilibrium is reached b.neither shrink nor swell c.swell and burst d.shrink

c. swell and burst

The smallest unit capable of life by itself is a.the nucleus b.the tissue c.the cell d.the organe.the organelle

c. the cell

Intestinal cells absorb glucose, galactose, and fructose by carrier-mediated transport. Poisoning the cells' mitochondria inhibits the absorption of glucose and galactose but not that of fructose. By what processes are these sugars absorbed? a. Fructose is actively transported, but glucose and galactose are moved by facilitated diffusion. b.All are absorbed by facilitated diffusion. c. All are absorbed by active transport. d. Glucose and galactose are actively transported, but fructose is moved by facilitated diffusion.

d. Glucose and galactose are actively transported, but fructose is moved by facilitated diffusion.

Membrane junctions that allow nutrients or ions to flow from cell to cell are a.tight junctions b.cross bar junctions c.desmosomes d.gap junctions

d. gap junctions

Passive membrane transport processes include _____. a.consumption of ATP b.movement of water from an area of low water concentration to an area of high water concentration c.the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration d.movement of a substance down its concentration gradient

d. movement of a substance down its concentration gradient

A cell stimulated to increase steroid production will have abundant _____. a.ribosomes b.Golgi apparatus c.secretory vesicles d.smooth ER e.rough ER

d. smooth ER

What is the name of the plasma membrane part identified in the picture? a.cholesterol b.polar head of phospholipid molecule c.peripheral proteins d.nonpolar tail of phospholipid molecule e.carbohydrate of glycocalyx

e. carbohydrate of glycocalyx